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A REPORT ON KENYA’S STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP ON GREEN CLIMATE FUND PROJECT PIPELINE An undertaking of the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA)- Kenya Towards A Country Driven Approach In Accessing GCF Funding 1 List of Acronyms COP: Conference of Parties EEs: Executing Entities GCF: Green Climate Fund GDC: Geothermal Development Corporation IEs: Implementing Entities KCB: Kenya Commercial Bank KFS: Kenya Forest Service LDC: Least Developed Countries MEWNR: Ministry of environment, water and natural resources MoALF Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries MoIED: Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development NAP: National Adaptation Plan NCCAP: National Climate Change Action Plan NCCRS: Kenya National Climate Response Strategy NCCS: National Climate Change Secretariat NDA: National Designated Authority NDMA: National Drought Management Authority NEMA: National Environmental Management Authority NIE: National Implementing Entity PAD: Project Appraisal Document PCN: Project Concept Note RAS: Readiness Actions SIDS: Small Island Developing States 2 UNFCCC: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change LPAR: Legal Preparedness Assessment Report ATAR: Adaptation Technical Analysis Reports MTPs: Medium Term Plans 3 Table of Contents List of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................ 2 List of Figures and Tables .............................................................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 2 Background ................................................................................................................................... 9 NEMA’S STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PLAN TOWARDS ACCESSING THE GREEN CLIMATE FUND Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1 Stages for stakeholder engagement .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................................................... 13 3.1: NEMA-GCF KENYA WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS ................................................................................... 13 3.1: The National Designated Authority Presentation ............................................................................ 13 3.1.1: The Green Climate Fund Background Information ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1.1 The accreditation processes for National Implementing Entities (NIEs) ............................ 16 2.1.2 Introduction to the Project Concept Note (PCN) ................................................................ 17 2.2 The National Climate Change Secretariat ................................................................................... 18 2.3 Kenya’s Climate Finance Readiness: Key findings & priorities for support by Government of Germany.................................................................................................................................................. 22 3 4 Concept Notes Development .............................................................................................................. 23 3.1 Prioritization, Feedback and Consensus Building ....................................................................... 23 3.2 Methodology............................................................................................................................... 23 3.3 The seven concept notes summary ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3.1 Energy access and power generation ................................................................................. 24 3.3.2 Buildings, cities, industries, appliances and waste management ....................................... 24 3.3.3 Transport ............................................................................................................................. 24 3.3.4 Forestry and land use .......................................................................................................... 25 3.3.5 Livelihoods of people and communities ............................................................................. 25 3.3.6 Resilience of infrastructure and built environment ............................................................ 26 3.3.7 Ecosystems and ecosystem services ................................................................................... 26 CONCEPT NOTES SUBMISSION TO NEMA ........................................................................................... 27 4.1 BUILDINGS, CITIES, INDUSTRIES, APPLIANCES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT Error! Bookmark not defined. 4 4.2 ENERGY ACCESS AND POWER GENERATION ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3 TRANSPORT .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.4 Forestry and land use..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.5 Livelihoods of people and communities ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.6 Resilience of infrastructure and built environment ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.7 Ecosystems and ecosystem services .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1: Kenya’s abatement potential (source: NCCS) ................................................................. 19 List of Tables Table 1: Size of project/activity within a programme...................................................................... 17 Table 2: Relating low-carbon strategies with sustainable development per priority sector (Source: NCCS)........................................................................................................................................ 