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History Of Modern Psychology Phrenology 19th Century The skull takes its shape from the brain, so reading the surface of the skull you can read the psychological aptitudes and tendencies. The only true science of the mind. Charles Darwin Study animals to understand human behavior. William Wundt Father of Psychology German First Psychology Lab 1874 Structuralism- analysis of sensations & feelings through use of Introspection Introspection – inspection of one’s own thoughts Found Unreliable & Unscientific William James American 1st Psychology Lab in US 1875 Harvard College Functionalism – How behavior works to help people to live in their environment Stream of Thought (Consciousness) The whole continuous & changing He suffered from depression Ivan Pavlov Russian Behaviorist Classical Conditioning and Uncontrolled responses John B. Watson American Behaviorist Emotional Conditioning B.F. Skinner American Behaviorist Operant Conditioning Reinforcements & Punishments Associations Sigmund Freud Austrian Psychoanalysis Unconscious mind & early childhood experiences cause adult personality and behavior Carl Rogers American Humanism Fully-Functioning Self Free Will & Self Determination