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Ionization Energy
 The amount of energy required to remove an electron
from an atom.
 Trend:
 Increases left to right across a row.
 Increases bottom to top of a column.
 Ex: Which of the following elements has the highest 1st
ionization energy? Na, Al, Cl, or Mg?
 Ex: Which of the following elements has the highest 1st
ionization energy? K, Rb, H, or Li?
Electronegativity
 The force with which a nucleus is attracted to its
electrons
 How strongly an atom holds on to its electrons
 Trend
 Increases left to right across a row
 Increases bottom to top of a column.
 Ex: Which of the following elements has the highest
electronegativity? Na, Al, Cl, or Mg?
 Ex: Which of the following elements has the highest
electronegativity? K, Rb, H, or Li?
Atomic and ionic radius
 The size of an atom or ion (we’ll talk about ions later)
 Trend
 Increases right to left of a row
 Increases top to bottom of a column.
 Ex: Which of the following elements has the largest
atomic radius? Na, Al, Cl, or Mg?
 Ex: Which of the following elements has the largest
atomic radius? K, Rb, H, or Li?
Practice
 What is the name of column 1 on the periodic table?
 What is the name of column 17 on the periodic table?
 How many valence electrons do the noble gases have?
 Draw the lewis dot diagram for arsenic.