20 6 CHAPTER 1 1 Introduction The National Environment Management Authority intends to participate and contribute to the goals of the Green Climate Fund (GCF) in line with the aspirations of UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol. This report, details the proceedings and outputs of Kenya’s premiere stakeholders’ workshop on Green Climate Fund, and the intended steps/phases by NEMA, towards accessing GCF. This first GCF workshop in Kenya was conceived and convened by the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) in an effort to contribute towards a country driven approach in accessing the Green Climate Funds. The key objective of this forum was to generate country priority intervention areas on climate change, for funding consideration under the Green Climate Fund (GCF). NEMA recognizes the urgency and need to address existing climate change threats and acknowledges GCF as a source of funding, which if accessed, will accelerate Kenya’s response to climate change threats. Towards this end, NEMA has great experience and understands the need for country level appropriate processes and strategic positioning in readiness for accessing this global climate finance mechanisms (GCF). In conceiving this workshop, NEMA’s aim is to offer leadership and momentum by initiating the path towards accessing climate finance from GCF through direct access modality in Kenya. NEMA conceives 3 main phases of finance access and delivery of Climate Change interventions under the GCF mechanism. These stages are described below; Phase 1 This phase will consist of a participatory approach in identifying priority Climate Change interventions in line with Government climate change action plans, strategies and work programmes. In this phase all relevant government agencies be consulted in a formally organized forum. NEMA will undertake to facilitate the 7 process, with the knowledge that, GCF being a new mechanism, the level of sensitation is fairly low. The larger portion of this report is the proceedings and outcomes of Phase one as described above. NEMA, in a demonstration of how responsive its management is, internally allocated resources to facilitate a government wide consultative workshop, for setting the climate change intervention priorities areas for consideration of funding under GCF. This consultative workshop took place in March 2015 at the Utalii College Hotel, Nairobi where relevant government institutions developed draft climate change concept notes. The methodology employed in this workshop was that of an open dialogue that had two main components/sessions. The first component was participants were appraised on GCF mechanism, and were taken through Kenya’s official National Climate Change Action Plan. The second component generated the specific areas that Kenya/NEMA should present to GCF for funding in the initial submissions. This methodology ensured development of well- informed, national- oriented and government prioritised GCF project proposals. Phase 2 This phase shall involve full Project/Programme development. The submitted and approved project concepts shall be the basis of developing full proposal. A very key desired outcome during this phase is mapping and inclusion of all stakeholders. These stakeholders shall include, and not limited to, Government agencies, Civil Society Organizations, Private Sector, Regional bodies and International organizations. A robust stakeholder mapping and engagement shall be employed NEMA intends to employ the rich experience on this process as demonstrated during development of the Adaptation Fund programme. Phase 3 This phase shall involve projects/programme implementation. 8 1.1 Background The premise that necessitates setting up of strategic institutions globally and nationally to be vehicles to deliver climate funds from the global finance mechanisms is the reality that climate change related costs are beyond budgetary scope of national governments in developing countries. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) is an accredited National Implementing Entity (NIE) of the Adaptation Fund (AF) for Kenya and is pursuing GCF accreditation on fast track category. In December 2014, NEMA received and met a GCF mission to Kenya accompanied by officials from Kenya’s National Treasury in their role as the NDA for Kenya. In this meeting NEMA was advised to submit potential project proposals for funding under GCF. An internal NEMA decision was taken that development and prioritization of these proposals must involve a consultative and participatory process with relevant government entities. It is with this background that NEMA organized a government-wide stakeholder’s workshop to prioritize and generate project concepts for submission to the GCF secretariat. The government entities that participated in this climate change interventions priority setting workshop are institutions whose mandate is in diverse aspects of development and environment in Kenya. These included institutions of higher learning (Universities), Government Ministries, Government Agencies, Government Development Authorities and Government Semi-Autonomous organizations. Four of these institutions that participated with specified/ profiled roles namely; 1. The National Treasury, whose role is that of the National Designated Authority for Kenya; 2. The Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, whose role is developing climate change policy and Climate Change Action plans and Strategies; 9 3. Transparency International, which was invited and participated as an observer to document and appraise this process against the tenets of transparency and good governance. 