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Name__________________________________ Date____________ Period ___________________ 1 RNA RNA is a copy of DNA that goes out into the cytoplasm to tell the cell what to do in order to stay alive RNA: ribonucleic acid You can always make more ____ so it’s ok if it gets destroyed (You can’t make more ____!!!) DNA RNA How many ____ ___ strands? Nucleotide subunit _____ Group _____________ Sugar ____ Base _____ Group _______ Sugar ____ Base Bases Thymine (T) _______(U) _–A T–A Adenine (A) Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Guanine (G) G–C G–C Cytosine (C) Cytosine (C) Transcription Definition: _____ is made from 1 gene in _____ The type of RNA made is called ____ (messenger RNA) because it sends a message from DNA to the cytoplasm DNA safe in the nucleus Uses mRNA To send a message to the cytoplasm Source: http://alex.state.al.us/lesson_view.php?id=23923 Name__________________________________ Date____________ Period ___________________ 2 Transcription o Unzip one gene in _____ o Match up bases to ____side of gene in DNA o mRNA detaches from the _____ o mRNA moves out of the nucleus and into the __________ Practice: DNA: GAG AAC TAG TAC AAT ACC TAT CGG GGG CAT RNA: ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ _____ DNA mRNA Transcription happens in the ______. An RNA copy of a gene is made. Then the mRNA that has been made moves out of the nucleus mRNA Cytoplasm of cell Once in the ________, the mRNA is used to make a protein. Source: http://alex.state.al.us/lesson_view.php?id=23923 Name__________________________________ Date____________ Period ___________________ 3 How does mRNA tell the cell what to do? mRNA is a _________ that codes for a ____________ Proteins are made in the ________ and then work to keep the cell alive Translation (__________synthesis): process of making a protein Proteins are made up of ________ _______ (small building blocks) There are 20 different types of amino acids Amino Acids Source: http://alex.state.al.us/lesson_view.php?id=23923 Name__________________________________ Date____________ Period ___________________ 4 Nucleus Process of Translation 1. mRNA moves out of the _______ and into the __________ Cytoplasm 2. mRNA attatches to a ___________ Ribosome 3.Transfer RNA (tRNA) decodes the mRNA and brings the ____ ____to build up the protein. tRNA Amino acid Anticodon (3 bases on tRNA): Matches up to codons on mRNA 4. Protein (chain of amino acids) and detaches from ribosome and goes off to work in the cell. rRNA- Combines with proteins to make ribosomes. Source: http://alex.state.al.us/lesson_view.php?id=23923 Name__________________________________ Date____________ Period ___________________ 5 Genetic Code Code that matches codons in mRNA to amino acids on tRNAs 1 Translation Transcription DNA ________ to make proteins are safely stored in the nucleus RNA _______ the directions to the cytoplasm Protein Work to keep the cell alive Source: http://alex.state.al.us/lesson_view.php?id=23923