Download CHNOPS Bubblegram

Who Stole Our CHNOPS?????
Cliff arrived early because it was HIS turn to prep the mascot, CHNOPS. The poor
thing had been in storage a while, and was no doubt looking kind of ratty.
Nevertheless, it WAS the band mascot; so a little spring-cleaning was in order.
CHNOPS was one-of-a-kind sort of special. He was plump, not hairy at all, with four
long legs, a long nose, freckles, a short tail, orange spotted skin sort of special. And
because of all that specialness, CHNOPS was locked safely in the double-secret
storage cage behind the tubas. In a special box. Cliff had to practically sign away his
first-born, which he did not have, in order to just get the key. He practiced a cool
beat-boxing riff he got from watching Felix Zenger, the beatboxer, on Youtube at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yy2UfR1crwA while he twisted the key in the
lock, slid the door open, and
gasped. The gasp was
pretty good. It was a bass and had
a nice snare quality to
it. Cliff turned on the light switch
and gasped for real
this time. The special box, the
CHNOPS’s home, was
carelessly tossed into a corner and
there was no sign of
him. Lost, so very lost!
Cliff did the only thing he could think of in times of stress…he called Zelda for help.
She answered on the first ring. “Speak to me.”
C: “Uh, Zelda, I have a situation down here in the storage area. Could you come down
and sort of help?”
Z: “Be right there.”
Zelda raced off from helping the freshman collecting money at the fundraising car
wash and arrived at ‘The Cage’ moments later.
C: “Zelda. Thanks for coming so quickly. I thought I could use a little help with my ah,
problem here. He’s missing.”
Z: “He? He who?”
C: “Well, you know, CHNOPS.”
Z: “Oh my gosh. Not CHNOPS!”
C: “Yes, he’s gone. I’ll never be able to hold my head up again. I’ve lost CHNOPS!”
Z: “Look, Clifford (Zelda ALWAYS called him by his full name), there’s some
big footprints. And gasp, a ransom note telling what they want in order to return
CHNOPS. “
C: “Now I know I’m a’goner. How much is it for? Maybe I can make payments that
will coincide with my summer lawn care income.”
Z: “Sorry buddy, don’t think that’s happenin’. It’s for all your money.”
C: “Alas, poor CHNOPS, I knew him well.”
Z: “Hey, that’s from Shakespeare, well almost. I really think you mean, ‘Alas
poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio.’ Here’s a Youtube of Kenneth Branagh doing
Hamlet and praising Yorick…https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXixlEy5Gfc.”
C: “I think I’m going to be in the same shape as Yorick if I don’t find the CHNOPS.
Look heresome footprints that are really hefty. I’ll bet they came from CHNOPS.
He has pretty long legs and quite a rotund, or round, body. But I don’t see any other
prints. I wonder what happened. And the abductor wants tons of money for
CHNOPS’ safe return. What can I do? What if CHNOPS gets hurt? What if…I sound
CHNOPS
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like you Zelda! No offense, but you are always wondering, ‘what if…’ I’m scared,
Zelda.”
Footprints:
Ransom Note:
Musical Notes:
Z: “We have to notify the authorities, get together a complete description of
CHNOPS, a recent photo, and make posters to post. You call the police, I’ll notify the
school authorities since the theft took place on school property. We’ll get the Band
Historian, Fawn, to get a good picture of CHNOPS for the poster. Let’s meet back
here in ½ hour.”
LATER…
C: “I notified, I flustered about, and I answered questions from the police. Do we
have the poster ready yet? If we do, I can start putting them up all over the school
and the neighborhood.”
“Okay, what do we know about him? “
Z:
 His DNA is a double helix, coiled
like a spring to save space.
 DNA is in every cells’ nucleus.
 DNA nucleotides are a
phosphate, sugar, and base.
 The bases pairs are bonded in
complementary (opposites)
pairs because of their shapes:
A-T, C-G.
 The sugar: de (without) oxy
(Oxygen), ribose (the type of
sugar).
 The phosphates and sugars
never change, but the bases can
be arranged in an infinite
variety.
 In order for him to grow, his
DNA went through replication
when new copies of DNA were
made from the original
template.
CHNOPS

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Using enzymes, the DNA base pair
Hydrogen bonds break and the
DNA splits apart.
This looks like a fork, so it is called
the replication fork. It is at this
location that the new DNA
nucleotides bond to their
complementary bases.



