Download Cells to Systems

Cells to Systems
Chapter 2
Fifth Grade Science
Cells and their functions
- _________are
the basic building blocks of life.
Cells
-basic unit of structure and function in an organisms
Microscopic
- ____________-cannot
be seen with the naked eye
Unicellular
-________________Single
celled (bacteria)
Multicellular
- _________________Many
cells that are
specialized to do certain tasks.
Example: muscle and nerve cells perform certain
tasks in the body to help us move and feel.
Cell functions
food
• Cells must take in __________.
• Cells must eliminate ___________.
wastes
growth
• Cells must use food for __________and
repair
______
of wounds.
respond
• Cells sense and _____________
to changes in
their surroundings.
• Cells work together with other cells for a
specialized
__________________life
function.
Cells Need Energy
• Cells get energy through the process of
Cell Respiration
_______________.
food
• Cell Respiration is the taking in of _________
and ____________
in order to get energy.
oxygen
• Cells need energy for:
growth
– ____________
moving
– ____________
Dividing to make new cells
– _____________________
Organelles
Organelles
• _______________are
structures that perform
specific functions within a cell.
• Organelles in an animal cell:
Nucleus
__________-”control
center” of the cell,
Directs the cells activities, Contains the cells
operating instructions, Stores information
that will be passed along to new cells.
Inside the Nucleus
__________________-Contain
DNA
Chromosomes
-carry the instructions for the cell to do its job
-chromosomes control how the whole body
grows and changes
-DNA carries genetic information
Heredity
____________-process
of passing genes from
one generation to the next
Organelles in an animal cell continued
____________Mitochondria “Powerhouse of the cell” 8convert
the chemical energy from food into a form that
the cell can use
Cell Membrane
_____________-surrounds
the cell and maintains
the internal environment of the cell by allowing
food to enter and wastes to exit.
Vacuole
_____________Contains
fluid, Surrounded by a
membrane, Store water and nutrients, Help the
cell digest food
Organelles in an animal cell continued
Cytoplasm
______________fluid
substance containing the
organelles. All the material of the cell
between the cell membrane and cell wall.
- Different kinds of cells have different
organelles. Example: Muscle cells have
Mitochondria
several ________________because
muscle
cells need a lot of energy for movement.
Skin cells have very few mitochondria.
Organelles in Plant Cells
1. ______________-rigid
wall outside of the cell
Cell wall
membrane that provides support (animal cells
do not have a cell wall!)
Vacuole
2. ______________-plant
cells have one large
vacuole. (animal cells have several smaller
vacuoles!)
3. ______________-contain
chlorophyll which is
Chloroplast
used for photosynthesis (Animal cells do not
have chloroplasts or chlorophyll because they do
not make their own food.)
How do cells work together?