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Unit 2 Practice Test Chapter 9 1. The four bases found along the DNA double helix are a. adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosol b. adenine, thyroxine, glucose, and cytosine c. adrenaline, thymine, glucosamine, and uracil d. adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine e. none of the above 2. Chromosomes that are not involved in sex determination are called ____________________. 3. When does DNA replication take place in the cell cycle? A) during mitosis B) continually throughout the cell cycle C) during cytokinesis D) before a cell divides E) only during G1 4. Which statement is TRUE about homologous chromosomes? A) They include the two X chromosomes in a female. B) They are duplicated chromosomes that have not yet been separated. C) They contain completely different genes. D) They include the X and Y chromosomes in a male. E) They are exactly alike. Chapter 10 5. In reference to chromosomes, meiosis involves a. no duplications, 1 reduction b. 1 duplication, 2 reductions c. 2 duplications, 1 reductions d. 2 duplications, 2 reductions e. none of the above 6. Fertilization of the haploid sperm and egg results in the restoration of the ____________________ number of chromosomes in the zygote. 7. The products of meiosis are A) two genetically identical, diploid cells. B) four genetically identical, haploid cells. C) four genetically identical, diploid cells. D) two genetically different, diploid cells. E) four genetically different, haploid cells. 8. If a eukaryotic cell has 20 chromosomes and it undergoes meiosis, how many cells will result, and how many chromosomes will they contain? A) 4 cells, each with 20 chromosomes B) 4 cells, each with 10 chromosomes C) 2 cells, each with 10 chromosomes D) 2 cells, each with 20 chromosomes Chapter 11 9. If plants in a cross have the following genotypes (YYRR x yyrr) the correct term for the type of cross is: a. recessive cross b. dominant cross c. monohybrid cross d. dihybrid cross e. codominant cross 10. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called ____________________. 11. The D gene controls pea plant height. The DD and dd genotypes confer tall and dwarf phenotypes, respectively. What is the relationship between D and d? A) They are two different plant chromosomes. B) They are two different genes on the same chromosome. C) They are alleles of the same gene. D) They are two possible homozygous genotypes. E) They are two possible heterozygous genotypes. A and a are dominant and recessive alleles, respectively, of the same gene. 12. Which genotype(s) would result in an individual with the dominant phenotype? A) AA and aa B) Aa and aa C) only AA D) AA and Aa E) only Aa Chapter 12 13. Inheritance of an autosomal dominant disorder differs from inheritance of an autosomal recessive disorder in that: a. A dominant disorder may be passed on only if both parents are affected. b. A dominant disorder is evident only if the offspring is homozygous for the allele. c. A dominant disorder is more often seen in females. d. A dominant disorder may be passed on even if only one parent is affected. e. both b and d 14. If some of the offspring of a test cross have the recessive trait, then the genotype of the individual being tested is ____________________. 15. If a female who is a carrier for the hemophilia gene has a child with a man who does not have hemophilia, which prediction is correct? A) All of the sons and none of the daughters will have hemophilia. B) All of the daughters and none of the sons will have hemophilia. C) Half of the sons and half of the daughters will have hemophilia. D) Half of the sons and none of the daughters will have hemophilia. E) Half of the daughters and none of the sons will have hemophilia. 16. A recessive gene that is on a human X chromosome A) will be expressed equally by males and females. B) is more likely to be expressed in females. C) is more likely be expressed if it is heterozygous. D) is more likely to be expressed by males. E) will never be expressed in females. Chapter 13 17. The components of the DNA handrails are _____ and _____. a. nucleotides, phosphates b. sugars, nucleotides c. sugars, bases d. sugars, phosphates e. none of the above 18. A DNA subunit composed of a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogencontaining base is called a(n) ____________________. 19. All of the following are bonds found in DNA molecules EXCEPT A) phosphate to deoxyribose. B) deoxyribose to adenine. C) cytosine to guanine. D) cytosine to phosphate. E) thymine to adenine. 20. If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication, what would the sequence of bases be on the newly synthesized strand? A) ATGCT B) CTACG C) AGCAT D) GCATC E) TCGTA Chapter 14 21. What mRNA sequence signals the start of a sequence to be translated? a. ATG b. UGA c. AUG d. UAG e. UAA 22. Messenger RNA is produced during the process of ____________________. 23. The units of both RNA and DNA are composed of A) codons. B) bases A, G, C, T. C) amino acids. D) sugars, phosphates and bases. E) operons. 24. If the cells in Sharon's liver began to have problems producing tRNA's, which process, specifically, would be inhibited? A) translation B) replication C) transcription D) duplication E) meiosis Answers 1D 2 autosomes 3D 4A 5B 6 diploid 7E 8B 9D 10 heredity 11 C 12 D 13 D 14 heterozygous 15 D 16 D 17 D 18 nucleotide 19 D 20 C 21 C 22 transcription 23 D 24 A