Cross-Species Infection and Characterization of Avian Hepatitis E
... viremia as well as fecal virus shedding were observed in the inoculated chickens. Contact control chickens also became infected via direct contact with inoculated ones. Avian HEV infection in chickens was found to be dose-dependent. To determine if avian HEV can infect across species, one-week old S ...
... viremia as well as fecal virus shedding were observed in the inoculated chickens. Contact control chickens also became infected via direct contact with inoculated ones. Avian HEV infection in chickens was found to be dose-dependent. To determine if avian HEV can infect across species, one-week old S ...
Smallpox Chapter (Pink Book)
... few insignificant maculopapular cutaneous lesions are present. In patients who survive for 8–10 days the hemorrhages appear in the early eruptive period, and the rash is flat and does not progress beyond the vesicular stage. ...
... few insignificant maculopapular cutaneous lesions are present. In patients who survive for 8–10 days the hemorrhages appear in the early eruptive period, and the rash is flat and does not progress beyond the vesicular stage. ...
EUROLINE Myositis-Profil 3 (IgG).
... Anti-Ku-antibody-positive patients have myositis, symptoms of scleroderma or SLE in around 40% of cases for each, and frequently also exhibit vascular manifestations. The antigens PMScl100 and PM-Scl75 also enable the identification of overlap syndrome. This disease manifests itself by a combination ...
... Anti-Ku-antibody-positive patients have myositis, symptoms of scleroderma or SLE in around 40% of cases for each, and frequently also exhibit vascular manifestations. The antigens PMScl100 and PM-Scl75 also enable the identification of overlap syndrome. This disease manifests itself by a combination ...
rhabdoviridae - Department of Library Services
... In parallel with the development of an understanding of the mode of transmission of rabies infection, the early literature reflects growing opinion that the disease could be controlled by restriction and muzzling, or quarantine, of dogs, plus the destruction of strays.765 Elimination of rabies throug ...
... In parallel with the development of an understanding of the mode of transmission of rabies infection, the early literature reflects growing opinion that the disease could be controlled by restriction and muzzling, or quarantine, of dogs, plus the destruction of strays.765 Elimination of rabies throug ...
Chronological overview of the 2009/2010 H1N1 influenza
... diseases. These outbreaks usually occur at local, regional or supraregional level and hardly ever on a national or international scale. The situation that occurred in 2009 was unusual in this respect: within a few months, the Netherlands was having to deal with the consequences of the worldwide pand ...
... diseases. These outbreaks usually occur at local, regional or supraregional level and hardly ever on a national or international scale. The situation that occurred in 2009 was unusual in this respect: within a few months, the Netherlands was having to deal with the consequences of the worldwide pand ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
... surgery as well as dosage and virulence of the virus; and the reinfection rate in multiple-cat households [66]. It is likely that kittens developing FIP do so because they are subjected to a large virus dose at a time of life when their still undeveloped immune systems are also coping with other inf ...
... surgery as well as dosage and virulence of the virus; and the reinfection rate in multiple-cat households [66]. It is likely that kittens developing FIP do so because they are subjected to a large virus dose at a time of life when their still undeveloped immune systems are also coping with other inf ...
Virion-associated cholesterol is critical for the
... by pNLA1 during cotransfection for the production of one-round replicating, luciferase reporter viruses. Prior to infection, the pNL4-3.Luc.R-E-/pNLA1 virion particles were treated with 0–0.5 mmol/l CD and purified using a 30–55% sucrose density gradient (as described previously). In some cases the ...
... by pNLA1 during cotransfection for the production of one-round replicating, luciferase reporter viruses. Prior to infection, the pNL4-3.Luc.R-E-/pNLA1 virion particles were treated with 0–0.5 mmol/l CD and purified using a 30–55% sucrose density gradient (as described previously). In some cases the ...
ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS IN CHILDHOOD: Clinical Characteristics
... Currently, there are no prognostic markers, other than some etiologies (e.g. HSV-1), that can predict the risk of developing severe illness or incomplete recovery after acute encephalitis. Furthermore, the pathogenesis such as viral entry into the CNS and the mechanism behind the neuronal damage is ...
... Currently, there are no prognostic markers, other than some etiologies (e.g. HSV-1), that can predict the risk of developing severe illness or incomplete recovery after acute encephalitis. Furthermore, the pathogenesis such as viral entry into the CNS and the mechanism behind the neuronal damage is ...
