Download Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: clinical

Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;30(3):486-90.
Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: clinical manifestations
among women in Mombasa, Kenya.
Lavreys L1, Thompson ML, Martin HL Jr, Mandaliya K, Ndinya-Achola JO, Bwayo JJ, Kreiss J.
Author information
Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, and Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
98104-2499, USA.
Abstract
The occurrence of clinical manifestations associated with primary human immunodeficiency virus
type 1 (HIV-1) infection was evaluated in a prospective cohort study of female sex workers in
Mombasa, Kenya. Among 103 women who seroconverted to HIV-1, fever, vomiting, diarrhea,
headache, arthralgia, myalgia, skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, extrainguinal lymphadenopathy,
inguinal lymphadenopathy, and vaginal candidiasis were noted significantly more frequently at
visits in which seroconversion first became evident. Eighty-one percent of seroconverting women
had >/=1 of these 11 symptoms or signs. Among 44% of the women, the acute illness was severe
enough to prevent them from working. Having >/=2 of 6 selected symptoms and signs yielded a
sensitivity of 51%, specificity of 83%, positive likelihood ratio of 3.2, and negative likelihood ratio
of 0.5 for acute HIV-1 infection. The recognition of primary HIV-1-infection illness in high-risk
populations and subsequent risk-reduction counseling could potentially reduce secondary HIV-1
transmission during this highly infectious period.
PMID:
10722432
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]