Download PPT File

Chapter 13
Biotechnology
Active Lecture Questions
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
The term “genetic engineering” encompasses:
1. Deleting genes from an organism.
2. The deliberate transfer of DNA from one
organism to another organism.
3. The changing of an organism by
manipulating its DNA.
4. All of the above.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
The term “genetic engineering” encompasses:
1. Deleting genes from an organism.
2. The deliberate transfer of DNA from one
organism to another organism.
3. The changing of an organism by
manipulating its DNA.
4. All of the above.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Biotechnology is used for:
1. Making bread, beer, and wine.
2. Producing crops that are resistant to insects
or chemical herbicides.
3. Treating human diseases.
4. All of the above.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Biotechnology is used for:
1. Making bread, beer, and wine.
2. Producing crops that are resistant to insects
or chemical herbicides.
3. Treating human diseases.
4. All of the above.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How would you know if an organism is
transgenic?
1. It looks like a mutant form of the organism.
2. It has extra chromosomes from its own
genome as a result of nondisjunction.
3. It has part of another organism’s genome in
its genome.
4. Part of its genome has been deleted or
removed.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How would you know if an organism is
transgenic?
1. It looks like a mutant form of the organism.
2. It has extra chromosomes from its own
genome as a result of nondisjunction.
3. It has part of another organism’s genome in
its genome.
4. Part of its genome has been deleted or
removed.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In what process do cells undergo a natural form
of genetic engineering?
1. Transformation in meiosis
2. Transformation in mitosis
3. Crossing over in meiosis
4. Crossing over in mitosis
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In what process do cells undergo a natural form
of genetic engineering?
1. Transformation in meiosis
2. Transformation in mitosis
3. Crossing over in meiosis
4. Crossing over in mitosis
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A person is admitted to the hospital with a
bacterial disease and is treated with the
antibiotics penicillin and vancomycin. The
treatment fails. What is a possible explanation?
1. Viruses, not bacteria, respond to antibiotics.
2. The bacteria have gained resistance to these
antibiotics.
3. The bacteria have gained resistance to these
antibiotics through the transfer of
chromosomes.
4. The person is immune to the bacteria.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A person is admitted to the hospital with a
bacterial disease and is treated with the
antibiotics penicillin and vancomycin. The
treatment fails. What is a possible explanation?
1. Viruses, not bacteria, respond to antibiotics.
2. The bacteria have gained resistance to these
antibiotics.
3. The bacteria have gained resistance to these
antibiotics through the transfer of
chromosomes.
4. The person is immune to the bacteria.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Why is there concern that the avian (bird) flu
will be an epidemic in humans?
1. The virus could jump the species barrier.
2. People eat a lot of fried chicken and can get
the bird flu by eating it.
3. Birds and humans are very closely related,
so we are susceptible to bird diseases.
4. There is no reason for concern—there is no
possibility the bird flu can spread.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Why is there concern that the avian (bird) flu
will be an epidemic in humans?
1. The virus could jump the species barrier.
2. People eat a lot of fried chicken and can get
the bird flu by eating it.
3. Birds and humans are very closely related,
so we are susceptible to bird diseases.
4. There is no reason for concern—there is no
possibility the bird flu can spread.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
An investigator finds semen at a crime scene. The
specimen is dried out, and the sample contains
only one cell. What technique could make copies
of the DNA from this cell?
1. Gel electrophoresis
2. Plasmid transfer
3. PCR
4. DNA recombination
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
An investigator finds semen at a crime scene. The
specimen is dried out, and the sample contains
only one cell. What technique could make copies
of the DNA from this cell?
1. Gel electrophoresis
2. Plasmid transfer
3. PCR
4. DNA recombination
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Investigators try to make a DNA fingerprint
from a sample collected at a crime scene. Why
are primers used in this technique?
1. Primers prepare the DNA by making it unwind and
unzip, separating the double strands.
2. Primers cut out the DNA immediately surrounding
STRs.
3. Primers bind to DNA polymerase to jump-start the
reading of the DNA.
4. Primers bind exclusively to the DNA immediately
surrounding STRs, so DNA polymerase knows
where to start copying.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Investigators try to make a DNA fingerprint
from a sample collected at a crime scene. Why
are primers used in this technique?
1. Primers prepare the DNA by making it unwind and
unzip, separating the double strands.
2. Primers cut out the DNA immediately surrounding
STRs.
3. Primers bind to DNA polymerase to jump-start the
reading of the DNA.
4. Primers bind exclusively to the DNA immediately
surrounding STRs, so DNA polymerase knows
where to start copying.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In gel electrophoresis, why do DNA segments
move through the agarose gel?
1. The positively charged DNA backbones are
attracted to the negatively charged electrode.
