Download Lab 4-The Cell

Biology 101
PCC-Cascade
Pre-lab homework Lab 4: The Cell
Lab Section:___________________
Name:______________________________
After reading over the lab and chapter 5 in your textbook, answer these questions to be turned in at the
beginning of the lab!
1. Define organelle
2. What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?
3. In which kingdoms will you find organisms composed of prokaryotic cells?
4. In which kingdoms will you find organisms composed of eukaryotic cells?
5. Which organelle(s) are found only in plant-like eukaryotic cells?
6. Which organelle(s) are found only in animal-like eukaryotic cells?
Hint: If you want to get a “jump” on this lab feel free to complete the tables on pages 4 and 5 prior to
coming to lab. Your textbook will help you with this!
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Biology 101
PCC-Cascade
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Biology 101
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Name_____________________________________________
Lab 4 - The Cell
Cells are referred to as the basic structural and functional units of living things. Even
though cells are extremely small, we can look inside for even smaller structural
components.
There are two basic cell types found in living organisms. Prokaryotic cells are found in
members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea. When we look inside these cells we do
not see smaller membrane bound structures. These cells work just fine but their
organization is very simple.
Eukaryotic cells are found in members of the domain Eukarya. Which Kingdoms are
found in this Domain?
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Eukaryotic cells are composed of smaller membrane bound structures called organelles.
Each organelle has a specific function for the cell. Within Eukarya there are two cell
subtypes: plant-like cells and animal-like cells. These subtypes share most of the
organelles but there are a few differences between them. Within the domain Eukarya the
Kingdom Animalia has animal-like cells. Which other kingdom(s) have animal-like
cells?
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Within the domain Eukarya the kingdom Plante has plant-like cells. Which other
kingdom(s) have plant-like cells?
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Below is a list of organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Complete the table by drawing a
sketch of the organelle (make it good enough that you can tell the organelles apart!) and
stating its function. Also note whether this organelle is found in plant-like cells, animallike cells or both.
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Biology 101
ORGANELLE
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SKETCH
FUNCTION
cell wall
plasma membrane
nucleus
nucleolus
cytoskeleton:
microtubules
microfilaments
mitochondria
chloroplast
rough endoplasmic
reticulum
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PLANT OR
ANIMAL
CELL?
Biology 101
ORGANELLE
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SKETCH
FUNCTION
PLANT OR
ANIMAL
CELL?
ribosome
smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
golgi apparatus
(body)
lysosome
vacuole
The following organelles were not discussed in the video. Use your textbook (or others
found in lab) to complete the following table:
ORGANELLE
SKETCH
FUNCTION
cilia
flagellum
centriole
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PLANT OR
ANIMAL CELL?
Biology 101
PCC-Cascade
Now you will be working with a partner to create a model of a specific eukaryotic cell.
Who are you working with? ______________________________________________
You and your partner have been assigned a cell from which to create a model. What is the
name of the organism?
______________________________________________________________________
Is the cell you are modeling an animal-like cell or a plant-like cell?
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Focus your cell on the microscope. You will want a total magnification of 400X.
Which organelles from your list can you see using your microscope?
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Now you are ready to create a model. Start with only the organelles you can see in the
microscope. You will create your model on the tray provided and use play-doh to make
the organelles. Be sure that each organelle you add to your cell looks different from the
other organelles (they should not all look like little round blobs).
Once you have completed this part of the model have your instructor check it. Be sure
you can explain to your instructor which organelles you have included and what they do!
INSTRUCTOR INITIALS: _______________________________________________
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Were you surprised by the number of organelles you could see at 400X? _____________
Most of the organelles are so small we cannot see them with a light microscope (like
yours!). In order to see most organelles we would need an electron microscope that can
magnify more than a hundred thousand times! Now pretend you are looking through an
electron microscope and add to your model all the other organelles you find in the type of
cell you have.
You now have a complete model of either an animal-like cell or a plant-like cell. Find a
group that has completed a model of the type of cell you did not do (if you did an animallike cell find a group that did a plant-like cell or visa versa).
Who are the people in this group?
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Compare your models. Whichever group created an animal-like cell should point out the
organelles unique to animal-like cells. Whichever group created a plant-like cell should
point out the organelles unique to plant-like cells.
Which organelle(s) are found only in the plant-like cell?
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Which organelle(s) are found only in the animal-like cell?
______________________________________________________________________
Some organisms are composed of a single cell (unicellular) while other organisms are
composed of many cells (multicellular). Humans are an example of a multicellular
organism. In humans you will find muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells, gland cells, blood
cells etc. All of these cells are animal-like (since humans are in the kingdom Animalia!)
but they will look different because of their unique jobs in the body.
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Biology 101
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Several microscopes have been set up with different types of human cells. Look at each
type of cell and sketch the shape of the cell. How do you think the shape relates to the
function of the cell?
Cell Type
Why do you think this cell
has this shape?
Sketch
(name on slide)
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