Download Eric, Amy Tyler and Nate

MACROPHAGES
The macrophages are large immune
cells that devourer or attempt to kill
every foreign substance that enters
the body. The macrophages do the
first job. They start acting to rid
the body of the virus, but many
times is not strong enough to rid the
virus itself. Then many other parts
of the system take over.
HELPER T CELLS
The Helper T cells are a set within a set
of T-Cells that identifies the virus
entering the body. If it is a virus that
has previously entered the body, after it
is recognized it is quickly fought off.
However, if it is a virus invading the
body for the first time it is identified
by the Helper T-Cells and then other
parts of the system take over.
B CELLS
Are found throughout the body and in
the Lymphnodes (where they make
antibodies). They are called by the
Helper-T cells once they’ve identified
the invader.
LYMPH NODES
Lymph nodes are small bean-like organs
of the immune system that are spread
widely throughout the body and is linked
by lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes are
defenders of B and T cells as well as
other immune cells that are found in your
body. The lymph nodes are like a
factory where the B cells develop and
grow. This is where the B cells make
antibodies.
ANTIBODIES
What are antibodies? Antibodies
are a dissolving substance (a protein
molecule) that are produced and
separated by B cells in response to
the antigen, which is capable of
sticking or binding
to that antigen.
THYMUS GLAND
Another important part of the
immune system is the thymus gland.
The thymus gland is a crucial lymphoid
organ. It is located in the upper
chest. This is where the T cells
multiply and grow. The Thymus gland
is where the T cells learns what to do
and how to act as well.
KILLER T CELLS
Killer T cells are cells that are
taught in the thymus gland. There
they learn to kill the virus that has
entered the body. The killer T cells
are the last ones to demolish the
virus.
SURPRESSOR T CELLS
Yet another crucial part of the immune
system are the suppressor T cells. They
are a set within a set that turns off your
antibody production. This means that once
your body is healthy all of the cells that
fight disease take a brake until another
virus enters your body and needs to be
fought off.
MEMORY T CELLS
Also, memory T cells are cells created
during the initial infection of the virus.
They stay behind and become memory
cells. Their job is to stay alert for future
viruses. If the same virus tries to invade
your body a second time a huge attack is
made by the memory cells and the invader
is quickly crushed. The body is now immune
to that virus.
ANTIGENS
The last and also very important
part of the system is antigens.
Antigens are any substance that
when it is introduced to the body,
is recognized by the immune
system. They are the codes on the
invader, which are unique to that
germ.
PICTURES
This is a picture
of the process a b
cell goes through.
PICTURES
This is a
picture of the
growth of a T
cell.
PICTURES
This is a picture of
the immune system
dealing with the
lymphocytes.
Viruses
Viruses are parasites
they can’t reproduce
themselves,
but they can
reproduce if they take
over cells
 The body cells die
after the virus has
taken it over.

Viruses(Continued)
 Ebola- An extremely contagious virus
causing a highly fatal fever and is spread
through the contact of bodily fluids.
 Chicken Pox- Contagious disease mostly
affecting children.
 Rabies- An infectious and often fatal viral
disease of most warm blooded animals
especially wolves, dogs and cats
Bacteria
 Bacteria help our bodies with digestion.
 99% of bacteria are good for you
Vaccines
What are Vaccines? How are they
made?Who makes Them? How do
they work?How do they prevent from
catching a virus?
What are vaccines

Vaccines are
injections that are
used to protect you
from catching
different kinds of
illness.
How are Vaccines made,Who
makes them

Each vaccine is made
a different way. The flu
vaccine is made in a
chicken egg. Scientist
first grow a germ and
then they make it a
vaccine and inject it
into humans
How do vaccines work

Vaccines work by getting an
injection of the weak form of the
disease into your body. The body
makes antibodies to fight off the
invaders. If the actual disease did
attack the body the antibodies
would be there to destroy it. There
are two type of immunization.
Vaccines and serum. Vaccines put
the diseases in your body and
serum puts antibodies in your body.
Assignment 2
 How the Immune system reacts to an
invader
Barriers
 The skin tries to block the invader for ever
entering the body.
Lymphnodes
 The B-cells and the T cells wait for a signal
 the monocytes migrate to the tissue and
become macrophages .
 The Lymphnodes are the battle areas
Macrophages
 The macrophages place antigens on the
MHC(major histocompatibility complex)
that float throughout the body telling the
helper T-cells that the body is under attack.
B-cells also can place antigens on
MHC.(antigens trigger immune response)
 after this the Macrophages and helper Tcells reproduce and go to WAR!!!
T-cells
 The T cells identify the intruder
 also the T-cells command the other cells to
take action(phagocytes,B-cells,and killer Tcells)and fight.