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Protect cell
2. Flexible
3. Maintains Homeostasis
4. Selectively permeable - allows
some molecules in, others are kept
out
1.
1. Phospholipid
Bilayer – 2 layers of lipids
with a phosphate group attached to them.
2. Cholesterol – Stabilizes the phospholipids
and prevents the fatty acid chains from
sticking together.
3. Transport Proteins – Allow certain
materials to pass through the membrane
How Does It Look?
Fluid Mosaic Model – Expression used to
describe the flexible membrane of a cell.
Phospholipids of the membrane shift and
move like a fluid.
Backbone
Phospholipid Bilayer
Fluid Mosaic Model



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Q: What are three components of a cell
membrane?
A: phospholipid bilayer, cholesterol,
transport proteins
Q: What are the three components of a
phospholipid?
A: Hydrophilic (phosphate) head,
Glycerol Backbone, Hydrophobic (fatty
acid) tail
1.
Passive Transport – No Energy Required
a. Diffusion – movement of particles; affected
by temperature, pressure, & concentration
2.
b. Facilitated Diffusion – use of proteins
c. Osmosis – movement of water
Active Transport – Energy (ATP) Required
a. Sodium-Potassium Pump – use of ions
b. Endocytosis – take in
c. Exocytosis – take out (exit)
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Q: What are three types of passive
transport?
A: Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis
Q: Which type of transport requires ATP?
A: Active
Q: What 3 factors affect diffusion?
A: Concentration, Temperature, Pressure
Methods of Transport


Movement of
molecules from an
area of high
concentration to an
area of low
concentration.
Movement from one
side of a membrane
to another, unfacilitated


Movement of water
from an area of
high concentration
to an area of low
concentration.
Movement from one
side of a membrane
to another, unfacilitated
AEROSOL SPRAY
FOOD COLORING
Diffusion Explanation
Osmosis Explanation
A cell placed in this
soln. will swell
Water leaves
the tube
A cell placed
in this soln.
will shrink
Water enters
the tube
Solutions are made of two
things: a solute and a solvent
What is a Solvent?
What is a Solute?
Solvent - the liquid into which the
solute is poured and dissolved. Water is
the universal solvent.
 Solute - substance that is dissolved or
put into the solvent. Salt and sucrose
are solutes.

(Osmotic Solutions & Aqueous Solutions both Involve to Water)
1. ISOTONIC SOLUTION
Both solutions (inside & outside of cell) have same concentrations
of solute.
(Equal Concentrations)
Osmosis
does not occur
No net movement of water
Cell remains the same
“Iso- “Keep it So”
See next slide for type #2
2. HYPOTONIC SOLUTION
Solute (salt) outside cell is lower than solvent (water)
(More water outside than inside)




Osmosis occurs
Water moves into the cell
Cell swells
“Hypo-Big O”
See next slide for type #3
3. HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
Solute (salt) outside cell is higher than solvent (water)
(More water inside than outside)




Osmosis occurs
Water moves out of the cell
Cell shrinks
“Hyper-Smaller”
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF OSMOTIC SOLUTIONS?
OSMOTIC (AQUEOUS)
SOLNS
ISOTONIC
SOLUTION
HYPOTONIC
SOLUTION
CAUSE
Both solutions
(inside & outside of
cell) have same
concentrations of
solute.
(Equal)
Solute (salt) outside
cell is lower than
solvent (water)
(More water outside than
inside)
EFFECT
Osmosis does not occur
No net movement of water
Cell remains the same
“Iso- Stay So” or “Keep it So”
Osmosis occurs
Water moves into the cell
Cell swells
“Hypo-Big O”
HYPERTONIC
SOLUTION
Solute (salt) outside
cell is higher than
solvent (water)
(More water inside than
outside)
Osmosis occurs
Water moves out of the cell
Cell shrinks
“Hyper-Smaller”
Plant and Animal Cells put into
various solutions

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

Q: When you are in the den & are able to
smell food in the kitchen, what process is
allowing you to smell the aroma?
A: Diffusion
Q: Is sugar a solute or solvent?
A: Solute
Q: What are 3 types of osmotic solutions?
A: Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hypertonic
Q: If a cell is placed in a strong salt solution,
explain what will happen to the cell?
A: It will shrink due to the lack of water
outside the cell.