4. United Nations Development Programme, who are implementing a climate finance readiness program in Africa, Kenya being one of the target countries. 10 CHAPTER 2 2 NEMA’S GCF Workshop mobilization and communication strategy Kenya has many actors involved in climate change adaptation and mitigation interventions. NEMA as the principal instrument for the Government of Kenya for the implementation of all matters pertaining to the environment has a vast network of stakeholders that it interacts with during its operations. In recognition of the significance of a participatory process in the concept development process, NEMA’s NIE Secretariat laid out an elaborate stakeholder mobilization and engagement plan. This plan would ensure wide consultation throughout the concept development process and also ensure that the approach taken is a country driven process. To have a government driven approach the secretariat did a comprehensive analysis of government stakeholders who have interest, influence and power in environment, climate change and development matters was done. A list of the identified government institutions was generated that included the contacts for the heads of the institutions. Invitation letters signed by the Director General NEMA, detailing the objectives of the workshop were sent out to the heads of institutions/Focal points of all the targeted institutions. These letters were delivered through courier services to these institutions. The same letters were scanned and sent to these institutions through emails. Towards the date of the event, Follow up was done through phone calls to all the invited institutions. It is noteworthy that NEMA’s decision to lay out a GCF stakeholder engagement plan was also based on its past experience in developing project proposals for Adaptation Fund considerations. During which, the Authority carried out an extensive and time consuming process of identifying and narrowing over 100 project proposals to 11 proposals. Due to the gravity of addressing climate change issues in the country and the recently opened GCF’s accreditation window, NEMA decided to strategically identify the relevant stakeholders to engage with from the very first step of developing GCF’s project concept notes. 11 Execution of the Participatory approach 40 organizations relevant government institutions were identified. Below is a diagram illustrating how the stakeholders mapping criteria and their role :). Phase one stakeholder engagement process - for a country driven approach in developing GCF project concept notes on priority CC Interventions NEMA Mobilisation of resources, and participants 40 t Government Agencies: Academia, Parastatals, Departments, Commissions and Ministries were mobilised towards participating in the GCF workshop Transparency International invited to be an observer - Advisory/Special ised institutions: NDA, UNDP, Ministry of Environment(UN FCCC Focal Point) invited to give presentations Workshop Execution; CC Priority Inteventio ns generated These identified stakeholders included Public universities, the National Treasury (GCF NDA) Kenya Meteorological services, Department of Remote Sensing and Resource Survey, Tana River Development Authority, Kenya Pipeline Company, Kenya Maritime Authority, Kenya Civil Aviation Authority, Lake Basin Development Authority, Kenya Forest Service, Kenya Forest Research Institute, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, National Oil, Water Resources Management Authority, Coast Development Authority, National Drought Management Authority, Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Ministry of Labor, Housing and Urban Development, the National Climate Change Secretariat, the National Youth Service among others. Other key stakeholders identified to facilitate an oversight and advisory roles were the GCF NDA, United Nations Development Programme, The Kenya Red Cross, Transparency international- Kenya and East Africa Network for Compliance and Enforcement (ENECE 12 CHAPTER THREE 3.1: NEMA-GCF KENYA WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS The following is summary of the presentations and plenary sessions of the workshop. 3.1: The National Designated Authority Presentation NDA desk officer articulated the GCF readiness milestone to the stakeholders. He stated that as of 6th February 2015 the GCF had received 96 initial National Designated Authority (NDA) or focal point designations. The officer informed the participants that GCF is ready to operationalize funding of programs and has already established an Accreditation Committee and Panel to accredit implementing entities (IEs) with clearly stated accreditation procedures, including the fund’s environmental and social safeguards, and fiduciary principles and standards. The National Treasury (Kenya’s NDA) gave a perceptive creation presentation on the progress on Green Climate Fund (GCF) and future work for the year 2015.The presenter gave a brief introduction on the GCF which is anoperating entity of the financial mechanism established at the 16th Conference of Parties (COP) in accordance with Article 11 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The fund is governed and supervised by the Board that has full responsibility for funding decisions under the guidance of the COP. In December 2013 the Fund established the Secretariat in Songdo, Republic of South Korea and the Trustee with administrative competence to manage its financial