Download Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Process cells use to harvest energy
from organic compounds and
convert it into ATP
Breakdown of Glucose
C6H12O6 +6O2
6CO2 +6H2O +ATP
Oxygen makes process more
efficient
Aerobic – process that requires
oxygen
Anaerobic – process that does
not require oxygen
Cellular Respiration
Occurs in the mitochondria
Stage 1
Glycolysis
Glucose (6 Carbon molecule) is
converted into 2 pyruvate (3
Carbon molecule) and 2 ATP and
NADH (Electron carrier)
through a process called
glycolysis
Glycolysis
OCCURS IN CYTOPLASM
1 6 Carbon molecule
2 3 Carbon Pyruvate ions
2 ATP molecules
NAD+ (Electron carrier) – carries electron as
NADH and in order for Cellular Respiration to
continue NADH must donate electron
elsewhere so NAD+ can recycle
This last part is huge
Stage 2
Aerobic – Occurs in mitochondria of
eukaryote or cell membrane of
prokaryote and can produce up to
36 ATP
Anaerobic – Glycolysis – pyruvate –
lactate or ethanol and CO2
Aerobic
Pyruvate enters mitochondria
A. Krebs Cycle – Pyruvate enters the
mitochondria. enzyme assisted Rx
producing ATP, NADH, FADH2 and starts
again, CO2 is released during the Krebs
cycle Stealing Electrons to give to the
Electron Transport chain
B. Electron Transport Chain
NADH donates E to chain, protein pumps
H+ out producing concentration gradient,
H+ diffuses back in giving off energy to
add P to ADP, O2, H+ and E to make water
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Oxygen is
needed for
the final
electron
acceptor
with the
H+, to make
water
without it
the
electrons
can’t go
through
Anaerobic
Occurs because O2 is not present
to accept the electron to form
water at the end of the chain so
the electron is not transferred
from NADH and NAD+ cannot be
recycled
Fermentation
process of recycling NAD+ to an
organic H+ acceptor and just
allows glycolysis to occur
again
Lactic Acid
Pyruvate is converted into
Lactate in order for glycolysis
to continue.
If lactate builds up and is not
removed quickly enough, this
may cause muscle soreness.
Alcohol fermentation
Carried out by yeast and fungus to produce
beer, wine, milk, cheese, bread etc.
Pyruvate is broken down into Ethanol which
releases CO2 which allows glycolysis to
continue.
Pyruvate - Lactate (Lactic Acid)
Pyruvate - Ethanol and CO2
Bread, Beer, Wine