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Download 15.2 PDQ - Biology with Radjewski
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Transcript
15.2 PDQ 1. Name and define 3 processes that affect the genetic makeup of populations over time • Gene flow – exchange of genes between populations due to migration • Genetic Drift – change in gene frequencies from generation to generation due to random processes • Non-random mating – selection of mates on basis of traits • Mutation – change in DNA • Selection – choosing preferential phenotypes 2. Explain, “natural selection acts on individuals, but populations evolve” • Changes that occur are developmental in a single organism over the course of a life cycle. • After breeding populations will evolve 4. What is the difference between natural selection and adaptation? Natural Selection • Difference in fitness among organisms Adaptation • Enhances the fitness of the organism 5. What is the raw material on which mechanisms of evolution act upon? • variation 6. What does it mean to say a population evolves? • It genetically changes over time 7. Why is genetic drift more apparent in small populations? • Because each individual’s genes represent a large fraction of the gene pool 8. What is the net affect of a population bottleneck? • Loss of genetic variation 9. Describe founder’s effect • Loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established 10.Define sexual selection • Preference by 1 sex for certain characteristics