assets.The Fund’s objective is to promote the paradigm shift towards low-emission and climateresilient development pathways. The accreditation process shall aim at building of capacities of entities in developing countries and offer guidelines for the operationalization of the fit-for-purpose accreditation approach. Mr. Odhengo informed the key stakeholders that Kenya was one of the countries visited by the GCF readiness mission (The mission) to Africa in December 2014 with the aim of strengthening the country’s ability to make effective 13 use of climate finance. The readiness mission is also supporting countries to access resources from the Green Climate Fund through the fit-for-purpose accreditation and information dissemination to raise GCF awareness. This mission under the NDA’s coordination visited seven institutions that are earmarked for fit-for-purpose accreditation in Kenya: i. Kenya Commercial Bank (KCB) ii. Geothermal Development Corporation (GDC) iii. National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) iv. Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (MoALF): Directorate of Irrigation – MoALF v. Kenya Forest Service (KFS) vi. National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) vii. Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development (MoIED) The mission’s findings recommended NEMA for fast-track accreditation under the GCF since it is already accredited by the Adaptation Fund as the National Implementing Entity (NIE). This is in line with the GCF’s board decision to fast-track accreditation of entities previously accredited to other relevant funds. It is in view of this that NEMA is working on strengthening its capacity as NIE in coordinating and supervising government agencies to come up with a country-driven proposal through the involvement of key stakeholders in readiness for fast tracking under the GCF. The NDA representative advised the stakeholders to develop bankable concept notes that will meet the fund’s financial risk management and investment frameworks. The concept notes and investment proposals shall be reviewed by the Investment Committee for recommendation for approval by the board. The Fund will initially make allocations under adaptation, mitigation and the Private Sector Facility on first come first served bases but observing a 50:50 balance between mitigation and adaptation over time. The resource allocation system shall facilitate: Cross-cutting proposals; 14 A results-based approach; A country-driven approach; A geographically balanced approach; and Private sector mitigation and adaptation activities at the national, regional and international levels The public and private sector projects/programmes undertaken using the Fund’s resources will be evaluated against the Fund’s investment criteria whereby: 1. Proposals for adaptation, the funds will be allocated based on: (i) The ability of a proposed activity to demonstrate its potential to adapt to the impacts of climate change in the context of promoting sustainable development and a paradigm shift (Degree to which the proposed activity can catalyse impact beyond a one-off project or programme investment); and (ii) The urgent and immediate needs of vulnerable countries, in particular LDCs, SIDS and African States 2. Proposals for mitigation, resources will be allocated based on the ability of a proposed activity to demonstrate its potential to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the context of promoting a paradigm shift. 3. Private Sector Facility proposals will be considered based on the contribution a proposed activity makes towards promoting a paradigm shift and to: (i) Directly and indirectly finance private sector mitigation to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to the impacts of climate change activities; and (ii) Promoting the participation of private sector actors in developing countries, in particular local actors, including small and medium-sized enterprises and local financial intermediaries, and activities to enable private sector involvement in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). 15 A country specific logical framework for results management with indicators to measure the impact of the Fund on strategic improvements shall be designed by the Fund. As of the time of the presentation the Funds had received over USD 10.2 Billion pledges. The Fund’s main inputs are from: developed country parties to the Convention; a variety of other sources, public and private, including alternate sources. As the Kenya’s NDA to the fund, treasury is keen on undertaking five Readiness Actions (RAS) to meet the June 2015 concept note submission to the Fund: 1. Steer the accreditation processes for National Implementing Entities (NIEs) and Executing Entities (EEs) 2. Development and preparation of the project pipeline for June 2015 submission: technical assistance needed to bring priority projects to bankability. 3. Meeting with IEs and EEs 4. Introduction to the Project Concept Note (PCN) and Project Appraisal Document (PAD) (full request template) 5. Identify gaps and opportunities that the GCF secretariat can assist to facilitate the preparation of the projects. 