Download 1. Which genetic concept was proposed by Mendel?

Genetics Practice Test
Name:
1.
2.
3.
Date:
Which genetic concept was proposed by
Mendel?
A.
chromosome nondisjunction
B.
independent assortment
C.
multiple alleles
D.
sex linkage
4.
Mendel's discovery that characteristics are
inherited due to the transmission of hereditary
factors resulted from his
A.
careful microscopic examinations of
genes and chromosomes
B.
dissections to determine how fertilization
occurs in pea plants
C.
breeding experiments with many
generations of fruit ies
D.
analysis of the o spring produced from
many pea plant crosses
Pairs of genes that control the same trait are
known as
A.
alleles
B.
gametes
C.
hybrids
D.
loci
5.
In humans there are 23 pairs of chromosomes.
One pair of the 23 are sex chromosomes.
The other 22 pairs are known as
A.
autosomes
B.
homozygotes
C.
heterozygotes
D.
centrosomes
Knowledge of the structure of DNA is
important in the study of life because DNA
A.
stores food
B.
transmits genetic information
C.
transmits chemical energy
D.
stores enzymes
6.
page 1
The basic principles of genetics were
established in the 19th century by
A.
Francis Crick
B.
Charles Darwin
C.
Jean Lamarck
D.
Gregor Mendel
7.
Mendel developed his basic principles of
heredity by
A.
microscopic study of chromosomes and
genes
B.
breeding experiments with drosophila
C.
mathematical analysis of the o spring of
pea plants
D.
ultracentrifugation studies of cell
organelles
10.
11.
8.
9.
Homologous pairs of chromosomes are
restored as a result of
A.
gametogenesis
B.
fertilization
C.
germination
D.
di erentiation
The diagram shown represents a pair of
homologous autosomes. The letters B and b
represents genes for a certain trait. These
letters also represent
Traits that are controlled by genes found on
an X-chromosome are said to be
A.
autosomal dominant
B.
autosomal recessive
C.
codominant
D.
sex-linked
While working with pea plants, Gregor Mendel
observed that some tall plants had yellow
seeds while other tall plants had green seeds.
This observation is best explained by
A.
nondisjunction of chromosomes
B.
linkage of genes
C.
independent assortment
D.
intermediate inheritance
12.
page 2
A.
an allelic pair of genes
B.
linked genes
C.
genes for sex determination
D.
homozygous genes
Which concept is not associated with the work
of Gregor Mendel?
A.
dominance
B.
use and disuse
C.
independent assortment
D.
segregation
Genetics Practice Test
13.
Which statement describes the work of Gregor
Mendel?
A.
He developed some basic principles of
heredity without having knowledge of
chromosomes.
B.
He explained the principle of dominance
on the basis of the gene-chromosome
theory.
C.
He developed the microscope for the
study of genes in pea plants.
D.
15.
A.
mathematical analysis of pea plant
crosses
B.
microscopic study of pea plant
chromosomes
C.
study of mutagenic agents a ecting pea
plants
D.
chemical analysis of pea plant DNA
He used his knowledge of gene mutations
to help explain the appearance of new
traits in organisms.
16.
14.
Which method was used by Gregor Mendel
to develop the principles of dominance and
segregation?
Scienti c investigation of human genetics has
been limited because
A.
humans have a long life cycle and few
o spring
B.
the principles of genetics do not appear
to apply to humans
C.
genetic counseling has not been applied
to humans
D.
environmental factors limit the number of
mutations in humans
17.
A mother with type B blood and a father with
type A blood have four children, each with a
di erent blood type. The best explanation
for the occurrence of the four di erent blood
types of the children is that blood type is
A.
only determined by dominant alleles
B.
determined by multiple alleles
C.
in uenced by environmental conditions
D.
a sex-linked trait
In humans, the gene for polydactyly (having
extra ngers or toes) is dominant over the
gene for the normal number of digits. If
parents who are both homozygous dominant
for polydactyly have four children, how many
of these children would most likely have extra
ngers or toes?
A.
page 3
0
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4
Genetics Practice Test
18.
Base your answer(s) to the following
question(s) on the pedigree chart below, which
shows a history of ear lobe shape, and on
your knowledge of biology.
20.
The genotype of individual 1 could be
A.
EE, only
B.
Ee, only
C.
ee
D.
EE or Ee
21.
19.
