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BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ Introduction to Life Science BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2: Cellular Processes Connect Due Date:____10/26/2011 11:59PM__________ Instructions Complete this homework assignment as the material is covered in class. You may refer to any of the course resources including the text, lecture notes, and Connect. In order to receive credit for this homework assignment you must enter and submit your final answers online through Connect before the due date. Multiple Choice Portion 1.The breakdown of which of the following leads to apoptosis, the self-destruction of the cell? a. polysome b. lysosome c. microsome d. centrosome 2.A true cellular nucleus is found in a. bacteria. b. protista. c. prokaryotes. d. archaea. 1 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 3.A membrane storage vessel in a cell is generally called a(n) a. vacuole. b. reticulum. c. secretory vessicle. d. inclusion. 4.Pinocytosis would allow the intake of a. solid food. b. gas. c. molecules dissolved in water. d. only one type of specific molecule. 5.Ribosomes are the site of a. cellular respiration. b. photosynthesis. c. anaerobic respiration. d. protein synthesis. 6.Stroma and grana are found in the a. chromosomes. b. nucleus. c. chloroplast. d. mitochondria. 7.A membrane is NOT necessary in a. diffusion. b. phagocytosis. c. active transport. d. osmosis. 2 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 8.Which of the following is NOT true of cell membranes? a. They are rigid. b. They contain protein molecules. c. They regulate movement of some substances into and out of the cell. d. They contain phospholipids. 9.Which of the following is NOT involved in the synthesis and packaging of certain molecules produced for secretion by a cell? a. endoplasmic reticulum b. Golgi apparatus c. transport vesicle d. vacuole 10.Protoplasm is all the living material a. that makes up the contents of a cell. b. inside the cell membrane except the nucleus. c. inside the nucleus. d. inside the cell except the protein material. 11.Eukaryotic cells are found in the group known as the a. fungi. b. plants. c. animals. d. All of these answers are true. 12.An outside source of energy (ATP) is required for a. osmosis. b. diffusion. c. active transport. d. facilitated diffusion 3 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 13.A carrier molecule is required for a. osmosis and active transport. b. active transport and facilitated diffusion. c. osmosis and diffusion. d. facilitated diffusion and endocytosis. 14.Chromosomes are a. single molecules of DNA and protein. b. found only in the cytoplasm. c. composed of DNA and carbohydrate. d. several molecules of DNA and protein. 15.Which of the following lacks a cell wall? a. plant cell b. animal cell c. bacterial cell d. fungal cell 16.The Golgi apparatus packages a. energy. b. hydrogen. c. waste. d. enzymes. 17.The aerobic cellular respiration of carbohydrates occurs in the a. lysosome. b. mitochondria. c. chloroplast. d. peroxisome. 4 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 18.Molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration during a. osmosis. b. facilitated diffusion. c. diffusion. d. active transport. 19.Osmosis is the a. net movement of water across a differentially permeable membrane. b. diffusion of any molecule across a differentially permeable membrane. c. net movement of water from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration. d. movement of any molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. 20.Which of the following do NOT contain endoplasmic reticulum? a. eukaryotic cells b. animal cells c. plant cells d. bacterial cells 21.The MAIN components of a cell membrane are a. phospholipids and proteins. b. steroids and carbohydrates. c. nucleic acids and simple sugars. d. proteins and cholesterol. 22.The fluid material located outside of the nucleus is the a. vacuole. b. protoplasm. c. cytoplasm. d. nucleoplasm. 5 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 23.For diffusion to occur ____ is necessary. a. a concentration gradient b. a differentially permeable membrane c. temperature above 0°C d. a carrier molecule 24.____ is/are associated with ribosomes. a. Cilia and flagella b. Golgi apparatus c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum d. Rough endoplasmic reticulum 25.Plant cell walls are primarily composed of a. protein. b. chromatin. c. glycogen. d. cellulose. 26.What happens when an animal cell is placed into a hypertonic solution? a. plasmolysis b. crenation occurs c. it swells d. it is unchanged 27.____ are NOT part of the endomembranous system within the cell. a. Golgi apparatus b. Microtubules c. Mitochondria d. Endoplasmic reticulum 6 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 28.Noneukaryotic cells have a. chloroplasts. b. ribosomes. c. endoplasmic reticulum. d. nuclear membranes. 29.Cell structures that function in cell division are a. Golgi bodies. b. ribosomes. c. granules. d. centrioles. 30.Which of the following is composed of DNA? a. centriole and chromosomes b. chromosomes and chromatin c. chromatin and nucleoli d. nucleoli and centrioles 31.Most plant cells differ from animal cells in that they a. possess nucleoli. b. lack nucleoli. c. lack mitochondria. d. lack centrioles. 32.Inclusions a. have a well defined function and structure. b. are permanent storage sites for nutrients and waste enclosed by a plasma membrane. c. are almost always located within the nucleus. d. are concentrated areas of stored materials. 7 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 33.Lysosomes originate from the a. Golgi apparatus. b. endoplasmic reticulum. c. mitochondria. d. chloroplast. 34.Solution "A" has a solute concentration of 10% while solution "B" has a solvent concentration of 80%. If they are separated by a selectively permeable membrane a. the net direction of water movement will be from solution "A" to solution "B". b. the net direction of water movement will be from solution "B" to solution "A". c. there will be no net movement of water. d. the system is in dynamic equilibrium to begin with. 35.If molecules are taken into the cell and encased in a single membrane sac called a vesicle, the transport method used is most likely a. diffusion. b. osmosis. c. active transport. d. endocytosis. 