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Name 1) What is the overall charge of an ion that has 12 protons, 10 electrons, and 14 neutrons? 1) 2– 2) 2+ 3) 4– 4) 4+ 2) Which conclusion was a direct result of the gold foil experiment? 1) An atom is mostly empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus. 2) An atom is composed of at least three types of subatomic particles. 3) An electron has a positive charge and is located inside the nucleus. 4) An electron has properties of both waves and particles. 3) What is the charge of the nucleus in an atom of oxygen-17? 1) 0 2) –2 3) +8 4) +17 4) All the isotopes of a given atom have 1) the same mass number and the same atomic number 2) the same mass number but different atomic numbers 3) different mass numbers but the same atomic number 4) different mass numbers and different atomic numbers Midterm Review 2017 5) A 100.00-gram sample of naturally occurring boron contains 19.78 grams of boron-10 (atomic mass = 10.01 atomic mass units) and 80.22 grams of boron-11 (atomic mass = 11.01 atomic mass units). Which numerical setup can be used to determine the atomic mass of naturally occurring boron? 1) (0.1978)(10.01) + (0.8022)(11.01) 2) (0.8022)(10.01) + (0.1978)(11.01) 3) (0.1978)(10.01)/(0.8022)(11.01) 4) (0.8022)(10.01)/(0.1978)(11.01) 6) What is the maximum number of electrons in the third shell of an atom? 1) 6 2) 9 3) 3 4) 18 7) A bromine atom in an excited state could have an electron configuration of 1) 2-8-18-6 2) 2-8-18-7 3) 2-8-17-7 4) 2-8-17-8 8) Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state? 1) 2-8-2 2) 2-8-1 3) 2-8 4) 2-7-2 9) The diagram below represents the bright-line spectra of four elements and a bright-line spectrum produced by a mixture of three of these elements. Which element is not present in the mixture? 1) A 2) D 3) X 10) According to the wave-mechanical model of the atom, electrons in an atom 4) Z 12) The elements in Period 3 all have the same number of 1) travel in defined circles 1) valence electrons 2) are most likely found in an excited state 2) orbitals containing electrons 3) have a positive charge 4) principal energy levels containing electrons 4) are located in orbitals outside the nucleus 11) Which atom in the ground state has the same electron configuration as a calcium ion, Ca 2+ , in the ground state? 1) Ar 2) K 3) Mg 4) Ne 3) sublevels containing electrons 13) Which reaction is an example of natural transmutation? 1) 2) 3) 4) Midterm Review 2017 14) Given the reaction: 17) What is the half-life and decay mode of Rn-222? 1) 1.91 days and alpha decay 2) 1.91 days and beta decay Which type of emanation is represented by X? 3) 3.82 days and alpha decay 4) 3.82 days and beta decay 1) alpha particle 2) beta particle 3) proton 4) positron 15) In the reaction what does X represent? , 1) a neutron 2) a proton 3) an alpha particle 4) a beta particle 16) A mixture of emanations from radioactive atoms is passed through electrically charged plates, as shown in the diagram below. 18) How many days are required for 200. grams of radon-222 to decay to 50.0 grams? 1) 1.91 days 2) 3.82 days 3) 7.64 days 4) 11.5 days 19) In which reaction is mass converted to energy by the process of fission? 1) 2) 3) 4) 20) Which balanced equation represents nuclear fusion? 1) 2) 3) 4) The nuclear emanations 1, 2, and 3 are called, respectively, 21) Given the equation: 1) alpha, beta, and gamma 2) beta, gamma, and alpha 3) gamma, alpha, and beta 4) gamma, beta, and alpha When the equation is balanced correctly, which particle is represented by X? 1) Midterm Review 2017 2) 3) 4) 22) The energy released in a fusion reaction comes from 1) a conversion of some of the reactant's mass 2) the formation of chemical bonds by the reactants 3) the loss of kinetic energy of the reactants 4) the splitting of a nucleus 23) Which radioactive isotope is used in geological dating? 1) uranium-238 2) iodine-131 3) cobalt-60 4) technetium-99 24) Which radioisotope is used to treat thyroid disorders? 1) Co-60 2) I-131 3) C-14 4) U-238 25) Which statement explains why nuclear waste materials may pose a problem? 1) They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for brief periods of time. 2) They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for extended periods of time. 3) They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for brief periods of time. 4) They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for extended periods of time. Midterm Review 2017 26) Which list includes elements with the most similar chemical properties? 