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Transcript
Marine Science Unit 7 1. ________________ are underwater, volcanic mountains with flat tops. 2. Long, narrow cracks in the ocean floor, the deepest parts of the ocean are called ________________. 3. _______________ Plains are large, flat regions on the ocean floor. 4. __________________ are underwater, cone-shaped volcanic mountains. 5. The basin is the ocean floor at a depth of more than ____________ meters. 6. ___________________ is the detailed charting of the features of an area; ____________, depths, and _____________ of the surface of an area. 7. ____________________ are deep, v-shaped valleys found along the continental slope. 8. The ___________________________ is a mountain chain that rises from the ocean basins; where _______________________ takes place. 9. The ____________________________ is a relatively flat part of the continent that is covered by seawater; it lies between the coast and the continental slope. 10. The ______________________________ is the sloping surface between the outer edge of the continental shelf and the ocean basin. 11. Using ______________, seismic _______________, ______________, and underwater _____________________, __________________ have discovered that the ________________, or shape, of the ocean floor is similar to sights we see on Earth’s _________________. 12. The ocean floor has raised masses of land like the ______________ Mountains, and large areas of smooth and level surfaces like the ____________________. 13. Earth’s continents were once one large landmass known as _________________. 14. German Scientist _______________________ hypothesized in 1915 that the continents separated over time and _____________ to their present locations. 15. A theory known as ___________________ suggests that Earth’s outermost layer, or _____________, is separated into 12 or more large pieces or plates. 16. The ____________________ is the 5-mile-thick plate which lies beneath oceans. 17. Volcanoes and earthquakes occur along the _______________________. 18. ______________________ do not mark where continents end. Some continents extend as much as 50-65 kilometers into the _______________. 19. The edge of the continent that is underwater is called the _____________________. 20. Continental shelves are usually ________, they differ in their ___________, or distance they extend into seawater. 21. A low-lying coast will have a __________ and ____________ continental shelf. 22. Layers of _____________ and ____________deposits on the continental shelf provide pockets of _________ and __________________. 23. The waters over the continental shelf provide productive _________________________. 24. The _______________________ separates the continental shelf from the ocean floor. 25. Continental slopes have many ______________ and small _________________. 26. The upper part of _________________ Canyon were formed by rivers and the deeper parts by __________________________ of sand and ____________ such as ______________________. 27. The ocean _____________ is more than 4000 meters deep. 28. The ocean ____________, or floor, begins at the bottom of the _________________________. 29. ________________ Plains are formed by sediments deposited by ____________________________ and sediments continually falling from seawater above. 30. The deepest parts of the ocean are long, narrow cracks called _________________. 31. _______________ slice into the ocean floor more than 10,000 meters deep, and some run as long as _____________ kilometers. 32. The __________________ Trench in the ______________ Ocean is the deepest spot in the ocean at more than _____________ meters or __________miles deep. 33. _________________ are cone-shaped volcanic mountains with steep sides and a narrow summit. 34. Seamounts are most abundant in the _______________Ocean, possibly because of the activity of plates in the ______________ area. 35. Flat-topped seamounts are called ______________. 36. Scientists believe the sinking of the _______________ was caused by the movement of _______________________. 37. _________________________are underwater mountain ranges. 38. The _________________________ form a continuous mountain chain from the _____________ Ocean, down through the middle of the _______________ Ocean, around the tip of ______________ and into the ______________ Ocean. The chain continues across the _______________ Ocean and north to North America. 39. Mid-Ocean Ridges form when molten _____________ from the ___________ flows up to the seafloor. When the ___________ hits the seafloor, it cools and forms layers making new ______________. This expansion of Earth’s crust is called ___________________________. 40. The mountain belt in the Atlantic Ocean is called the __________________ Ridge. The mountain belt in the Pacific Ocean is called the ________________ Rise or __________________ Ridge.