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The result will be two complete
double helix structures instead of
one.
Each one will have an original, and a
new strand
See?-----------------------------------

STOP: Do # 3, 8, 13, 20, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 43, 45, 47, 48, 50.
C: “Oooooooo, good start. But I don’t think that’s quite what is going to be helpful in
finding CHNOPS. I mean, I can’t SEE any of that.”
Z: “You’re right. We need to move on past replication and go right to protein
synthesis, or making proteins. Come on Clifford, kick in some facts here.”
C: “Well I know that:
 A chromatid and a chromatid make a chromosome.
 Chromosomes carry genes.
 One gene codes for one protein.
 One protein is made up of many
amino acids.
 Amino acids come from our food,
which gets broken down during
metabolism.
 There are twenty essential amino
acids needed for life functions.
STOP!! Do # 4, 16, 22, 25, 26, 40, 42.
AND…
In order for the correct proteins to be made, there are two steps that are followed in
protein synthesis, the making of proteins: transcription and translation.
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Transcription: Making mRNA
The Whole Enchilada
 At the gene location, using
enzymes, the DNA base pair
Hydrogen bonds break and the
DNA splits apart.
 Nucleotides of mRNA are bonded to
a single DNA strand (the sense
strand).
 The mRNA is the messenger that
carries the code for the
arrangement of amino acids from
the DNA in the nucleus to the
ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
 Messenger RNA is single stranded
and has the base Uracil instead of
Thymine.
Enchilada, yum.
Here are the human chromosomes. Notice that
there are dark bands on each of them. Each of
these bands will code for specific proteins. It’s
the arrangement of bases that make an infinite
number of different proteins that gives such
variety to all living things.
Chromosomes and their Genes
STOP!! Do # 1, 7, 21, 41, 44, 46, 49.
Translation: Making Proteins
C: “Ok, now I think we’re finally getting somewhere. I just don’t know where yet.”
Z: “Oh, I think I know where this is going, and we’re getting there pretty fast.
Look at The Whole Enchilada figure again. See that we really have only explained
the stuff that’s happening in the nucleus so far. But the location of actually making
proteins, which will be our characteristics or traits, takes place in the cytoplasm at
the ribosomes. Ready, set, go for the gold and CHNOPS’ description based on his
DNA which codes for his proteins, which gives him his physical appearance!”
CHNOPS
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 As soon as the mRNA is made from the sense strand of DNA, it detaches and
exits the nucleus through the small pores in the nuclear membrane.
 mRNA then goes to the cytoplasm, the jelly-like substance that helps to hold
the cell organelles in place.
 The ribosomes are in the cytoplasm. Sometimes the ribosomes are attached
to the Endoplasmic Reticulum, which gives it a rough appearance. Therefore,
it’s called the rough ER.
 The ribosomes act as a factory line, where the mRNA is like a conveyor belt,
taking the base through, three at a time.
 The three bases are a codon and will code for one amino acid.
 The codon AUG has special significance because it tells the ribosome that it
should start assembling the amino acids. It codes for the amino acid
Methionine, or Met. It is called the ‘Start’ codon. So all proteins have Met as
their first amino acid. Notice that we only use the first three letters of the
amino acids. Look at the amino acid chart and find the amino acids for the
next three codons: CGA, UAU, GGC. Write the three amino acids (using only
the first three letters) under your name on the answer sheet.
mRNA Amino Acid Chart
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As the mRNA travels through the ribosomes, the transfer RNA (tRNA) brings
the correct amino acids, which then bonds to the previous amino acid,
forming a chain.
The tRNA has a specific shape that only fits one specific amino acid.
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 On the other end of the tRNA, are three bases. These are the anti codons,
which will be the complementary bases to the mRNA’s codon bases.
 As the amino acids detach from the tRNA, they bond with the amino acid next
to it with a special bond called a peptide bond. Many, many amino acids are
needed for a protein, therefore, many peptide bonds are needed. What is the
prefix that means ‘many’? Right! Poly. Therefore, polypeptide bonds hold all
of the amino acids together in the growing protein.
 The mRNA carries a STOP signal that ends the growing chain of amino acids.
 The amino acids then detach and is called the chain, which is its primary
structure.
 The chain then folds like pleats, which is the secondary structure.
 The pleats the twist and is the tertiary structure.
 The twist then twists again and is the quaternary structure.
 This is the functional form (that means that is has to be this particular shape)
in order to work.
Here’s the dance from the 60’s called Twist. It was known for creating severe back
injuries, and making people look really, really silly while pretending to enjoy
themselves. Here’s the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iS0wuN_6wyw.
STOP!! Do # 2, 5, 6, 9,
10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18,
19, 27, 28, 29, 36, 40.
C: Now I think I see where you are going. The DNA bases, mRNA codons, tRNA
anticodons, and the amino acids go into making all of CHNOPS’ traits? Wow. Well, on
his bio sheet for the police, we can list the traits now. They are: hairless, plump,
four-legged, long nose, freckles, orange skin, long legs, short tail, and spots. Oh, and
he likes pizza. I’ll get the info, wait. What’s in the window? It’s CHNOPS! He got away
from his abductor and came home to us! Welcome back, little buddy! ”
CHNOPS: I’m sorry. I was foolish. I didn’t think I was needed anymore since I was in
the supply room for so long and no one brought me pizza. I think I sort of staged my
own kidnapping just because I wanted to feel needed again. But as soon as you got
my ransom note, I couldn’t believe how everyone pitched in and tried to help find
me. Now I feel terrible!”
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C and Z: “Oh, we’re just so happy to have you home to be our mascot. Band wouldn’t
be band without our CHNOPS.”
Bio page for Clifford:


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Clifford has been with the band since middle school when he helped carry the
banner (he was too young to play his instrument at the time).
Clifford is 6’2”, has a unibrow, hitchhiker’s thumb, widow’s peak, wavy dark
brown hair, and hazel eyes. He can make his tongue into a clover-leaf, which
is in itself pretty amazing.
Clifford loves to practice with the band. His favorite instruments are the
symbols and the glockenspiel.
Glockenspiel
Cat Who USED to Be Mascot
STOP!! Do #17, 37.
Clover-Leaf Tongue
Symbols
Widow’s Peak
Who Stole Our CHNOPS Bgram Questions
1. Carries amino acid sequence message from DNA in the nucleus to the
ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
2. The second step in protein synthesis in which the amino acids are brought to
the ribosomes and bonded together to form the protein.
3. A demand for money in return for CHNOPS.
4. These molecules come from your food. They get transferred by the tRNA to
the ribosomes to be bonded together in long chains to form proteins.
5. Hamburger buns without sesame seeds. Site of protein synthesis in the
cytoplasm.
6. This molecule moves the amino acids to the ribosomes.
7. The first step in protein synthesis in which the mRNA is made from the
template of DNA.
8. The name of the mascot. Also refers to the elements in proteins: Carbon
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous, and Sulfur.
9. The special type of bond that holds many amino acids together to form the
protein. Very enthusiastic people, effect of moon on ocean.
10. The series of bases on the tRNA that are complementary to mRNA.
11. The jelly-like substance that holds organelles in place. Also location of tons of
ribosomes, nucleus, ER, Golgi, etc.
12. Signals the beginning of protein synthesis. There is only one of these.
13. This is what happens to the weak Hydrogen bonds.
14. The primary structure of a protein. Long strand of amino acids in a row.
15. This signals the end of protein synthesis. There are three of them.
16. The number of essential amino acids that originate in your food. Will be
reassembled to form proteins.
17. The instrument that Clifford likes to play that looks a little like a xylophone.
18. This particular characteristic influences the function of molecules.
19. Small openings in the nuclear membrane (through which mRNA fits).
20. The process of DNA making a copy of itself in order to replace worn out cells
or to grow.
21. The single DNA strand that actually gets copied onto mRNA. The other strand
does not get copied.
22. The two arms of Phosphate, sugars, and bases, which carry genes.
23. The term meaning: Having one less oxygen on its sugar, found in the nucleus,
low on the pH scale.
24. A subunit of DNA consisting of a Phosphate sugar, and base.
25. This macromolecule codes for one trait.
26. The macromolecule of which your body is made up of.
27. In protein synthesis, the secondary structure of a protein is this.
28. The organelle to which ribosomes attach in the cytoplasm. Provides
additional surface area for processes to occur. Because ribosomes attach, it
has a certain kind of appearance.
29. A group of three mRNA bases, ‘read’ as a group. Codes for an amino acid as
part of the protein synthesis process.
30. The final form of the protein; also called quaternary structure.
31. The sweet part of a nucleotide that does not change.
32. The opposite. NOT: Ohhhhhhhh, you look good tonight!
33. One of the nucleotide components of the upright. Does not change.
34. The shape of the DNA indicating the number of strands. Sometimes called a
twisted staircase in this shape.
35. The organelle enclosed in a membrane that houses rRNA, DNA, and where
mRNA is made.
36. The final protein shape.
37. Kind of scary hairline that comes to a point between your eyes.
38. The active area when DNA has split, and new DNA nucleotides are coming to
bond.
39. There are four of these in DNA, A-T, C-G.
40. The process of breaking down your sugar to release open.
41. The process of making proteins.
42. One ‘arm’ of a chromosome.
43. Means to be used as a pattern.
44. The base that replaces ‘T’ in mRNA and tRNA.
45. The element that has one more of itself in the sugars of RNA than DNA.
46. DNA is double stranded and mRNA is _______ ________.
47. Meaning ‘without’, or ‘less’.
48. Shape that is spring-like.
49. The reason that the four bases create such variety in living things.
50. The RNA sugar.
CHNOPS Bgram Answers
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CHNOPS
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