2. The negatively charged DNA backbones are
attracted to the positively charged electrode.
3. The positively charged DNA nucleotides are
attracted to the negatively charged electrode.
4. The negatively charged DNA nucleotides are
attracted to the negatively charged electrode.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In gel electrophoresis, why do DNA segments
move through the agarose gel?
1. The positively charged DNA backbones are
attracted to the negatively charged electrode.
2. The negatively charged DNA backbones are
attracted to the positively charged electrode.
3. The positively charged DNA nucleotides are
attracted to the negatively charged electrode.
4. The negatively charged DNA nucleotides are
attracted to the negatively charged electrode.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A person’s DNA fingerprint reveals different
numbers of repeats at the alleles of an STR locus.
What does this finding mean?
1. The person is homozygous dominant for that
gene.
2. The person is homozygous recessive for that
gene.
3. The person is heterozygous for repeat
number at that STR locus.
4. The person is an identical twin.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A person’s DNA fingerprint reveals different
numbers of repeats at the alleles of an STR locus.
What does this finding mean?
1. The person is homozygous dominant for that
gene.
2. The person is homozygous recessive for that
gene.
3. The person is heterozygous for repeat
number at that STR locus.
4. The person is an identical twin.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
To insert the gene for insect resistance into a corn
plant, use _____________ to cut the Bt gene out
of the organism Bacillus thuringiensis and
__________ to insert the gene into a plasmid.
1. DNA ligase; DNA polymerase
2. DNA polymerase; DNA ligase
3. Restriction enzymes; DNA ligase
4. DNA polymerase; restriction enzymes
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
To insert the gene for insect resistance into a corn
plant, use _____________ to cut the Bt gene out
of the organism Bacillus thuringiensis and
__________ to insert the gene into a plasmid.
1. DNA ligase; DNA polymerase
2. DNA polymerase; DNA ligase
3. Restriction enzymes; DNA ligase
4. DNA polymerase; restriction enzymes
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which of the following benefits is NOT
associated with GMOs?
1. Longer shelf life of fruits and vegetables
2. Higher nutrient content in crops
3. Reduced amounts of chemicals required to
kill weeds
4. Smaller crop yields of higher quality from
transgenic crops
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which of the following benefits is NOT
associated with GMOs?
1. Longer shelf life of fruits and vegetables
2. Higher nutrient content in crops
3. Reduced amounts of chemicals required to
kill weeds
4. Smaller crop yields of higher quality from
transgenic crops
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which potential situation is NOT associated with
GMOs?
1. Allergic reactions to transgenic foods could occur.
2. All transgenic animals are sterile and cannot mate
with wild populations.
3. Super weeds (herbicide-resistant weeds) could
develop, because resistance spreads from
transgenic crops to weeds.
4. New genetic diseases and health risks could occur.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which potential situation is NOT associated with
GMOs?
1. Allergic reactions to transgenic foods could occur.
2. All transgenic animals are sterile and cannot mate
with wild populations.
3. Super weeds (herbicide-resistant weeds) could
develop, because resistance spreads from
transgenic crops to weeds.
4. New genetic diseases and health risks could occur.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How do scientists use normally harmful viruses
to treat diseases such as cystic fibrosis without
causing a viral disease?
1. They insert the gene for the treatment of cystic
fibrosis into the viral DNA but do not otherwise alter
the virus.
2. They insert the gene for the treatment of cystic
fibrosis, then treat the patient with antibiotics.
3. They genetically engineer the virus to make it
harmless, then insert the gene for the treatment of
cystic fibrosis into the virus.
4. They genetically engineer the virus to insert the
genes for the treatment of both viral disease and
cystic fibrosis.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How do scientists use normally harmful viruses
to treat diseases such as cystic fibrosis without
causing a viral disease?
1. They insert the gene for the treatment of cystic
fibrosis into the viral DNA but do not otherwise alter
the virus.
2. They insert the gene for the treatment of cystic
fibrosis, then treat the patient with antibiotics.
3. They genetically engineer the virus to make it
harmless, then insert the gene for the treatment of
cystic fibrosis into the virus.
4. They genetically engineer the virus to insert the
genes for the treatment of both viral disease and
cystic fibrosis.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which phenomenon may result from the process
shown in the figure?
1. Transfer of DNA from
one host to another.
2. Transfer of mRNA from
host to virus.
3. Transfer of viral uracil
nucleotides to host
DNA.
4. Transfer of uracil
nucleotides from one
host to another.
Figure 13-2
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which phenomenon may result from the process
shown in the figure?
1. Transfer of DNA from
one host to another.
2. Transfer of mRNA from
host to virus.
3. Transfer of viral uracil
nucleotides to host
DNA.
4. Transfer of uracil
nucleotides from one
host to another.
Figure 13-2
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.