Same Spinal Interneurons Mediate Reflex Actions of Group Ib and
... of Ib afferents on motoneurons (Eccles et al. 1957); they were located in the L5 and L6 segments. Three of the intracellularly recorded and five of the extracellularly recorded interneurons were antidromically activated from the lateral funiculus at the border between the L3 and L4 segments. Sevente ...
... of Ib afferents on motoneurons (Eccles et al. 1957); they were located in the L5 and L6 segments. Three of the intracellularly recorded and five of the extracellularly recorded interneurons were antidromically activated from the lateral funiculus at the border between the L3 and L4 segments. Sevente ...
Organization of the Olfactory and Respiratory Skeleton in the Nose
... This study is based on a growth series of Monodelphis domestica specimens of precisely documented ages commissioned from the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research in San Antonio, TX (e.g., VandeBerg, 1990) for the Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory of the Texas Memorial Museum (TMM). The coll ...
... This study is based on a growth series of Monodelphis domestica specimens of precisely documented ages commissioned from the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research in San Antonio, TX (e.g., VandeBerg, 1990) for the Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory of the Texas Memorial Museum (TMM). The coll ...
In 1978 Mountcastle hypothesized that the smallest functional unit of
... (SI) of cats and monkeys obtained experimental evidence that strongly supports Mountcastle’s minicolumnar hypothesis (Favorov and Whitsel, 1988a; Favorov and Diamond, 1990). These studies found that the receptive fields (RFs) of neurons within fine (~50µm in diameter) radial cords are very similar i ...
... (SI) of cats and monkeys obtained experimental evidence that strongly supports Mountcastle’s minicolumnar hypothesis (Favorov and Whitsel, 1988a; Favorov and Diamond, 1990). These studies found that the receptive fields (RFs) of neurons within fine (~50µm in diameter) radial cords are very similar i ...
D27 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... attention is focused on something) is called ALPHA BLOCK. – alpha block is also produced by any form of sensory stimulation or mental concentration ...
... attention is focused on something) is called ALPHA BLOCK. – alpha block is also produced by any form of sensory stimulation or mental concentration ...
Mismatch Negativity: Different Water in the Same River
... change requires parsing the incoming information into discrete stimuli. In terms of perception, the two kinds of change detection may be analogous to sensory analysis and object recognition. ...
... change requires parsing the incoming information into discrete stimuli. In terms of perception, the two kinds of change detection may be analogous to sensory analysis and object recognition. ...
Neural Correlates of Knowledge: Stable Representation of Stimulus
... the subject must identify the stimulus that has been paired with the cue (e.g., an umbrella). To perform correctly the subject must access their knowledge of the stimulus pairing at some time between when the cue is presented and the choice is made. Using the PA task, previous studies have shown tha ...
... the subject must identify the stimulus that has been paired with the cue (e.g., an umbrella). To perform correctly the subject must access their knowledge of the stimulus pairing at some time between when the cue is presented and the choice is made. Using the PA task, previous studies have shown tha ...
Sensory nerve conduction studies
... m.abductor hallucis with surface electrodes. When the threshold for a motor response is around 1mA (stimulus duration 0.2 ms) the position of the recording electrode is excellent. Thresholds of more than 3 mA rarely give satisfactory recordings. Placement of reference electrode: Subcutaneously 20-30 ...
... m.abductor hallucis with surface electrodes. When the threshold for a motor response is around 1mA (stimulus duration 0.2 ms) the position of the recording electrode is excellent. Thresholds of more than 3 mA rarely give satisfactory recordings. Placement of reference electrode: Subcutaneously 20-30 ...
Alterations to multisensory and unisensory integration by stimulus
... was positioned on a microdrive stage and lowered into the SC. After reaching the superficial layers of the SC, the electrode was advanced with the hydraulic microdrive while monitoring neural activity and presenting search stimuli. Single neuron activity was recorded, amplified, and then sent to an ...
