Download Cell Structures Study Sheet

Cell Structures Study Sheet
Essential Question: How are we slaves to our cells?
Key Terms
cell theory
prokaryotic cell
ATP
microfilament
chloroplasts
vacuole
plasma (cell) membrane
nucleus
nuclear envelope (membrane)
eukaryotic cell
microtubule
cell wall
lysosomes
mitochondria
vesicles
cytoskeleton
organelle
nucleolus
nucleoid
cytoplasm/cytosol
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
centrioles
Study Questions
1. State the 3 parts of the cell theory.
2. Describe how microscopes help us study cells, and how the parts of the compound light microscope work.
3. Why do organisms (unicellular & multicellular) need to make more cells?
4. What structures are found in all prokaryotic cell?
5. What structures are found in all eukaryotic cells?
6. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
7. Explain the importance of the cell’s small size and its need for a large surface area to volume ratio.
8. What does the “efficiency” of a cell refer to?
9. What types of cells are more chemically active and why? What makes an organism chemically active?
10. Compare and contrast animal and plant cells.
11. Describe each organelle’s role in cell function, including how each helps the cell/organism survive.
12. How do the cell and its organelles utilize the four macromolecules in its functions?
13. Describe the pathway of a protein, from synthesis to when it finally exits the cell. Include the organelles & explain
what happens at each.
14. Describe the pathway of glucose in both plant & animal cells. Include the organelles & explain what happens at each.
Online Activities: Chapter 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.6
1. www.phschool.com/el_marketing.html
2. Click on the Biology book
3. Click on Web Site
4. Login: bioyang, Password: tigers09
5. Click on Biology book again
6. Click on assigned unit, then assigned chapter sections
Questions for Flash Cards
General Cell Information
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Describe the 3 parts of the Cell Theory.
Why are cells so small?
What materials do cells need to move into them for chemical reactions?
What materials are considered waste materials & must be moved out of cells?
What factors determine a cell’s efficiency?
Why do unicellular organisms make new cells?
Why do multicellular organisms make new cells?
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
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What does the DNA of prokaryotic cells look like?
What does the DNA of eukaryotic cells look like?
Where is the DNA of prokaryotic cells located?
Where is the DNA of eukaryotic cells located?
What are plasmids?
Which types of organisms are made of prokaryotic cells?
Which types of organisms are made of eukaryotic cells?
Which organelles are found in both prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells?
Organelles
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Which organelle is responsible for storing the instructions to build an organism?
Which organelle is responsible for making food?
Which organelle is responsible for providing energy for chemical reactions?
Which organelle is responsible for providing shape & support to plant cells?
Which organelle is responsible for providing shape to animal cells?
Which organelle is responsible for storing extra food, water & other materials?
Which organelle holds digestive enzymes for breaking down food, wastes, and other polymers?
Which organelle is responsible for building an organism’s proteins?
Which organelle provides passageways for molecules to travel throughout the cell?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying & packaging up proteins & lipids?
Which organelle is used for moving polymers into & out of a cell?
Which organelle controls the movement of materials into & out of the cell?
Which organelles are responsible for the creation of new cells?
Which organelle helps to divide up the cell?
Which organelle contains fluid to help hold the other organelles in place?
The production of a protein secretion takes place in which organelle?
The production of a structure or trait takes place in which organelle?
Which organelles are directly used in the formation of a protein?
Which macromolecule does the nucleus hold?
Which macromolecule is only made by a plant cell?
Which macromolecule is made by the ribosome?
Which macromolecule is used by the mitochondria?
Which macromolecule is found in & used by lysosomes?
Which macromolecule is the cell membrane made of?
Which macromolecule is the cell wall of plants made of?
Which macromolecule is moved out of the cell by vesicles?
Which macromolecules are stored in the vacuole?
Which macromolecule tells the ribosome how to do its job?
Answer Key
1. All living things are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in living things. All cells come
from preexisting cells.
2. smaller cells are more efficient at moving materials into & out of it
3. oxygen, monomers (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, glycerol), ions, water
4. carbon dioxide, ammonia
5. surface area to volume ratio
6. to reproduce & make new members of their species
7. to grow, to develop, & to replace worn out cells
8. circular
9. linear
10. in the nucleoid region
11. in the nucleus
12. extra pieces of DNA in prokaryotic cells
13. bacteria
14. animals, plants, fungi, protists
15. cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
16. nucleus
17. chloroplast
18. mitochondria
19. cell wall
20. cytoskeleton
21. vacuole
22. lysosome
23. ribosome
24. endoplasmic reticulum
25. Golgi apparatus
26. vesicle
27. cell membrane
28. nucleus, centrioles
29. centrioles
30. cytoplasm
31. endoplasmic reticulum
32. cytoplasm
33. nucleus, ribosome
34. nucleic acids
35. carbohydrate
36. protein
37. carbohydrate
38. protein
39. lipid
40. carbohydrate
41. protein
42. carbohydrate, lipids, proteins
43. nucleic acid