Download Genetics Unit Test

Genetics Unit Test (Ch. 5 & 6)
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement
or answers the question.
1. A plant with two different alleles is said to be
a. heterozygous.
c. homozygous.
b. cross-pollinating.
d. true breeding.
2. Which one of the following statements is NOT true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
One gene can influence many traits.
Several genes can influence a single trait.
The environment can have an influence on traits.
Genes are the only influence on traits.
3. Asexual reproduction relates to humans in that
a. none of our body cells reproduce this way.
b. many body cells reproduce this way.
c. the parent cells do not divide.
d. meiosis occurs.
4. How are sex cells different from other human cells?
a. Sex cells have more chromosomes.
b. Sex cells have 1/2 as many chromosomes.
c. Sex cells are larger.
d. Sex cells have no chromosomes
5. Brown eyes are dominant (R), cross 2 homozygous
dominant parents. How may blue eyed babies will
they have?
a. 2
b. 0
c. 3
d. 1
6. What is the ratio from the following cross: Bb x Bb
a. 2 : 2
b. 1 : 1 : 2
c. 1 : 2 : 1
d. 3 : 1
7. Which one of the following is the name for the way
cells divide in asexual reproduction?
a. twins
c. meiosis
b. mitosis
d. Homologous
8. What would be the resulting genotypes from the
following cross: Ff x FF
a. FF
c. Ff, ff, FF
b. FF, Ff
d. ff
9.What is a trait?
a. different forms of
meiosis
b. different forms of a
pedigree
c. different forms of
chromatids
d. different forms of a
characteristic
10. When there is incomplete dominance,
a. one allele has more influence than the others.
b. each allele has its own degree of influence.
c. the alleles have no influence.
d. there are no alleles present.
11.Offspring that are different from both parents are
produced by
a. asexual reproduction. c. sexual reproduction.
b. something going
d. mitosis.
wrong.
12. What are chromosomes that carry the same sets of
genes?
a. twin chromosomes
c. ordinary
chromosomes
b. homologous
d. asexual chromosomes
chromosomes
13. What is heredity?
a. traits passing from offspring to parents
b. traits passing from parents to offspring
c. plants that are cross-pollinated
d. the ratio of dominant to recessive traits
14. What is a plant that has two dominant genes or two
recessive genes called?
a. organism
c. homozygous
b. genotype
d. Heterozygous
15. What is a phenotype?
a. the way an organism
feels
b. a group of 5 alleles
c. a dominant gene
d. the way an organism
looks
16. What is it called when cells are copied with half the
number of chromosomes?
a. sex cells
c. a nucleus
b. meiosis
d. mitosis
Use the figure to
answer the following
17. Why are all first generation flowers gray?
a. Gray is the dominant
c. Gray is the darker
color.
color.
b. Gray is the recessive color. d. It is just a coincidence.
18. What is the genotype of each parent flower?
(____
?
? x ____)
a. Gg & gg
c. Gg & Gg
b. gg & gg
d. GG & gg
19. What is the difference between the pollination in the
first generation and the second generation?
a. The first one was natural and the second was
selective breeding.
b. The first one was selective breeding and the
second one was natural.
c. They were both natural, but new plants were
added before the second pollination.
d. They were both selective breeding, but the
second one was not controlled.
20. What letters represent the four bases?
a. A, B, C, D
c. A, T, G, C
b. W, X, Y, Z
d. E, Y, A, O
21. Watson and Crick built a DNA model like a
a. long, twisted ladder. c. straight line.
b. piece of twine.
d. pyramid.
22. The sides of the DNA “ladder” are made of
a. guanine and thymine. c. sugar and phosphate.
b. adenine and cytosine. d. helixes and twists.
23. The “rungs” of the DNA ladder are
a. a pair of bases.
c. a pair of phosphates.
b. a pair of sugars.
d. a set of proteins.
24. To be copied, a DNA molecule splits
a. across the top.
c. along the sides.
b. down the middle.
d. along the phosphates.
25. A string of nucleotides that has instructions for a
certain trait is a
a. cell.
c. gene.
b. ribonucleic acid.
d. chromosome.
26. Three bases code for one
a. cell.
c. protein.
b. DNA.
d. amino acid.
27. In what type of mutation is one base left out?
a. substitution
c. insertion
b. deletion
d. cell
28. DNA is made of subunits called what?
a. proteins
c. traits
b. deoxyribonucleic acids d. nucleotides
29. Nucleotides are made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a
a. base.
c. gene.
b. protein.
d. ribosome.
30. Who discovered that the amount of adenine in DNA
always equals the amount of thymine?
a. Rosalind Franklin
c. Erwin Chargaff
b. James Watson
d. Francis Crick
31. Which scientist made DNA images by using X-ray diffraction?
a. Rosalind Franklin
c. Erwin Chargaff
b. James Watson
d. Francis Crick
32. In RNA the base thymine is replaced with what base?
a. Protein
c. Cytosine
b. Uracil
d. Adenine
33. Each set of three bases is a code for
a. a specific cell.
c. a specific ribosome.
b. a specific chromosome. d. a specific amino acid.
34. The first step in making a protein is
a. RNA copying DNA.
c. mRNA going to
ribosome.
b. tRNA matching mRNA d. amino acids linked
together.
35. An added gene is what type of mutation?
a. deletion
c. insertion
b. substitution
d. ultraviolet
36. Using DNA to identify who committed a crime is
a. genetic engineering.
c. genetic disease.
b. DNA fingerprinting.
d. DNA cloning.
37. The code for a given amino acid consists of how
many bases? (genetic code is read in groups of _____)
a. one
c. three
b. two
d. four
38. Genetic disorders, like sickle cell anemia, are due to
a. a ribosome.
c. a DNA fingerprint.
b. a mutation.
d. genetic engineering.
39. What is the complementary strand to T A G T C A ?
a. ATGAGT.
c. GTAGAT.
b. GACAGT.
d. ATCAGT.
40. What determines how tall you grow and whether
your hair is curly or straight?
a. a chromatid
c. proteins
b. RNA
d. ultraviolet radiation