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Homework and check tests https://sciencemissoneill.wordpress.com/ •Supported study- Thursday afterschool •Homework help Inheritance Lesson 1 Task With the person next to you, write down 5 things you have in common and 5 differences Lesson 1- learning intention Variation within a species Variation: copy •All members of any species have many characteristics in common as well as having many differences •These differences are called variations •Variation are due to GENETIC or ENVIRONMENTAL causes. What makes organisms different? Organisms differ because they have different genes. Humans have human genes Gerbils have gerbil genes Bananas have banana genes! Nobody else in the whole world has the same DNA as you (unless identical twin)! Where is the information stored? •In the nucleus of almost every one of your body’s cells are tiny structures called chromosomes. •Chromosomes are made up of really tightly wound strands of DNA. •Genes are within the DNA Sexual Reproduction •Human sex cells contain 23 chromosomes •When fertilisation happens the gametes fuse together to make a single cell called a ZYGOTE. •The zygote (like every other human cell) has 46 chromosomes Genotype •Each gene does a different job •Every person has 2 copies of the same gene (1 from mum, 1 from dad) •Different form of the same gene- ALLELE •Alleles may be the same or different- VARIATION Is variation only in humans? •Variation in animals and in plants too •Variation between different species is usually greater than the variation within a species. Variation in Humans •Eye colour •Height •Hair colour •Tongue roller •Ear lobes Variation in Plants •Colour of petals •Length of stem •Shape of leaves Inherited Variation: Copy • Genes are found on DNA on the chromosomes in the nucleus • We get a full set of genes from our mum and a full set of genes from our dad • The two copies of the gene are called ALLELES- they may be the same or different • Variation is caused by the different alleles • Examples in humans- eye colour, hair colour • Examples in plants- petal colour, leaf shape Match the parents to the child and explain why Match the parents to the child and explain why Match the parents to the child and explain why Match the parents to the child and explain why Match the parents to the child and explain why Match the parents to the child and explain why