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DNA_Practice
Name:
1.
Date:
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell?
A.
to store the genetic instructions needed to specify traits
B.
to release energy by breaking down food molecules
C.
to transport nutrients into and out of the cell
D. to protect the cell from microorganisms
2.
The mold Aspergillus avus grows on grain. A. avus produces a toxin that binds to DNA in the bodies of
animals that eat the grain.
The binding of the toxin to DNA blocks transcription, so it directly interferes with the ability of an animal cell to
do which of the following?
A.
transport glucose across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm
B.
produce ATP using energy released from glucose and other nutrients
C.
transfer proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi complexes
D. send protein-building instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and ribosomes
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DNA_Practice
3.
The diagram below represents part of a process that occurs in cells.
Which process is represented?
A.
4.
meiosis
B.
osmosis
C.
replication
Which of the following describes DNA replication in eukaryotic cells?
A.
A copy of the DNA is made in the nucleus.
B.
A molecule of RNA is produced from the DNA.
C.
Each strand of DNA is combined with a strand of RNA.
D. Each strand of DNA is separated into a new chromosome.
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D. translation
DNA_Practice
5.
6.
In a eukaryotic cell, which of the following processes directly involves DNA?
A.
translation
B.
cellular respiration
C.
active transport of ions
D. replication of chromosomes
The diagram below represents the beginning and end products of a process that occurs in the nucleus of a cell.
Which process does the diagram represent?
A.
7.
B.
replication
C.
transcription
D. translation
A laboratory technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) produces millions of copies of a DNA molecule in
only a few hours. PCR is most similar to which of the following cellular processes?
A.
8.
recombination
mitosis
B.
replication
C.
transcription
D. translocation
The following cell structures are located within cells that make proteins. Which description best explains the
relationship among these cell structures in making a protein?
nucleus
ribosome
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
A.
nucleus makes protein ! protein winds through the ER ! protein folds into its active shape
B.
nucleus directs ER to assemble the protein ! ribosomes surround protein ! protein folds into its active shape
C.
ER creates protein ! DNA in the nucleus codes for ribosomes to surround protein ! protein folds into its
active shape
D. DNA in nucleus codes for protein ! protein assembled in ribosomes and moves to ER ! protein folds into
its active shape
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DNA_Practice
9.
Which organelle stores genetic information?
A.
10.
B.
nucleus
C.
mitochondrion
D. vacuole
Protein synthesis occurs at which of the structures shown below?
A.
11.
agellum
I
B.
II
C.
III
D. IV
key : lock
D. baker : pie
Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below?
tRNA : ribosome
A.
book : publisher
B.
truck : factory
C.
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DNA_Practice
12.
This diagram represents a cell.
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
B.
A.
13.
osmosis
B.
photosynthesis
C.
protein synthesis
D. respiration
Which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging the proteins that the cell secretes?
A.
15.
D.
A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be
stopped?
A.
14.
C.
cytoskeleton
B.
cell membrane
C.
lysosome
D. Golgi apparatus
membranes
D. mitochondria
Which of these are used directly to make proteins in all cells?
A.
nuclei
B.
ribosomes
C.
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DNA_Practice
16.
Use the information below to answer the following question(s).
Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives attached to the side of a tree. An organism from this
new species
is multicellular
has cell walls
has vascular tissues
makes its own food
has structures that absorb moisture from the air
The scientists learned that this organism produces a special protein that prevents it from freezing in cold weather.
Which of these contains the information for making this protein?
A.
17.
a vacuole
B.
a lipid
C.
a vitamin
D. a gene
Which of these statements best explains how genes and proteins are related?
A.
Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins.
B.
C.
Genes are the building blocks of proteins.
D. Proteins are the building blocks of genes.
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Proteins are segments of DNA that code for genes.
DNA_Practice
18.
Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s).
Part of the process of protein synthesis is shown below. The di erent structures in this process are
numbered 1 through 5.
Structure 2 in the diagram represents a
A.
19.
mitochondrion
C.
protein
D. chloroplast
nucleus
B.
cytoplasm
C.
vacuole
D. chromosome
C.
mitochondria
D. nucleus
changing nitrogen bases into amino acids
Structure 1 is produced in what part of the cell?
A.
21.
B.
The process shown in the diagram occurs in the
A.
20.
ribosome
vacuole
B.
cytoplasm
What is one role of transfer RNA in the cell?
A.
preparing the genes for messenger RNA
B.
C.
preparing messenger RNA for the ribosomes
D. carrying amino acids to the ribosomes
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DNA_Practice
22.
Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s).