2.1.1 The accreditation processes for National Implementing Entities (NIEs) The NDA is guiding NEMA for Fast-track Accreditation and four other institutions through the normal Accreditation process: Geothermal Development Company (GDC) Kenya Commercial Bank (KCB) Africa Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS) Acumen Fund Inc. For the development and preparation of the project pipeline for June 2015 submission the DNA has issued six letters of no objection to four EEs namely: 16 2.1.2 GDC: 2 Concept Note (Silali & Menengai geothermal projects) Mo AL: 1 Galana/ Kulau Irrigation Scheme project NDMA: 1 ASAL Climate Resilience Program MoIED: 2 Development of Coconut Value Chain; Introduction to the Project Concept Note (PCN) Mr. Odhengo in great profundity took the stakeholders through the GCF Project Funding Proposal Concept Note requirements and how to make bankable concepts. Thereafter, there was a plenary with great correspondence form the stakeholders on any questions related to the PCN. The presenter articulately responded to the concerns raised and the stakeholders indicated satisfaction and understanding. The NDA advised the stakeholders that there are four project classes: Micro, small, Medium and Large that NEMA can apply with room for upgrading from one class to another upon gaining the necessary experience (Table 1).He further encouraged NEMA and the key stakeholders that the Fund is presenting a great opportunity for the country that cannot afford to miss. This is because the fund is ambitious, flexible and scalable, have a country-driven and owned approach with direct and other access modalities, and leverage additional public and private resources through the operational modalities of the Fund, including through the private sector facility. Table 1: Size of project/activity within a programme Class Total Projected Costs* Micro Up to and including US$10 million Small Above US$ 10 million and up to and including US$ 50 million Medium Above US$ 50 million and up to and including US$ 250 million Large above US$ 250 million 17 * At the time of application, irrespective of the portion that is funded by the Fund and, if applicable, other sources, for an individual project or activity within a programme. 2.2 The National Climate Change Secretariat The National Climate Change Secretariat (NCCS) representative from the ministry of environment, water and natural resources (MEWNR) Ms. Fatuma M. Hussein, gave a presentation /synopsis of climate change mainstreaming in the national development policy and priority areas for climate change interventions in the country. On a brief contextual setup of climate change scenario in Kenya, Ms. Fatuma stated that the country is very vulnerable to climate change impacts with droughts and floods been the adverse impacts that bar the realization of sustainable development. This is because Kenya’s economy depends largely on climate sensitive sectors with low adaptive capacities; Agriculture, Energy, Tourism. As a result, climate change impacts costs ~2.6% of the national GDP annually. To mainstream climate change in the national policy and legal framework the Constitution of Kenya, 2010 elevates issues of environment and development as human rights, which effectively lay a firm foundation for climate change work. The Constitution requires that all existing policies, laws and other instruments be aligned to it. Climate change has been well addressed in the Vision 2030 – medium term plan II (MTP II). As a guide to strengthen and focus nationwide action towards climate change adaptation and mitigation, the Kenya National Climate Response Strategy (NCCRS) was developed in 2010 followed by National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP 2013-2017) to implement the NCCRS. The National Adaptation Plan (NAP) is on its final stages. A Legal Preparedness Assessment Report (LPAR) by the NCCS has identified Gaps, barriers, contradictions and opportunities presented in 90 national policies and laws in different sectors relevant to climate change. As a result, the LPAR recommended reforms to address climate change adaptation and mitigation: 18 (i) Standalone Coherent Climate Change Policy, (ii) Climate Change law, (iii) Miscellaneous Amendments, and, (iv) Institutional reforms. The country’s adaptation efforts have so far resulted to over 300 adaptation actions in the Adaptation Technical Analysis Reports (ATAR) clustered around several sectors’ Medium Term Plans (MTPs). A crosscutting analysis of these ATAR has prioritised six sectors that have great abatement potential and if taken up can reduce the national GHG emissions from 117 Mt CO2e to 34 Mt CO2e by the year 2030 as illustrated in Figure 1 and Table 2.These priority areas in descending order of their abatement potential are Forestry, Electricity, Transportation, Energy demand, Agriculture and Industrial processes. The National Climate Change Secretariat commended the priority areas for GCF concepts for they are the country’s priorities in climate change adaptation and mitigation. Figure 1: Kenya’s abatement potential (source: NCCS) 19 Table 2Relating low-carbon strategies with sustainable development per priority sector (Source: NCCS) Low carbon option Abatement Investment potential by 2030 costs to 2030 Restoration of forests 32.6 MtCO2e Ksh 186 – 290 on degraded lands billion Sustainable development impacts - Contributes to 10% tree cover goal - Biodiversity benefits - Sustainable forest products contribute to improved livelihoods Geothermal 14.1 MtCO2e Ksh 877 – 1,115 - Energy security, economic growth, Climate resilience Reforestation of 6.1 MtCO2e degraded forests Ksh 48 – 61 - billion Sustained water availability (generation of hydropower) - Biodiversity benefits - Sustainable forest products contribute to improved livelihoods Improved cookstoves 5.6 + 1.7 MtCO2e Ksh 20 billion and LPG cookstoves - Health benefits from reduced indoor air pollution 20 Agroforestry 4.1 MtCO2e Ksh 70 – 117 - Lower fuelwood demand and deforestation - Potential cost savings