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Download Διαφάνεια 1 - Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
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Transcript
Immune System Innative A) Skin and Mucosal membranes B) Secreted soluble proteins Adaptive A) Cells - B lymphocytes - T lymphocytes - Lysozyme -C-creative protein B) Antigen presenting cells - Interferons - Complement system C) Cells C) Secrated chemicals - Antibodies - Macrophages - Complement - Mast cells - Cytokines - Natural Killer - Granulocytes Components of the immune system A) Cells 1) T-cells - Helper T-cells - Cytotoxic T-cells - Supressor T-cells 2) B-cells 3) Natural killer cells 4) Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes - Basophil - Neutrophil - Eosinophil 5) Macrophages 6) Dendritic cells B) Organs 1) Bone marrow 2) Thymus 3) Spleen 4) Lymph nodes C) Antibodies -IgM - IgA - IgD - IgG D) Complement system E) Hormones Immune response 1) Macrophage encounters a virus and consumes it 2) Macrophage digests the virus and displays pieces of the virus called antigens on its surface 3) Helper T cell recognizes the antigen displayed and binds to the macrophage. 4) This union stimulates the production of chemical substances 5) Killer T-cells multiply. B-cells multiply and produce antibodies 6) The killer T cells shoot holes in host cells 7) Antibodies bind to antigens on the surfaces of free-floating viruses 8) Activated T and B cells are turned off by suppressor T cells Conditions associated with the immune system 1) AIDS Cause: -The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes AIDS -The virus attacks the immune system the body vulnerable to a variety of life-threatening illnesses and cancers. Treatment: -No cure for AIDS at present -Treatments that delay the progression of the disease: a) Antiviral agents b) Medication 2) Immune hemolytic anemia: Cause: - Premature destruction of red blood cells by the immune system Treatment: - Treatment with prednisone - Splenectomy - Immunosuppressive therapy 3) Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: Cause: - Platelets are being destroyed by the immune system Treatment: -Oral danazol -High-dose gamma globulin injections -Drugs that suppress the immune system -Passing the blood over a Protein A (Prosorba) column, which filters antibodies out of the blood stream -Anti-RhD therapy can also be useful in people with specific blood types Maintain a Health Immune System Vitamins Minerals Fatty acids Antioxidants