Public Health Guidelines on the Prevention and Care Facilities in Ireland 2013/2014
... Influenza is very infectious and is easily passed from person-to-person. The virus is mainly spread by an infected person coughing or sneezing. The incubation period (delay between infection and appearance of symptoms) is short, typically 1-3 days. A person can spread the virus by sneezing or coughi ...
... Influenza is very infectious and is easily passed from person-to-person. The virus is mainly spread by an infected person coughing or sneezing. The incubation period (delay between infection and appearance of symptoms) is short, typically 1-3 days. A person can spread the virus by sneezing or coughi ...
Characterization of outbreak response strategies and potential vaccine stockpile
... Table 2 lists the outbreak response assumptions for all policies analyzed in the global model base case [2] and alternative choices explored in this study. All analyses assume the same main long term global poliovirus risk management policy of at least 5 years of IPV use after OPV13 cessation in all ...
... Table 2 lists the outbreak response assumptions for all policies analyzed in the global model base case [2] and alternative choices explored in this study. All analyses assume the same main long term global poliovirus risk management policy of at least 5 years of IPV use after OPV13 cessation in all ...
Ringworm - Sunrise School Division
... Ringworm is a contagious fungus infection that can affect the scalp, the body, the feet (athlete's foot), or the nails. People can get Ringworm from: 1) direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person or pet, 2) indirect contact with an object or surface that an infected person or pet has touche ...
... Ringworm is a contagious fungus infection that can affect the scalp, the body, the feet (athlete's foot), or the nails. People can get Ringworm from: 1) direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person or pet, 2) indirect contact with an object or surface that an infected person or pet has touche ...
Are we facing new health challenges and diseases in
... Another possibility of introducing new pathogens to semi-domesticated reindeer is through contact with wildlife, such as moose, red deer and roe deer. Although many pathogens have one specific host and cannot infect other animal species, many infectious agents can have a range of possible host speci ...
... Another possibility of introducing new pathogens to semi-domesticated reindeer is through contact with wildlife, such as moose, red deer and roe deer. Although many pathogens have one specific host and cannot infect other animal species, many infectious agents can have a range of possible host speci ...
Public Health Guidelines on the Prevention and Management of
... Influenza is very infectious and is easily passed from person-to-person. The virus is mainly spread by an infected person coughing or sneezing. The incubation period (delay between infection and appearance of symptoms) is short, typically 1-3 days. A person can spread the virus by sneezing or coughi ...
... Influenza is very infectious and is easily passed from person-to-person. The virus is mainly spread by an infected person coughing or sneezing. The incubation period (delay between infection and appearance of symptoms) is short, typically 1-3 days. A person can spread the virus by sneezing or coughi ...
Rotavirus vaccines for Australian children
... with such conditions. Providers should consider the potential risks and benefits of administering rotavirus vaccine to such infants.18,27,28 While rotavirus vaccination is not recommended for infants who are severely immunocompromised, the risk for infants with less severe immunocompromising conditi ...
... with such conditions. Providers should consider the potential risks and benefits of administering rotavirus vaccine to such infants.18,27,28 While rotavirus vaccination is not recommended for infants who are severely immunocompromised, the risk for infants with less severe immunocompromising conditi ...
MEASLES FAQs - Amazon Web Services
... A: Measles is one of the most contagious of all infectious diseases; approximately 9 out of 10 susceptible persons with close contact to a measles patient will develop measles. The virus is transmitted by direct contact with infectious droplets or by airborne spread when an infected person breathes, ...
... A: Measles is one of the most contagious of all infectious diseases; approximately 9 out of 10 susceptible persons with close contact to a measles patient will develop measles. The virus is transmitted by direct contact with infectious droplets or by airborne spread when an infected person breathes, ...
Infectivity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) of plasma collected
... negative by licensed diagnostic assays and was obtained in the days just before ramp-up viremia. (A) Fifty milliliters of pre–ramp-up phase plasma from each of 5 commercial apheresis donors was infused sequentially during a single experimental procedure into chimp X355. (B) When transmission was lin ...
... negative by licensed diagnostic assays and was obtained in the days just before ramp-up viremia. (A) Fifty milliliters of pre–ramp-up phase plasma from each of 5 commercial apheresis donors was infused sequentially during a single experimental procedure into chimp X355. (B) When transmission was lin ...
10. Prevention and control of rabies in wild animals
... With successful elimination of canine rabies in Canada and the USA in the middle of the 20th century and substantial progress in prevention and control of canine rabies in Mexico, wildlife rabies began to emerge in North America, as in Europe. In contrast to other parts of the world, wildlife rabies ...