1) Br, Ga, Hg 2) Cr, Pb, Xe 3) O, S, Se 4) N, O, F 27) Which list of elements contains a metal, a metalloid, a nonmetal, and a noble gas? 1) Be, Si, Cl, Kr 2) C, N, Ne, Ar 3) K, Fe, B, F 4) Na, Zn, As, Sb 28) An element that is malleable and a good conductor of heat and electricity could have an atomic number of 1) 16 2) 18 3) 29 4) 35 29) What are two properties of most nonmetals? 1) high ionization energy and poor electrical conductivity 2) high ionization energy and good electrical conductivity 3) low ionization energy and poor electrical conductivity 4) low ionization energy and good electrical conductivity 30) Which group in the Periodic Table contains elements that are all monatomic gases at STP? 1) 15 2) 16 3) 17 4) 18 31) Which element is a metal that is in the liquid phase at STP? 36) Which ionic compound dissolves in water to form a colored solution? 1) bromine 2) cobalt 1) Ca(NO 3)2 2) Cu(NO 3)2 3) hydrogen 4) mercury 3) KNO 3 4) Al(NO 3)3 32) Which Lewis electron-dot diagram is correct for a S 2– ion? 1) 2) 3) 4) 37) As the elements is Period 3 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, there is a general decrease in 1) atomic mass 2) atomic radius 3) electronegativity 33) Which electron-dot symbol correctly represents an atom of its given element? 1) 2) 3) 4) 34) In the formula X 2O5 , the symbol X could represent an element in Group 1) 1 2) 2 3) 15 4) 18 35) Which is a common characteristic of the elements Rb, Te, I, and Xe in the ground state? 4) first ionization energy 38) As the elements of Group 17 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, there is an increase in 1) atomic radius 2) electronegativity 3) first ionization energy 4) number of electrons in the first shell 39) When an atom of phosphorus becomes a phosphide ion (P 3–), the radius 1) They have the same number of valence electrons. 1) decreases 2) They have similar chemical properties. 3) remains the same 3) They have electrons occupying the same number of principal energy levels. 4) They have completely filled principal energy levels. Midterm Review 2017 2) increases 40) Which group in the Periodic Table contains elements that form ions which are larger than their atoms? 1) 1 2) 2 3) 13 4) 17 41) Which statement describes the general trends in metallic properties as the elements in Period 2 are considered in order of increasing atomic number? 1) Metallic properties remains same. 2) Metallic properties increase. 3) Metallic properties increase and then decrease. 4) Metallic properties decrease. 42) Atoms of which element have the greatest tendency to gain electrons? 1) bromine 2) chlorine 3) fluorine 4) iodine 43) As elements of Group 1 of the Periodic Table are considered in order from top to bottom, the ionization energy of each successive element decreases. This decrease is due to 1) decreasing radius and decreasing shielding effect 2) decreasing radius and increasing shielding effect 3) increasing radius and decreasing shielding effect 4) increasing radius and increasing shielding effect 44) Which sequence correctly places the elements in order of increasing ionization energy? 45) Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to the chemical properties of sodium? 1) Mg 2) K 3) Se 4) Cl 46) Which substance can not be broken down by a chemical change? 1) ammonia 2) arsenic 3) ethane 4) propanal 47) Which type of matter is composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion? 1) solution 2) compound 3) homogeneous mixture 4) heterogeneous mixture 48) Which substance can be broken down by a chemical change? 1) antimony 2) carbon 3) hexane 4) sulfur 49) The list below shows four samples: A, B, C, and D. (A) HCl(aq) (B) NaCl(aq) (C) HCl(g) (D) NaCl(s) Which samples are mixtures? 1) H ® Li ® Na ® K 1) A and B 2) A and C 2) I ® Br ® Cl ® F 3) C and B 4) C and D 3) O ® S ® Se ® Te 4) H ® Be ® Al ® Ga Midterm Review 2017 50) What is the chemical formula for iron(III) oxide? 57) Which statement describes a chemical property of silicon? 1) FeO 2) Fe 2O3 1) Silicon has a blue-gray color. 3) Fe 3O 4) Fe 3O2 2) Silicon is a brittle solid at 20.°C. 51) What is the total number of different elements present in ? 1) 7 2) 9 3) 3 4) 4 52) What is the name of the polyatomic ion in the compound Na2O2? 1) hydroxide 2) oxalate 3) oxide 4) peroxide 53) Which is a binary compound? 1) CaCl2 2) KOH 3) NaNO 3 4) MgSO 4 54) What is the correct formula for ammonium carbonate? 1) NH 4(CO 3)2 2) NH 4CO 3 3) (NH4)2(CO 3)2 4) (NH4)2CO 3 55) Which compound contains only two elements? 