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Transcript
Vanadium: Insulin Mimicry By: Jasmine A. Rangel What is Insulin? Hormone that triggers glucose, amino acid and fatty acid uptake in tissues. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O 30 ATP How does insulin work? Vanadium Complexes Vanadate (1979) Vanadyl ⎤2+ ⎤2+ Among the best Peroxovanadates Mechanism I - protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PPTP) returns insulin receptor kinase (IRK) to pre-insulin binding form, IRK phosphorilates it’s own tyr - V(V) able to bypass IRK phosphorylation step or activate diff PTK aka the beta subunit - Vanadate & Vanadyl target PPTP but in cytPTKs, this allows activation of corresponding cytPTKs - If we inhibit cytPTK then V insulin mimicry is suppressed so activation of cytPTK is needed but other unknown mechanism is prob also important Mechanism II - V complex induces the influx of Ca2+ into cell - Ca2+ is thought to help in the release of insulin into the bloodstream