to households - Increased soil fertility and crop yields, billion improving livelihoods of farmers and food security - Improved climate resilience - Contributes to goal of 10% tree over on farms BRT with LRT corridors 2.8 MtCO2e Ksh 170 billion 21 - Reduced traffic congestion - Improved local air quality - Improved road safety 2.3 Kenya’s Climate Finance Readiness: Key findings & priorities for support by Government of Germany The Germany’s climate finance readiness support coordinator to Kenya Mr. Ranja presented the opportunities available for Kenya in readiness for accessing GCF. He noted that the Government of Germany committed €40m in Durban for climate finance readiness support. The fund is implemented through UNDP/UNEP/WRI (BMUB) on one hand and GIZ/KfW (BMZ) on the other hand in over 20 countries. The Purpose of the readiness fund is to bridge the gap before the time that GCF can disburse funds. Kenya falls in the Part of the funding allocated to BMUB: €15M divided amongst the 3 partner agencies supporting 9 countries: Phase 1: Benin, Ghana, Colombia, El Salvador, Fiji Phase 2: Kenya, Nepal, Philippines, Uzbekistan The BMUB Readiness Programme is actively supporting institutional capacity building & strategic preparation enhancement before the full operationalization of the fund. It is also assisting the development of a pipeline of programmes/projects in line with national climate change priorities and also it is facilitating private sector investment in the nine countries of operation. The programme is working with key domestic stakeholders responsible for the access, management & monitoring of climate finance in each country to best serve the country needs, in a close dialogue that will enable country ownership. In Kenya the programme working with the NDA: the treasury, the proposed Implementing Entity(ies) (NEMA) and Executing Entity(ies). 22 2.4 The above presentations laid a very solid basis for drafting the concept notes. 3 Concept Notes Development 3.1 Methodology The methodology employed is drafting the concept notes was that of thematic group formation. The workshop participants resolved to form thematic groups as they exist in GCF concept note template. These thematic areas are i. Energy access and power generation ii. Buildings, cities, industries, appliances and waste management iii. Transport iv. Forestry and land use v. Livelihoods of people and communities vi. Resilience of infrastructure and built environment vii. Ecosystems and ecosystem services After identifying the thematic areas, the facilitator divided members into seven groups based on individuals’ area of expertise or interest. Inside the groups, participants engaged in brainstorming and knowledge sharing while simultaneously generating the project ideas. These ideas, once agreed upon as a priority area, would be populated into the standard ‘project funding proposal concept note template. All these concept notes were presented in a plenary and feedback was given. This process culminated in 7 draft concept notes as described below; 23 3.1.1 Concept Note 1; Investments in green energy access and power generation in Kenya This projects aims are to introduce innovative ways of accessing green energy and power generation. The specified intervention areas in this project involves technology transfer i.e. use of bio fuels, enhancing existing fuels, access to energy saving bulbs, access to solar energy, wind energy and hydroelectricity. Objectives of the project are to increase green energy access to the population and the percentage of power generated through clean technologies. The project cost was estimated at USD 10 million, while the duration for execution is 3 to 5 years. 3.1.2 Concept Note 2; Transitioning Kenyan cities to green cities The concept note falls in the larger theme on Buildings, cities, industries, appliances and waste management. This proposed intervention areas are rainwater harvesting, waste management, non-motorized transport and promoting efficient production systems in industries. Strategies include rooftop catchment and storm water capture and storage, segregation of waste in order to capture the organic waste stream in its pure form for purposes of methane production and composting to produce organic fertilizer. The proposal also included a proposal to invest in Mass rapid in the major cities of Kenya... The project needs an estimated amount of 250 million USD while full implementation will take about 5 years. 3.1.3 Concept Note 3; Greenhouse gas emissions reduction in the transport sector in Kenya This concept proposes establishment of Metropolitan Region Bus Rapid Transit System, improving navigation capabilities in air traffic management, inland lakes oil spills response contingency plan, development of railway infrastructure for mass rapid transport in Nairobi and other major towns and extension of existing pipeline infrastructure. The benefits include reduced inter-city congestion, improved air quality and increased airspace capacity and more flexible routing, faster response times to pilot requests and fewer ground delays. The estimated implementation period is 5 years. 