When the bacterium Serratia marcescens
is grown on a sterile culture medium in a
petri dish at 30 C, the bacterial colonies are
cream colored. When this same bacterium is
cultured under identical conditions, except at a
temperature of 25 C, the colonies are brick
red. This di erence in color is most likely due
to the
A.
type of nutrients in the culture medium
B.
sterilization of the culture medium
C.
e ect of temperature on the expression
of the gene for color
D.
e ect of colony size on the synthesis of
color pigments
Genes are inherited, but their expressions
can be modi ed by the environment. This
statement explains why
The genotype of individual 2 could be
A.
EE, only
B.
Ee, only
C.
ee
D.
EE or Ee
page 4
A.
some animals have dark fur only when
the temperature is within a certain range
B.
o spring produced by means of sexual
reproduction look exactly like their parents
C.
identical twins who grow up in di erent
homes have the same characteristics
D.
animals can be cloned, but plants cannot
Genetics Practice Test
22.
23.
At warm temperatures, a certain bread mold
can often be seen growing on bread as a
dark-colored mass. The same bread mold
growing on bread in a cooler environment is
red in color. Which statement most accurately
describes why this change in the color of the
bread mold occurs?
A.
Gene expression can be modi ed by inter
actions with the environment.
B.
Every organism has a di erent set of
coded instructions.
C.
The DNA was altered in response to an
environmental condition.
D.
There is no replication of genetic material
in the cooler environment.
24.
As male children get older, some begin
to closely resemble their fathers and have
no resemblance to their mothers. Which
statement best explains this observation?
A.
Several sperm fertilized the egg, so the
fertilized egg contained more genes from
their father.
B.
More genes are inherited from the sperm
cell of their father than from the egg cell
of their mother, so most traits will be like
those of their father.
C.
More genes from their father are
expressed in traits that can be seen,
and more genes from their mother are
expressed in traits that cannot be seen,
such as blood type or enzyme function.
D.
Genes from their father are stronger than
genes from their mother, so the genes
from their mother are not expressed.
A human liver cell and a human skin cell
in the same person have the same genetic
sequences. However, these cells are di erent
because the liver cell
A.
has more dominant traits than the skin
cell
B.
can reproduce but the skin cell cannot
C.
carries out respiration but the skin cell
does not
D.
uses di erent genes than the skin cell
25.
page 5
Sexually produced o spring often resemble,
but are not identical to, either of their parents.
Explain why they resemble their parents but
are not identical to either parent.
Genetics Practice Test
26.
27.
Many years ago, a scientist grew pea plants
that produced wrinkled peas. The peas
from these plants produced new plants that
also produced wrinkled peas. The scientist
concluded that something in the parent plants
was being transmitted to the next generation.
This discovery is now known as
A.
genetic engineering
B.
biological evolution
C.
heredity
D.
natural selection
29.
In order for the y to pass this trait on to its
o spring, a change had to occur in
Which factor has the greatest in uence
on the development of new, inheritable
characteristics?
A.
combinations of genes resulting from
mitosis
B.
mutations of genes in reproductive cells
C.
sorting of genes during asexual
reproduction
D.
recombining of genes during di erentiation
30.
28.
Brothers and sisters often have similar facial
characteristics, such as nose shape or eye
color, because they
A.
are raised in similar environments
B.
eat similar types of foods
C.
have similar types of proteins
D.
use similar types of facial care products
The fruit y represented in the diagram below
has unusual, curled wings that formed after
exposure to radiation.
page 6
A.
the blood cells of the y
B.
the gametes of the y
C.
all the body cells of the y
D.
the muscles of the y
The transfer of genes from parents to their
o spring is known as
A.
di erentiation
B.
heredity
C.
immunity
D.
evolution
Genetics Practice Test
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Genetics Practice Test
03/07/2016
1.
Answer:
B
21.
Answer:
A
2.
Answer:
A
22.
Answer:
A
3.
Answer:
B
23.
Answer:
D
4.
Answer:
D
24.
Answer:
C
5.
Answer:
A
25.
Answer:
6.
Answer:
D
7.
Answer:
C
8.
Answer:
D
9.
Answer:
C
10.
Answer:
B
11.
Answer:
A
12.
Answer:
B
13.
Answer:
A
14.
Answer:
A
15.
Answer:
A
16.
Answer:
B
17.
Answer:
D
18.
Answer:
D
19.
Answer:
C
20.
Answer:
C
O spring receive only half their genes
(or DNA or chromosomes or genetic
information) from each parent. OR
They receive some genes from each
parent.
26.
Answer:
C
27.
Answer:
B
28.
Answer:
C
29.
Answer:
B
30.
Answer:
B