The diagram below shows stages of cell division of an amoeba, a unicellular organism.
CELL DIVISION IN AN AMOEBA
Scientists have found that the rate of division in amoebas is controlled. Scientists believe that the transition from
stage 2 to stage 3 is slowed by proteins. The additional time seems to help the amoeba change coding errors
caused during DNA replication.
Specialized proteins control cell division in the amoeba. Which cell part is responsible for making these proteins?
A.
23.
mitochondrion
B.
nucleus
C.
pseudopod
D. ribosome
How can two plant cells from the same plant have di erent structures and functions?
A.
Genes do not control the structure and function of a plant cell.
B.
Sexual reproduction provides for genetic variation in plant cells.
C.
Certain genes are turned on in one cell and turned o
in the other cell.
D. Di erent cells in the plant have di erent DNA.
24.
Which part of a plant cell contains the chromosomes?
A.
vacuole
B.
ribosome
C.
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nucleus
D. cytoplasm
DNA_Practice
25.
Which of the following statements about cell membranes is not true?
A.
They are barriers between the inside and outside of the cell.
B.
They contain proteins which perform a variety of transport functions.
C.
They are composed of phospholipids.
D. They allow DNA to move in and out of the cell.
26.
A strand of DNA consists of thousands of smaller, repeating units known as
A.
27.
D. polysaccarides
adenine
B.
uracil
C.
guanine
D. thymine
adenine
B.
cytosine
C.
thymine
D. guanine
cytosine and thymine
B.
adenine and thymine
C.
adenine and uracil
D. cytosine and uracil
uracil base
B.
thymine base
C.
ribose sugar
D. phosphate group
The DNA code for a particular amino acid contains a sequence of how many nucleotides?
A.
32.
nucleotides
All nucleotides of DNA and RNA contain a
A.
31.
C.
Which two bases are present in equal amounts in a double-stranded DNA molecule?
A.
30.
amino acids
Which nitrogenous base is normally present in DNA but absent from RNA?
A.
29.
B.
In molecules of DNA, which nitrogenous base bonds with adenine
A.
28.
lipids
5
B.
6
C.
3
D. 4
Which structure pairs with the adenine nucleotide during the formation of messenger RNA?
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D. 4
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DNA_Practice
33.
34.
Within which organelle does process 1 occur?
A.
ribosome
B.
C.
centriole
D. lysosome
The diagram represents a molecule of
A.
35.
DNA
B.
RNA
C.
ATP
D. FSH
Which two scientists proposed the double helix arrangement of this molecule
A.
36.
nucleus
Hardy and Weinberg
B.
Darwin and Lamarck
C.
Watson and Crick
D. Mendel and De Vries
C.
deoxyribose
D. an amino acid
Which is a structural component of a DNA nucleotide?
A.
glucose
B.
an enzyme
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DNA_Practice
37.
The group of atoms represented by the symbol labeled I is also present in molecules of
A.
38.
glucose
B.
uracil
C.
H2 O
D. ATP
A DNA nucleotide is composed of
A.
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
B.
C.
calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and iron
D. oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron
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carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and calcium
DNA_Practice
39.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents some biochemical
reactions involved in a cellular process, and on your knowledge of biology.
What is an example of a molecule produced by this type of process?
A.
glucose
B.
glycogen
C.
page 12
a fatty acid
D. a protein
DNA_Practice
40.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents some components involved
in cellular protein synthesis, and on your knowledge of biology.
Molecules C, D, and E will combine to form part of
A.
a polypeptide
B.
a polysaccharide
C.
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DNA
D. RNA
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DNA_Practice
04/08/2013
1.
Answer:
A
21.
Answer:
D
2.
Answer:
D
22.
Answer:
D
3.
Answer:
D
23.
Answer:
C
4.
Answer:
A
24.
Answer:
C
5.
Answer:
D
25.
Answer:
D
C
26.
Answer:
C
7.
Answer:
B
27.
Answer:
D
8.
Answer:
D
28.
Answer:
C
9.
Answer:
B
29.
Answer:
B
10.
Answer:
C
30.
Answer:
D
11.
Answer:
B
31.
Answer:
C
12.
Answer:
B
32.
Answer:
B
13.
Answer:
C
33.
Answer:
B
14.
Answer:
D
34.
Answer:
A
35.
Answer:
C
6.
Answer:
15.
16.
Answer:
D
17.
Answer:
36.
Answer:
C
A
18.
Answer:
37.
Answer:
D
A
19.
Answer:
38.
Answer:
A
B
20.
Answer:
39.
Answer:
D
D
40.
Answer:
A