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Glenbard District 87 Course Title: Honors Biology Unit: Genetics Stage 1 – Desired Results Established Goal(s): What relevant goals (e.g. Content standards, course or program objectives, learning outcomes, etc.) will this address? NGSS Goals: HS.LS—IVT (Inheritance and Variation of Traits) a. Ask questions and obtain information about the role of patterns of gene sequences in DNA molecules and subsequent inheritance of traits.
b. Use a model to explain how mitotic cell division results in daughter cells with identical patterns of genetic materials essential for growth and
repair of multicellular organisms.
c. Construct an explanation for how cell differentiation is the result of activation or inactivation of specific genes as well as small differences in the
immediate environment of the cells.
d. Use a model to describe the role of cellular division and differentiation to produce and maintain complex organisms composed of organ systems
and tissue subsystems that work together to meet the needs of the entire organism.
e. Communicate information about the role of the structure of DNA and the mechanisms in meiosis for transmitting genetic information
from parents to offspring.
f. Communicate information that inheritable genetic variations may result from: 1-genetic combinations in haploid sex cells, 2-errors occurring
during replication, 3-crossover between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, and 4-environmental factors.
g. Use probability to explain the variation and distribution of expressed traits in a population.
Illinois StateLearning Standards: 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnection of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. 12.11.12: Understand Mendel’s Law of Segregation and also that genes do not always separate as hypothesized by Mendel’s Law of Segregation. Understand that if genes are located closely together on the same chromosome then they are linked and may undergo independent assortment. 12.11.13: Identify and be able to apply the following concepts: trait, alleles, dominant allele, recessive allele, gametes, genotype, homozygous, heterozygous, chromosome, meiosis, and mitosis. 12.11.14: Answer questions about given Punnett squares. 12.11.17: Know why about half an individual’s DNA sequence comes from each parent. Understand that most of the cells in a human contain 22 different pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. 12.11.19: Understand how to predict possible combinations of alleles in a zygote from the genetic makeup of the parents for simple dominance/recessive traits. 12.11.20: Understand that a multicellular organism develops from a single zygote and its phenotype (i.e. its outward appearance) depend on its genotype (i.e. its genetic makeup), which is established at fertilization. Understanding(s): Students will understand that… Essential Question(s): What provocative questions will foster inquiry, understanding, and transfer of learning? -­‐ Inheritance is based on the relationship between alleles, -­‐
traits, and genes. Patterns of inheritance exist through generations of all living species. How does cell division allow for the passing on of genetic information? How does our understanding of genetics contribute to enhancements Human genetic information is cataloged in a library of DNA called the genome. The field of biotechnology is broad/growing and impacting many areas of science. -­‐
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Describe how cell reproduction contributes to repair and growth. Contrast the two main ways organisms reproduce. Describe the structure of a chromosome. Name the stages of the cell cycle and explain what happens in each stage. Summarize the major events that occur in each stage of mitosis. Explain how cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells. Compare benign and malignant tumors. Explain how cancer treatments can work at the cellular level. Describe how homologous chromosomes are alike and different. Contrast haploid and diploid cells. Summarize the process of meiosis. Describe how chromosome assortment during meiosis contributes to genetic variation. Explain how crossing over contributes to genetic variation. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis. Describe the methods Mendel used in his plant breeding experiments. Explain Mendel’s principle of segregation. Describe how probability applies to genetics. Contrast genotype and phenotype. Explain Mendel’s principle of Independent Assortment. Describe how alleles interact in intermediate (incomplete) inheritance. Describe inheritance patterns involving multiple alleles. Explain how polygenic inheritance can result in a wide range of phenotypes. Describe how environmental conditions can affect genotypic expression. Summarize the chromosome theory of inheritance. Explain how genetic linkage provides exceptions to Mendel’s principle of Independent Assortment Explain how sex linked genes produce different inheritance patterns in males & females. Explain why most sex-­‐linked disorders are more common in males. Describe how chromosomes can be damaged. How can transposons affect other genes? Be able to interpret a pedigree diagram of inheritance. How do mutations in genes, which play a role in regulating the cell cycle, lead to cancer? How does inheriting certain mutations can cause an increased risk of cancer? Explain how the use of bacteria has contributed to the use of biotechnology Explain the process to make a recombinant microorganism. Describe how Biologist genetically modify plants and animals. Explain the technique used to clone animals. Summarize the GMO controversy. Be able to explain the role of PCR and Gel Electrophoresis in biotechnology. Identify the unique features of stem cells. 1.
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Compare and contrast the growth of a malignant tumor and the repair of a cut on your finger. Describe the effects of a carcinogen on a cell. Explain the necessity for the establishment of a second type of cell division known as meiosis. Compare coin-­‐tossing results to genetic probability of inheritance patterns in offspring. Demonstrate an understanding of probability in genetics using Punnett squares. Describe Mendel’s principles of genetics. Analyze a pedigree and determine the mode of inheritance. Analyze a karyotype to determine if there are chromosomal abnormalities. Describe benefits related to having a complete map of the human genome. Explain how cells behave differently if they all carry the same genetic information. Compare and contrast the procedures used to genetically modify plants and animals. Evaluate the pros and cons of using agricultural GMO products. Interpret a gel electrophoresis pattern.