3) Silicon melts at 1414°C. 4) Silicon reacts with fluorine. 58) An example of a physical property of an element is the element’s ability to 1) react with an acid 2) react with oxygen 3) form a compound with chlorine 4) form an aqueous solution 59) Which element forms an ionic compound when it reacts with lithium? 1) K 2) Fe 3) Kr 4) Br 60) Which formula represents an ionic compound? 1) H 2 2) CH4 3) CH3OH 4) NH 4Cl 61) Which of the following solids has the highest melting point? 1) potassium hydroxide 1) H 2O(s) 2) Na2O(s) 2) magnesium sulfate 3) SO2(s) 4) CO 2(s) 3) aluminum oxide 4) ammonium chloride 56) In a sample of solid Ba(NO3)2, the ratio of barium ions to nitrate ions is 1) 1:1 2) 1:2 3) 1:3 4) 1:6 62) Which two substances are covalent compounds? 1) C6 H 12 O6 (s) and KI(s) 2) C6 H 12 O6 (s) and HCl(g) 3) KI(s) and NaCl(s) 4) NaCl(s) and HCl(g) Midterm Review 2017 63) Which type of bonding is found in all molecular substances? 1) covalent bonding 2) hydrogen bonding 3) ionic bonding 4) metallic bonding 64) Which type of substance is soft, has a low melting point, and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity? 1) network solid 2) molecular solid 3) metallic solid 4) ionic solid 65) Which substance contains metallic bonds? 1) Hg( ) 2) H 2O( ) 3) NaCl(s) 4) C6H 12O6(s) 66) Conductivity in a metal results from the metal atoms having 1) high electronegativity 2) high ionization energy 3) highly mobile protons in the nucleus 4) highly mobile electrons in the valence shell Midterm Review 2017 67) What occurs as two atoms of fluorine combine to become a molecule of fluorine? 1) A bond is formed as energy is absorbed. 2) A bond is formed as energy is released. 3) A bond is broken as energy is absorbed. 4) A bond is broken as energy is released. 68) Which bond is least polar? 1) As–Cl 2) Bi–Cl 3) P–Cl 4) N–Cl 69) Which pair of elements below will form a compound with the greatest ionic character? 1) Pb and F 2) Ca and O 3) Na and Cl 4) Cs and N 70) Which electron-dot diagram best represents a compound that contains both ionic and covalent bonds? 1) 2) 3) 4) 71) Given the balanced equation representing a reaction: 73) The diagram below represents a portion of a 100-milliliter graduated cylinder. Which statement describes the changes in energy and bonding for the reactant? 1) Energy is absorbed as bonds in H 2O are formed. 2) Energy is absorbed as bonds in H 2O are broken. 3) Energy is released as bonds in H2O are formed. 4) Energy is released as bonds in H2O are broken. 72) Which Lewis electron-dot diagram represents a molecule having a nonpolar covalent bond? 1) 2) 3) 4) Midterm Review 2017 What is the reading of the meniscus? 1) 35.0 mL 2) 36.0 mL 3) 44.0 mL 4) 45.0 mL 74) Which device should be used to accurately measure a volume of 16.30 milliliters? 1) 2) 3) 4) 75) Which mass measurement contains four significant figures? 79) An ionic bond can be formed when one or more electrons are 1) 0.086 g 2) 0.431 g 1) equally shared by two atoms 3) 1003 g 4) 3870 g 2) unequally shared by two atoms 76) What is the product of (2.324 cm × 1.11 cm) expressed to the correct number of significant figures? 1) 2.58 cm2 2) 2.5780 cm 2 3) 2.5796 cm 2 4) 2.57964 cm2 77) Which activity is considered a proper laboratory technique? 1) heating the contents of an open test tube held vertically over a flame 2) heating the contents of a test tube that has been closed with a stopper 3) adding water to concentrated acids 4) adding concentrated acids to water 78) Radioisotopes used for medical diagnosis must have 1) long half-lives and be quickly eliminated by the body 2) long half-lives and be slowly eliminated by the body 3) short half-lives and be quickly eliminated by the body 4) short half-lives and be slowly eliminated by the body Midterm Review 2017 3) transferred from the nucleus of one atom to the nucleus of another atom 4) transferred from the valence shell of one atom to the valence shell of another atom 80) An atom of an element has a total of 12 electrons. An ion of the same element has a total of 10 electrons. Which statement describes the charge and radius of the ion? 1) The ion is positively charged and its radius is smaller than the radius of the atom. 2) The ion is positively charged and its radius is larger than the radius of the atom. 3) The ion is negatively charged and its radius is smaller than the radius of the atom. 4) The ion is negatively charged and its radius is larger than the radius of the atom.