36.A cell that is 98% water is placed in a solution containing 3% salt. This cell is now _________ compared to its surroundings. a. isotonic b. hypertonic c. hypotonic d. hydrophilic 37.Which is arranged in proper order from largest to smallest? a. algal cell, bacterial cell, virus b. virus, bacterial cell, animal cell c. animal cell, virus, plant cell d. plant cell, animal cell, fungal cell 8 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 38.The three Domains in which all living things are classified are a. Animals, Plants, and Microbes. b. Noneukaryotic, Eukaryotic, and Archaea. c. Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. d. Bacteria, Plants, and Animals. 39.As the size of a cell increases, a. the surface area increases faster than the volume. b. the surface area and the volume increase at the same rate. c. the volume increases faster than the surface area. d. there is no relationship between surface area and volume. 40.The surface area of a cell is important because a. the surface area limits the amount of molecular exchange that can take place between the cell and its surroundings. b. a small surface area allows the cell to protect itself from foreign organisms. c. a large surface area makes the cell more fragile. d. the surface area determines the genetic capabilities of the cell. 41.Cells can be large if they a. are metabolically very active. b. have large metabolically inactive central regions. c. actively pump nutrients into the cell. d. have a very small surface area compared to their volume. 42.The fluid-mosaic model considers the cellular membranes to consist of ________ layer(s) of phospholipid molecules and that the individual phospholipids are able to move about within the structure of the membrane. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 9 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 43.An intravenous (IV) solution must be __________________ to a person's red blood cells to prevent injury to the cells. a. isotonic b. hypertonic c. hypotonic d. osmotic 44.The point on the enzyme where the substrate binds is called the a. attachment site. b. active site. c. binding site. d. enzyme-substrate complex. 45.A given enzyme works on a. any number of different substrates. b. one of two possible substrates. c. no substrate. d. one type of substrate. 46.The amount of energy needed to start two reactants to form a product is a. reaction energy. b. kinetic energy. c. activation energy. d. potential energy. 47.A type of molecule that helps certain enzymes function is a(n) a. deactivator. b. antibiotic. c. vitamin. d. inhibitor. 10 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 48.A molecule occupies the active site of an enzyme so that no product can be formed. This is called a. enzyme competition. b. denaturation. c. enzyme inhibition. d. enzyme specificity. 49.As the concentration of an enzyme increases for a given substrate, a. the reaction rate increases similarly. b. the turnover number decreases at the same rate that the enzyme concentration increases. c. the rate of the reaction decreases to a point. d. there is no change in the reaction. 50.Enzyme competition occurs when a. one type of enzyme reacts with one type of substrate. b. an enzyme does not react with a substrate. c. three different types of enzymes react with one type of substrate. d. an enzyme stops a reaction. 51.An increase in enzyme substrate concentration will a. increase the rate of reaction similarly. b. decrease the amount of reaction. c. not change the amount of product produced. d. increase the rate of reaction to a point. 52.Every enzyme functions best at a. high pH. b. low pH. c. optimum pH. d. neutral pH. 11 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 53.The reason why an enzyme fits a specific substrate is due to its a. primary structure. b. tertiary structure. c. quaternary structure. d. all of the above. 54.The method of a molecule controlling the rate of its own synthesis is called a. negative-feedback control. b. competitive inhibition. c. enzyme competition control. d. phosphorylation control. 55.Chemical messengers in the cell that control the amounts of enzyme produced is/are a. DNA. b. gene regulator proteins. c. inhibitors. d. coenzymes. 56.The enzyme that facilitates a reaction adding a phosphate group to a molecule is called a. dehydrogenase. b. mutase. c. kinase. d. oxidase. 57.The induced fit hypothesis states that a. a single enzyme can adjust its shape to fit with several types of substrate. b. a substrate will adjust its shape to fit the shape of the enzyme. c. an enzyme can adjust itself to a substrate as they come together. d. the enzyme and substrate have no set shape until they unite. 12 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 58.An enzyme that works in the stomach may not work in the small intestine because a. the pH of the stomach contents is different than that found in the intestine. b. the temperature is so different that the enzyme will be inhibited from taking action. c. enzymatic competition will result in the denaturation of the substrate. d. there will not be enough collisions to result in enzyme-substrate formation. 59.The importance of enzymatic competition is that a. different end products can be formed at different rates. b. it reduces the amount of enzymes in the cell to an optimum. c. it guarantees that all enzymes will form enzyme-substrate complexes. d. no substrates will go unchanged by an enzyme. 60.Which of the following statements concerning photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration is false? a. Both are biochemical pathways. b. Both involve many enzyme-controlled reactions linked together. c. Both involve the transfer of energy. d. Photosynthesis occurs exclusively in plants and aerobic cellular respiration occurs exclusively in animals. 61.Which statement below is FALSE regarding this chemical equation? ADP + P → ATP a. This reaction is known as phosphorylation. b. This reaction occurs in photosynthesis and cellular respiration. c. This reaction represents energy being released into the environment for cellular use. d. This reaction represents the formation of a high-energy phosphate bond. 62.The electron transport system uses ____ atoms. a. hydrogen b. carbon c. nitrogen d. hydroxide ions 13 BSC 1005 Fall 2011 Homework 2! Name:_______________________ 63.NAD carries ____ to the electron transport system. a. energy b. oxygen c. hydrogen electrons d. water 64.NAD is a(n) a. enzyme. b. electron carrier. c. product of photosynthesis. d. oxygen carrier. 14