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Name___________________
Date:
Period
Vocabulary
The Cell
100 points
Directions: Unscramble the following vocabulary words and match
each word with its correct definition.
Directions: During the course of the program answer the “You
a. a strong and tough material that makes
Decide” questions as they are presented in the video.
up a cell wall
You Decide:
___ 1. lcel rhotye
b. round structures that contain a chemical
A. What is the object Hooke saw under his
called RNA, sometimes attached to the
microscope?
___ 2. slceuleol
endoplasmic reticulum
B. Do animals possess a cell wall?
___ 3. ioglg edbiso
c. membrane-covered sacs that package
and transport protein to the outside of the
C. What is the material seen flowing through this cell?
___ 4. lsunceu
cell
D. What do lysosomes do with the old tail cells?
___ 5. seomcmshroo
d. rod-shaped structures that supply most
of the energy for the cell, sometimes
Answer the Video Quiz questions at the end of the video.
___ 6. tmsaoyclp
Video Quiz:
referred to as the powerhouse of the cell
1. All living things possess ______________?
___ 7. sadocielnmp urtmlueci e. fluid that flows through the cell,
2. Robert Hooke discovered cells while looking at a piece
containing a large amount of water, as well
of ____________.
___ 8. oseriboms
as many chemicals and structures
3. _______________ microscopes use magnetic
___ 9. ratmohnidoci
fields to magnify objects.
f. network of tubular passageways that
transports materials throughout the cell
4. All cells come from ____________
Video Review
___________.
5. _________________ are structures within cells
___ 10. sovaluce
that have specific roles.
6. Animal cells do not have a cell
__________.
7. ______________________ are found in plants, and
change light energy into chemical energy.
8. The _________________ acts as the cell’s control center.
9.
_____________________ is the fluid that fills the cells.
10. ______________ break down food to produce energy in the
cell.
g. all living things are made of cells; cells
are the basic units of structure and function in an organism; and all
cells come from previously existing cells
h. found inside the nucleus, these dark, rod-like structures contain
proteins and DNA
i. parts of the cell where materials are stored
j. sometimes referred to as the cell’s brain, it regulates all cellular
activities
Post Test
Directions: Write Correct or Not Correct. If the statement is not
correct, use proofreading marks to make the statement correct.
_______________1. Plant cells contain chloroplasts, while
animal cells donot.
_______________2. Electron microscopes are able to magnify
objects too small to be seen with a
compound microscope.
_______________3. The nucleolus is located inside the nucleus
of a cell.
_______________4. The nuclear membrane protects the
nucleus by allowing only certain materials
to pass in and out.
_______________5. Both plant and animal cells contain
cellulose, a strong and tough material that
makes up the cell wall.
_______________6. Mitochondria are responsible for
packaging and transporting protein to the
outside of the cell.
_______________7. Robert Hooke first discovered cells by
looking at a piece of cork under an electron
microscope.
_______________8. Lysosomes contain RNA and direct the
production of proteins in a cell.
_______________9. Chromosomes are made of DNA.
_______________10. Cytoplasm is a fluid that flows through
the cell and helps to carry materials.
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word. A list of
possible answers is provided at the bottom of the page.
11. An organelle that enables a plant to produce its own food is
called a _______________.
12. _______________are the parts of the cell responsible
for storage of food, materials, and waste.
13. Rod-like structures inside the nucleus that contain DNA, the
chemical that acts as a genetic blueprint, are called
_______________.
14. The _______________ states that all cells come from
previously existing cells.
15. _______________is the material that makes up the cell
wall in plants.
16. A network of tubular passageways in the cell whose function
it is to transport materials is called the _______________.
17. _______________ are stacks of membrane-covered sacs
that package and transport protein to the outside of the cell.
18. The _______________ acts as the brain of the cell.
19. The smaller structures that make up cells are called
_______________.
20. _______________ are the powerhouses of the cell and
break down food to produce large amounts of energy.
lysosomes
golgi apparatus
cell theory
chloroplast
organelles
vacuoles
cellulose
chromosomes
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
ribosomes
The Cell Theory and Microscopes
Directions: Read the passage below about how new discoveries and improvements in technology led to
the development of the cell theory. Use this information to answer the questions.
Cells and Microscopes
In today’s world, a great deal is known about microscopic life. We can picture microorganisms as
if they are tangible objects we can pick up and hold. Imagine if you were living in the 1600’s and all
that you know of can be seen with the unaided eye. During this time, people believed in spontaneous
generation, which means that living things originate spontaneously out of material such as dust or mud.
When a few Dutch eyeglass makers invented a microscope in the late 1500’s, it was one of the biggest
breakthroughs in biology. It magnified objects up to 9 times their size. In 1674, a Dutch scientist named
Anton van Leeuwenhoek invented a simple, hand held microscope. He examined living cells in
substances like pond water and blood. He observed things that no one had ever seen before. His
microscope magnified objects up to 270 times their size!
As new microscopes were invented, new hypotheses about cells were developed. A hypothesis is
a scientific prediction that can be tested. In 1665, the English scientist Robert Hooke used a microscope
to observe thin slices of cork. He noticed spaces separated by walls and referred to these spaces as cells,
meaning “little rooms.”
A German botanist named Matthias Schleiden made the next discovery concerning cells. In 1838,
he reported that all plants are made of cells. The following year, German zoologist, Theodor Schwann,
concluded that animals are also made of cells. Two decades later, Rudolf Virchow, a pathologist,
inferred that all cells come from preexisting cells. These new pieces of evidence developed into a more
accepted observation in science called the cell theory. The cell theory consists of the following three
principles:
1) cells are the basic units of life;
2) all organisms are made of one or more cells; and
3) all cells arise from existing cells.
A new principle has been added to the cell theory in its modern form. Part four of the cell theory
states that cells contain the hereditary information of the organisms of which they are a part, and this
information is passed from parent cell to daughter cell. This addition to the cell theory was due, in part,
to the development of more powerful microscopes
Today we commonly use compound light microscopes. Compound light microscopes use lenses
to bend beams of light and can magnify objects up to 2000 times their size. In 1931, a man named
Ernest Rusk built the first electron microscope. The electron microscope uses a magnetic field to bend
beams of electrons and can magnify objects up to 1,000,000 times their size. The latest technology
available in microscopy is called a scanning interferometric apertureless microscope.
This microscope uses the principles of a light microscope, but has the potential to allow imaging
of single atoms! Science and technology have come a long way since the 1600’s.
1. Four different kinds of microscopes have been
developed since the 1600’s. Write the four
microscopes in order with the oldest first. .
a.
b.
c
d
2. Before the cell theory, many people believed in
spontaneous generation. What did that mean?
3. What country did Anton van Leeuwenhoek live
in?
4. Which scientist named cork cells as little
rooms?
5. Which scientist studied plant cells?
6. Which scientist studied animal cells?
7. Which scientist was a doctor who specialized
in medical diagnosis?
8. What important contribution happened in the
twentieth century?
9. Anton van Leeuwenhoek built a simple
microscope that magnified _________ times.
Why is that spectacular?
10. What kind of microscope do we use at school?
__________ Cell
List the four parts of the cell theory.
1.
2.
3.
4.
___________ Cell