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C Description of Symposium This description is the basis upon which the program committee will select proposals. Please describe the symposium in non-technical terms (so that the committee members with a diverse background can understand the relevance). Write it like you write the proposal summary of an NSF proposal. You have to convince the committee that the topic is a) important b) relevant and c) interesting for more than a few specialists in the field. Describe the role of each speaker and what she/he will present and how it complements the other speakers. In other word, we would like to see an overall plan and coherence between the speakers. Like an NSF summary, please stay within 1 page. FORMATION AND CONTROL OF WAVE DYNAMICS IN THE BRAIN Symposium Chair: S. J. Schiff During the past several years, there have been substantial developments in our understanding of neuronal network pattern formation in both theory and experiment. Spiral waves have been discovered in mammalian brain, as predicted by theory. Progress in both the theory of controlling wave synchronization and propagation, as well as experiments confirming propagation control, have been performed. Lastly, the first intracellular interaction data from spontaneous seizure formation has revealed the unexpectedly important role that inhibitory interneurons play in the orchestration of seizures. These findings shed new light on our understanding of neuronal pattern formation in normal and disease states. SPEAKERS: S. J. Schiff (George Mason University) W. Troy (University of Pittsburgh) B. Gluckman (George Mason University) P. So (George Mason University) ABSTRACTS: S. J. Schiff, X. Huang, Q. Yang, H. Ma, J-Y Wu 'Spiral Waves in Mammalian Brain - Experiments' We report stable rotating spiral waves in mammalian tangential brain slices visualized by voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Spiral waves occurred spontaneously and alternated with plane, ring, and irregular waves. Spiral rotation rates were about 10 turns per second, and the rotation was linked to the oscillations in a one-cycle-one-rotation manner. A small slowly drifting phase singularity occurred at the center of the spirals. Such spiral waves may provide a spatial framework to organize cortical oscillations. ------------------------------W. Troy, C. R. Liang 'Spiral Waves in Brain – Theory' We investigate wave formation in a two dimensional Wilson-Cowan type model of neural media. Two dimensional waves that are observed in the model include rotating spirals, ring shaped plane waves, and periodic waves. All of these have experimental counterparts recently discovered in the occipital cortex of the rat. Movies will be shown which compare both model and experimental results. ------------------------------B. Gluckman 'Controlling Wave Propagation in Cortex – Theory and Experiment' We experimentally confirmed predictions that modulation of neuronal threshold with electrical fields can speed up, slow down, and even block traveling waves in neocortical slices. The predictions are based on a Wilson-Cowan type integrodifferential equation model of propagating neocortical activity. Wave propagation could be modified quickly and reversibly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of direct modulation of threshold to control wave propagation in a neural system. ------------------------------P. So 'Controlling Neuronal Synchronization with Electrical Fields - Theory Heterogeneous model neurons were synaptically coupled and embedded within a resistive array, thus allowing the neurons to realistically interact both chemically and electrically. An applied electric field was found to be effective in controlling the transition of synchrony between these neurons. A simple phase oscillator reduction was successful in qualitatively reproducing these results. These findings suggest a larger scale model in which the effects of electric fields on seizure activity may be simulated. Predictions on the control of wave propagation for future experiments are detailed. D For each invited speaker: Name: S. J. Schiff Affiliation: George Mason University Phone: 703-993-4336 Email: [email protected] Postal Address: Krasnow Institute, MS 2A1, GMU, Fairfax, VA 22030 Name: W. C. Troy Affiliation: University of Pittsburgh Phone: ___________________ Email: [email protected] Postal Address: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Name: B. J. Gluckman Affiliation: George Mason University Phone: 703-993-4384 Email: [email protected] Postal Address: Krasnow Institute, MS 2A1, GMU, Fairfax, VA 22030 Name: P. So Affiliation: George Mason University Phone: 703-993-4377 Email: [email protected] Postal Address: Krasnow Institute, MS 2A1, GMU, Fairfax, VA 22030 E. Session Chair (this can be you) It is very important that a session chair is selected at the time of proposal submission. The session organizer can act as chair. The chair needs to be absolutely committed to attend the March meeting and chair the session. The chair needs to be absolutely committed to attend the March meeting and chair the session. The session chair needs to be available for phone calls during the sorters meeting December 10-11. Name: S. J. Schiff Affiliation: George Mason University Phone: 703-993-4336 Email: [email protected] Postal Address: Krasnow Institute, George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA 22030