... was positioned on a microdrive stage and lowered into the SC. After reaching the superficial layers of the SC, the electrode was advanced with the hydraulic microdrive while monitoring neural activity and presenting search stimuli. Single neuron activity was recorded, amplified, and then sent to an ...
Saccade performance in the nasal and temporal
... smooth pursuit the eye tends to overshoot the target’s position and velocity but after a very short time the eye follows the target closely, even if the target disappears for a moment. When the target stops, the velocity of the eye declines and the duration of the negative acceleration is rather con ...
... smooth pursuit the eye tends to overshoot the target’s position and velocity but after a very short time the eye follows the target closely, even if the target disappears for a moment. When the target stops, the velocity of the eye declines and the duration of the negative acceleration is rather con ...
Jesús Pujol Martí Neural map organization and development in the lateral-line system
... functionally complex, mediating contrasting behaviours that are also present in the adult fish. A decade ago, Ghysen‟s research group showed that the lateralis (lateral-line) sensory neurons display a topographic neural map. The same group shed some light on when and how this map is established. Sin ...
... functionally complex, mediating contrasting behaviours that are also present in the adult fish. A decade ago, Ghysen‟s research group showed that the lateralis (lateral-line) sensory neurons display a topographic neural map. The same group shed some light on when and how this map is established. Sin ...
Article
... the duration of each cycle can change according to the circumstances [9]. In general, CPG networks consist of interconnected interneurons that generate motor patterns underlying rhythmic behaviors. Since interneurons and their neurites are densely packed in the central nervous system (CNS), it has b ...
... the duration of each cycle can change according to the circumstances [9]. In general, CPG networks consist of interconnected interneurons that generate motor patterns underlying rhythmic behaviors. Since interneurons and their neurites are densely packed in the central nervous system (CNS), it has b ...
Neural Mapping of Direction and Frequency in
... Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/191771-11$05.00/0 ...
... Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/191771-11$05.00/0 ...
Sources of the Scalp-Recorded Amplitude
... sounds . This potential is also known as the envelope following response (EFR ; Dolphin and Mountain, 1992), auditory steady-state response (ASSR, Picton et al, 1987), and auditory steadystate evoked potential (SSEP ; Rickards et al, 1994). The AMFR can be recorded from the scalp in response to sinu ...
... sounds . This potential is also known as the envelope following response (EFR ; Dolphin and Mountain, 1992), auditory steady-state response (ASSR, Picton et al, 1987), and auditory steadystate evoked potential (SSEP ; Rickards et al, 1994). The AMFR can be recorded from the scalp in response to sinu ...
Extraction of Sensory Parameters from a Neural Map by Primary
... afferents, whose axons can be seen entering the terminal ganglion through the cercal nerves. The fourth neuron is a primary sensory interneuron, the axon of which projects anterior to higher centers of the nervous system. Display of its cell body has been suppressed to prevent obscuration of the den ...
... afferents, whose axons can be seen entering the terminal ganglion through the cercal nerves. The fourth neuron is a primary sensory interneuron, the axon of which projects anterior to higher centers of the nervous system. Display of its cell body has been suppressed to prevent obscuration of the den ...
Functional Properties of Parietal Visual Neurons: Mechanisms of
... These receptive fields are dynamically maintained, for their sizes and in-field properties are determined by the behavioral state of the animal at the time of study (Mountcastle et al., 1981); they also vary with the parameters of the stimuli used to establish them. We define the relations between t ...
... These receptive fields are dynamically maintained, for their sizes and in-field properties are determined by the behavioral state of the animal at the time of study (Mountcastle et al., 1981); they also vary with the parameters of the stimuli used to establish them. We define the relations between t ...
Color responses of the human lateral geniculate nucleus: selective
... background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each of the three different post-receptoral mechanisms, respectiv ...
... background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each of the three different post-receptoral mechanisms, respectiv ...
