Download Protein synthesis

Name: _____________________________ Period: ______ Date: _________________________
Internet Scavenger Hunt: RNA & Protein
Synthesis
RNA Structure

http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=63
1. What does RNA stand for?
2. What about RNA is similar to DNA?
3. What about RNA is different from DNA?
Protein Synthesis (in general)

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/protein.html
4. What is the purpose of protein synthesis?
Go back to the first page of the DNA Workshop. Click on the DNA Workshop Activity,
then click on protein synthesis.
5. How long can an mRNA sequence be for real?
6. What is a codon and where can we find it?
7. What is an anticodon and where can we find it?
8. What is a tRNA and what is attached to it?
9. When does this process end?
Protein Synthesis (more specifically)
 http://www.genome.gov/27552603
Click after the end of the third paragraph where it reads teachers’ domain: cell
Transcription and Translation. The click launch and click through the presentation.
10. Where is the DNA located in the cell and why does it stay there?
11. The first step of protein production is called __________________________ and
makes a molecule of ________________ which travels to the
___________________________.
12. The second step is called _______________________________ and links
_____________________________________ together to form a chain, which folds
into a 3D structure to form a ______________________.
Be sure to click through Transcription and Translation, too, not just the overview.
What three regions does a gene have and what do they do?
13.
14.
15.
16. What enzyme is responsible for transcription and what does it do?
17. How is the mRNA growing like DNA replication? (this is an inference on your part)
18. What organelle is responsible for building the amino acid chain?
19. Where do the amino acids come from?
20. How many nucleotides does a ribosome read at a time? What is this group called?
21. How do the amino acids get to the ribosomes (what moves them)?
22. What is an anticodon?
23. What kind of bond forms between amino acids?
24. What happens to the amino acid chain after it leaves the ribosome and mRNA?
25. Can only 1 ribosome decode 1 piece of mRNA? Explain.
 http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=AP1302
Watch the animation. Pay special attention to how each codon matches a specific
anticodon, which in turn matches a specific amino acid.
26. Is only one copy of DNA made? Explain.
27. Is only one polypeptide chain (protein) made at a time? Explain.
28. Besides mRNA and tRNA, what is the third kind of RNA involved in making
proteins?
29. – 31. Tell what is happening in each step of translation. You don’t need to name
the steps, but describe in your own words what’s happening.
32. – 34. Tell what is happening in each step (pair of pictures) of transcription. You
don’t need to name the steps, but describe in your own words what’s
happening.
Point Mutations (when things go wrong):

http://study.com/academy/lesson/point-mutations-in-dna-types-diseasesexamples.html
35. True or false: Small changes in DNA make small changes in the organism.
Explain.
36. What is a point mutation?
Describe what happens for these three mutations:
37. (base) substitution:
38. frameshift mutation:
39. insertion:
40. deletion:
You’ll have to create an account to see the complete video and take the quiz.
Chromosome Mutations (when things go wrong):

http://www.biology-online.org/2/7_mutations.htm (you will have to click
through a couple of pages for all the answers)
39. Describe what happens in nondisjunction and one disorder caused by it.
Describe the following chromosomal mutations:
40. duplication:
41. inversion
42. translocation
43. What are some things that can cause mutations?
Frequency of Mutations:

http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/Mutations.html
(scroll down)
44. How many base pairs do we have that could mutate?
45. How often do errors in copying DNA happen and how many errors per cell is that
for each cell division?
46. But we shouldn’t be worried because ___________ % of our DNA is not used for
anything? What is it, then?
47. Who has more mutations, males or females? Explain.
Original images:
http://www.geneticengineering.org/chemis/ChemisNucleicAcid/Graphics/Transcription.gif