Download 3/10 Kingdom PROTISTA •algae, protozoa, and slime molds •have

Kingdom PROTISTA
•algae, protozoa, and slime molds
•have true cells and membrane organelles (some very complex)
•protozoa are usually unicellular and sometimes colonial
•algae may be unicellular, multicellular, or colonial
•slime molds are usually multinucelated, but not multicellular
Subkingdom Algae
Phyla: CHLOROPHYTA (green, plant) green algae
BACILLARIOPHYTA (little stick, plant) - diatoms
DINOFLAGELLATA (whirling, whip) - dinoflagellates
PHAEOPHYTA (brown, plant) - brown algae
RHODOPHYTA (red, plant) - red algae
CHRYSOPHYTA (golden, plant)- yellow algae
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size: microns (1/1,000 of a millimeter) to 73 meters (brown algae)
unicellular or colonial, multicellular algae have no tissue differentiation, and are
therefore not considered to be plants
possess chlorophyll and other pigments thus autotrophic
reproduction: sexual and asexual
basic to all aquatic food chains
produce 60+% of atmospheric oxygen,
Subkingdom Protozoa
Phylum: EUGLENOPHYTA (true, eyeball, plant)-the euglenoids
Phylum: ZOOMASTIGINA (animal, whip)- locomotion by flagella
• all heterotrophic, usually by forming a vacuole around the food and absorbing it
• marina and freshwater habitats
• one to many flagella
• most are unicellular but some colonial
• reproduction: fission (asexual) and rarely sexual
• primary consumer, basic to higher heterotrophic levels, decomposers, some
pathogenic (harmful) organisms
Phylum: RHIZOPODA (root, foot) -Amoeba, foraminifera, radiolaria
• locomotion by means of pseudopodia (false feet)
• marine, freshwater, and terrestrial forms
• active ingestion, heterotrophic, many are parasites, some pathogenic (amoebic
dysentery)
• contractile and food vacuoles, few other organelles,
• reproduction by fission
• some have shells, forming earth deposits (White Cliffs of Dover)
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Phylum: CILIOPHORA (eyelash, bearing)-the ciliates
• cilia and a coordinated mechanism for movement
• usually have two nuclei
• highly complex organelles - gullet, anus, contractile fibers
• reproduction by fission or conjugation
• heterotrophic (although some autotrophs are known), decomposer, food chains, some
pathogenic
• marine and freshwater species
Phylum: SPOROZOA (spore, animal)• all are spore forming parasites of animals
• no structures for locomotion present
• complicated sexual reproductive cycle usually involving one to several host animals
• many pathogenic forms (Plasmodium - malaria in humans)
Fungal-like Protists
Divisions:
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OOMYCOTA- water molds
CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA- chytrids
ACRASIOMYCOTA- cellular slime molds
MYXOMYCOTA- plasmodial slime molds
these may be relatives of the fungi, but are very different from each other
all four divisions are heterotrophic
water molds and cellular slime molds have cell walls made of cellulose
chytrids have cell walls made of chitin, and may be the closest relative to the fungi;
have no true cells, just many nuclei in one cell
plasmodial slime molds have no cell walls, and no true cells, just a lot of nuclei inside
one cell membrane
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