Experience-Dependent Sharpening of Visual Shape Selectivity in
... were smoothly morphed, that is, without sudden appearance or disappearance of any feature. They were 4.2 in diameter and had identical color, shading, and scale. Monkeys were trained (over the course of several months) to indicate (by releasing a lever) whether 2 successively presented stimuli (‘‘s ...
... were smoothly morphed, that is, without sudden appearance or disappearance of any feature. They were 4.2 in diameter and had identical color, shading, and scale. Monkeys were trained (over the course of several months) to indicate (by releasing a lever) whether 2 successively presented stimuli (‘‘s ...
Selective amplification of the S
... background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each of the three different post-receptoral mechanisms, respectiv ...
... background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each of the three different post-receptoral mechanisms, respectiv ...
Scene perception: inferior temporal cortex neurons encode the
... neurons to the different stimuli as shown by the anovas.] In this way the parafoveal objects’ edges were close to the edge of an object simultaneously presented at the fovea. This condition is termed the ‘close’ condition, because the objects were closely spaced. The stimuli were chosen in prior scr ...
... neurons to the different stimuli as shown by the anovas.] In this way the parafoveal objects’ edges were close to the edge of an object simultaneously presented at the fovea. This condition is termed the ‘close’ condition, because the objects were closely spaced. The stimuli were chosen in prior scr ...
L8-Physiology of Sleep and EEG 2013
... as drugs that block glycine signaling such as strychnine can markedly increase muscle tone in REM sleep and wakefulness.168,169 ...
... as drugs that block glycine signaling such as strychnine can markedly increase muscle tone in REM sleep and wakefulness.168,169 ...
Word doc - Center for Neural Science
... Tests on independent means were Student's t-test and factorial ANOVA, whereas the paired ttest and Repeated Measures ANOVA were used for related means. In analyzing response features obtained at different frequencies and intensities (e.g., Fig. 3C), Repeated Measures ANOVAs were performed separately ...
... Tests on independent means were Student's t-test and factorial ANOVA, whereas the paired ttest and Repeated Measures ANOVA were used for related means. In analyzing response features obtained at different frequencies and intensities (e.g., Fig. 3C), Repeated Measures ANOVAs were performed separately ...
A diagram of the ear`s structure THE OUTER EAR The outer ear
... The outer ear collects sound waves in the air and channels them to the inner parts of the ear. The outer ear along with its canal has been shown to enhance sounds within a certain frequency range. That range just happens to be the same range that most of the characteristics of human speech sounds f ...
... The outer ear collects sound waves in the air and channels them to the inner parts of the ear. The outer ear along with its canal has been shown to enhance sounds within a certain frequency range. That range just happens to be the same range that most of the characteristics of human speech sounds f ...
Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of surface-orientation–selective (SOS) neurons in the caudal part of the lateral bank of the intraparietal sulcus (area CIP). During the s ...
... 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of surface-orientation–selective (SOS) neurons in the caudal part of the lateral bank of the intraparietal sulcus (area CIP). During the s ...
Activity of Neurons in Anterior Inferior Temporal Cortex during a
... Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in memory storage during times when they are concurrently responding to new visual stimuli. One study of neurons in lateral IT cortex of ...
... Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in memory storage during times when they are concurrently responding to new visual stimuli. One study of neurons in lateral IT cortex of ...
Surface wave detection by animals
Surface wave detection by animals is the process by which animals, such as surface-feeding fish are able to sense and localize prey and other objects on the surface of a body of water by analyzing features of the ripples generated by objects' movement at the surface. Features analyzed include waveform properties such as frequency, change in frequency, and amplitude, and the curvature of the wavefront. A number of different species are proficient in surface wave detection, including some aquatic insects and toads, though most research is done on the topminnow/surface killfish Aplocheilus lineatus. The fish and other animals with this ability spend large amounts of time near the water surface, some just to feed and others their entire lives.