... With successful elimination of canine rabies in Canada and the USA in the middle of the 20th century and substantial progress in prevention and control of canine rabies in Mexico, wildlife rabies began to emerge in North America, as in Europe. In contrast to other parts of the world, wildlife rabies ...
Preventing the spread of disease in the EU_02032010
... developed a new approach to hygiene in the home and community, which is designed to meet 21st century needs and support new community hygiene promotion programmes. This approach is based on scientific data and risk assessment, and is known as “targeted hygiene”. The aim of this approach is to maximi ...
... developed a new approach to hygiene in the home and community, which is designed to meet 21st century needs and support new community hygiene promotion programmes. This approach is based on scientific data and risk assessment, and is known as “targeted hygiene”. The aim of this approach is to maximi ...
Studies on the immunopathogenesis, diagnosis and control of
... old specific pathogen-free (SPF) and commercial broiler chicks (Chapter 3). The virus caused respiratory distress, depression and diarrhoea in both SPF and broiler chicks but the severity was milder in the latter. Mild head swelling was observed in one infected broiler chick at 15 days post infectio ...
... old specific pathogen-free (SPF) and commercial broiler chicks (Chapter 3). The virus caused respiratory distress, depression and diarrhoea in both SPF and broiler chicks but the severity was milder in the latter. Mild head swelling was observed in one infected broiler chick at 15 days post infectio ...
Infectious Diseases
... Hallman et al. (1989) have shown that high concentrations of ceramide lactoside are contained in the amnionic fluid of patients with chorioamnionitis. They suggested that the lipid derives from phagocytosing granulocytes. Kirshon et al. (1991) found that patients with prenatal infection had amnionic ...
... Hallman et al. (1989) have shown that high concentrations of ceramide lactoside are contained in the amnionic fluid of patients with chorioamnionitis. They suggested that the lipid derives from phagocytosing granulocytes. Kirshon et al. (1991) found that patients with prenatal infection had amnionic ...
Australian Influenza Surveillance Report No.03, 2013
... Nam influenza activity associated with influenza A is relatively high. The United States has reported further cases of the influenza A(H3N2) variant virus that were associated with fair attendance and contact with swine. The virus detected is the same as the variant viruses detected during the 201 ...
... Nam influenza activity associated with influenza A is relatively high. The United States has reported further cases of the influenza A(H3N2) variant virus that were associated with fair attendance and contact with swine. The virus detected is the same as the variant viruses detected during the 201 ...
Vaccinia (Smallpox) Vaccine
... a 2–3 day prodrome of high fever, malaise, and prostration with severe headache and backache. This preeruptive stage is followed by the appearance of a maculopapular rash (i.e., eruptive stage) that progresses to papules 1–2 days after the rash appears; vesicles appear on the fourth or fifth day; pu ...
... a 2–3 day prodrome of high fever, malaise, and prostration with severe headache and backache. This preeruptive stage is followed by the appearance of a maculopapular rash (i.e., eruptive stage) that progresses to papules 1–2 days after the rash appears; vesicles appear on the fourth or fifth day; pu ...
EID Cover - Antimicrobe.org
... (p = 0.03); however, their weight loss was significant (p = 0.045). Another significant difference was increased contact with sand boxes for case-patients (p = 0.002); however, the size of the group analyzed was small, and these data should be confirmed. Children infected with T. whipplei were co-in ...
... (p = 0.03); however, their weight loss was significant (p = 0.045). Another significant difference was increased contact with sand boxes for case-patients (p = 0.002); however, the size of the group analyzed was small, and these data should be confirmed. Children infected with T. whipplei were co-in ...
Pandemic Influenza - Facilitator`s Manual
... resources. CDC has alerted hospitals, physicians, and other healthcare and public health entities to prepare for a potential pandemic influenza outbreak in the United States. Over the next two months, August and September 2010, the number of human cases increased as more cases appeared in various ar ...
... resources. CDC has alerted hospitals, physicians, and other healthcare and public health entities to prepare for a potential pandemic influenza outbreak in the United States. Over the next two months, August and September 2010, the number of human cases increased as more cases appeared in various ar ...
Dengue
... worldwide and causing larger and more frequent epidemics, especially in cities in the tropics. The emergence of dengue as a major public health problem has been most dramatic in the western hemisphere. Dengue fever has reached epidemic levels in Central America and is threatening the ...
... worldwide and causing larger and more frequent epidemics, especially in cities in the tropics. The emergence of dengue as a major public health problem has been most dramatic in the western hemisphere. Dengue fever has reached epidemic levels in Central America and is threatening the ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.