When a person is
given an I.V., the
fluid has a little salt
in it just like our
blood.
Explain how the use
of distilled water in
place of saline
solution would up
set homeostasis.

Homeostasis would
be upset because
there would be
more salt inside a
cell then outside a
cell. The water
would move into
the cell causing it
to burst.


Why does eating
popcorn make you
thirsty?
Popcorn is very
salty and may
cause water to
leave the cells of
your mouth and
through due to
diffusion. This
makes a person
thirsty.
NORMAL CELLS
DEHYDRATED CELLS
OSMOSIS DEMONSTRATION
IODINE & CORNSTARCH CELLULAR TRANSPORT DEMO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFhlqgMy1Dk
SOLUTON A
SOLUTION B
SOLUTION C
________ cell
2. ___________
3. Maintains __________
4. _____________ _________- allows
some molecules in, others are kept
out
1.
1. ______________
Bilayer – 2 layers of lipids
with a phosphate group attached to them.
2. ______________ – Stabilizes the
phospholipids and prevents the fatty acid
chains from sticking together.
3. Transport ____________ – Allow certain
materials to pass through the membrane
How Does It Look?
_________ __________ Model – Expression
used to describe the flexible membrane of a
cell. Phospholipids of the membrane shift
and move like a fluid.
Backbone
1.
_________ Transport – No Energy Required
a. ____________ – movement of particles;
affected
by temperature, pressure, & concentration
2.
b. Facilitated Diffusion – use of __________
c. __________ – movement of water
_________ Transport – Energy (ATP) Required
a. Sodium-Potassium Pump – use of ions
b_____________– take in
c. Exocytosis – take _______ (exit)


_______________ of
_______________ from
an area of _________
concentration to an
area of _______
concentration.
Movement from one
side of a membrane
to another, unfacilitated


_____________ of
______________from
an area of _________
concentration to an
area of _______
concentration.
Movement from one
side of a membrane
to another, unfacilitated
Solutions are a __________
(homogeneous) _________ that may
contain solids, liquids, or gases and
are _______ up ______ two parts
(_________ & _________)
What is a Solvent?
What is a Solute?
 Solvent (what does the dissolving) - the ________

which _________ the solute (substance).
__________ is the universal solvent.
Solute (what gets dissolved) - _________ that is
___________ or put into the solvent . Salt
and sucrose are solutes.
(Osmotic Solutions & Aqueous Solutions both Involve Water)
1. ISOTONIC SOLUTION
Both solutions (inside & outside of cell) have same concentrations
of solute.
(Equal Concentrations)
Osmosis
______ ______ occur
________ net movement of water
Cell remains the ________
“Iso- “Keep it So”
See next slide for type #2
2. HYPOTONIC SOLUTION
Solute (salt) outside cell is lower than solvent (water)
(More water outside than inside)




Osmosis ________
_________ moves _______ the cell
Cell __________
“Hypo-Big O”
See next slide for type #3
3. HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
Solute (salt) outside cell is higher than solvent (water)
(More water inside than outside)




Osmosis _________
__________ moves ______ _____ the cell
Cell ___________
“Hyper-Smaller”
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF OSMOTIC SOLUTIONS?
OSMOTIC (AQUEOUS)
SOLUTIONS
CAUSE
Both solutions
(inside & outside of
cell) have same
concentrations of
solute.
(Equal)
Solute (salt) outside
cell is lower than
solvent (water)
(More water outside than
inside)
EFFECT
Osmosis does not occur
No net movement of water
Cell remains the same
“Iso- Stay So” or “Keep it So”
Osmosis occurs
Water moves into the cell
Cell swells
“Hypo-Big O”
Solute (salt) outside
cell is higher than
solvent (water)
(More water inside than
outside)
Osmosis occurs
Water moves out of the cell
Cell shrinks
“Hyper-Smaller”