24 3.1.4 Concept Note 4; Improving climate resilience through best forestry and land use practices in Kenya The proposed intervention areas improving the quality of our urban environment by transforming main metropolises into garden cities/towns, sustainable management of forests and trees outside the forest and institutional capacity development and knowledge management. The estimated project cost is 5 million USD and execute duration is 5 years. The current budget allocation towards forest-based climate change resilient programs (NCCAP and NCCRS) is inadequate hence the need for GCF contribution. The key sectors dependent on forests include crop and livestock, agriculture, energy, tourism and water resources. Forests and trees are therefore important to maintaining the quality of the environment while providing public goods and services. In Kenya however, they provide the bulk of energy used through wood-fuel, and this results in their overexploitation and consequently environmental degradation. This project proposes to encompass a three throng approach with an objective to integrate sound environmental management practices in Kenya while achieving economic development that meets needs of the present generation without compromising needs of future generations... 3.1.5 Concept Note 5; An Integrated Approach to improving the Livelihoods of Vulnerable Communities in ASALs of Kenya. This project entails promoting climate smart agriculture as an alternative livelihood by introducing indigenous food crops, fast maturing crops, improved storage methods and research on drought resistant crops varieties. Under health the project will promote access to primary health care and capacity building on preventive health care. The objective is to strengthen the vulnerable communities’ resilience and capacity to cope with the effects of climate change on health, food and water security while the benefits will be realized in form of improved health and livelihood of the vulnerable communities. The estimated project cost is 2 million USD while the duration is 4 years. 25 3.1.6 Concept Note 6: Kenya Climate Resilient infrastructure Project. This project proposed interventions are on water, energy, communication and health infrastructure. Rehabilitation of existing sewer systems coupled with water harvesting techniques, recycling water, promoting efficient irrigation and development of risk based flood management tools to curb river flooding. Energy infrastructure on the other hand is to be improved by promoting energy-efficient technologies and complementing the energy mix with renewable energy sources. Another dimension of critical importance to the project is upgrading transport management services and an expansion of the transport network to reduce overreliance on road transport. Lastly, health care systems ought to be improved and expanded to manage the uncontrollable health impacts of climate change. This project will assist in the implementation of transitioning the economy towards a lowcarbon economy. The project requires 104.4 million USD and is to run for 5 years. 3.1.7 Concept Note 7; Improved resilience and productivity of ecosystem for goods and services This particular project cuts across both adaptation and mitigation and intends to address vulnerability of wetlands ecosystems, coastal ecosystems and agricultural landscapes. To achieve this proposed measures to be taken include wetland rehabilitation, promoting sustainable use of both marine and wetland resources, and increased resilience in ASALs through water harvesting, sinking of boreholes and dung collection. Foreseen benefits of the projects include enhanced adaptive capacity of targeted communities, improved delivery of wetland resources, disaster risk reduction, reduced GHG emissions and enhanced recharging of underground aquifers through percolation, for wetland ecosystems. For marine ecosystems benefits will be realized in terms of increased fish stocks, community participation in ecosystem conservation, enhanced carbon sequestration, increased food and nutritional security, flood protection and erosion control. Agricultural landscapes will benefit from increased water harvesting as well as dung collection and distribution. The estimated project cost is 30 million USD, to last for about 5 years and GCF contribution is required to accelerate climate change adaptation especially 26 due to the increasing vulnerability of Kenya’s ecosystems which require urgent attention. 4 CONCEPT NOTES SUBMISSION TO NDA AND GCF Step 1: Concepts rationalisation at NEMA NEMA undertook a rationalisation process of the concepts developed during the workshop. In rationalising these concepts a decision was taken to combine some of concept areas and generated an integrated programme. It was observed that some aspects were much related, and could not be implemented in isolation. It was also noted that there were elements of repetition in some of the developed project concept notes. Combining some of the proposed concept notes would be more efficient and deliver higher value of money. Guided by these aspects, and drawing from past experiences, NEMA’s NIE technical team combined the proposed concept notes and developed 3 concept notes on three programme areas. It is conceived that these concept notes will give rise to programmes proposals once the full proposal development is done. In undertaking this, care was observed so that all the ideas got captured Step 2: Endorsement by NDA It is planned that developed concept notes will then be presented to the NDA for Kenya which is the National Treasury for endorsement. Step 3: Submission to GCF These project concepts, after obtaining endorsement from the NDA, will be submitted to the GCF secretariat as the official concepts for funding consideration using direct access modality through NEMA in Kenya. 27 Conclusion NEMA being on a fast track accreditation mode is working towards accreditation by mid-year 2015. NEMA is also working towards qualifying for programme approval at the 11th GCF Board meeting that takes place towards the end of 2015. 28