Download The nucleus is responsible for storing the DNA that directs

ANSWER KEY
PART 1 - TRUE / FALSE
1. The nucleus is responsible for storing the DNA that directs all cell activities.
True
2. Animal cells contain chloroplasts, an organelle that contains chlorophyll. This allows animal cells to
make their own food through a process called photosynthesis.
False
3. Mitosis is a process in which cells divide, producing identical daughter cells.
True
4. Replication of the DNA ensures that each new cell contains genetically different information in its
nucleus.
False
5. In anaphase, the centromeres split and the spindle fibres pull the sister chromatids apart to the same sides
of the cell.
False
6. The gamete is the first body cell of a new organism.
False
7. Human gametes have 23 chromosomes and are called haploid.
True
8. The female reproductive organ in an angiosperm is called a stamen.
False
9. In self-pollination, two parent plants are needed to bring the gametes together.
10. Genetic variation affects the survival of a species.
False
True
11. Selective breeding involves breeding individuals with certain desirable traits to produce offspring with
similar traits.
True
12. Reproductive technology does not require the knowledge of cell biology and DNA.
13. DNA is made of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen bases.
False
True
14. Adenine is always combined with cytosine on the DNA molecule.
False
15. A codon is made of four consecutive nitrogenous bases, such as C - T - A - A.
16. Genetic engineering is a used to create transgenic organisms.
17. A karyotype is a photograph of a person's cells.
False
True
False
18. All human beings have 23 chromosomes in each of their body cells.
False
19. Biotechnology is the process that uses micro-organisms to break down the complex compounds in toxic
waste.
False
20. Micro-organisms can be used to break down toxic waste.
True
PART 2 – MATCHING
21. DNA replicates.
22. Centromeres divide.
23. Spindle fibres appear.
24. Chromosomes form a line across the equator.
25. Nuclear membrane reappears.
Ans:
21. e; 22. b; 23. c; 24. d; 25. a
26. A small piece breaks away to form a new individual.
27. A bud forms, grows, and breaks away.
28. A reproductive cell grows through cell division.
29. An organism splits into two new organisms.
30. Injured cells are repaired or lost body parts are grown.
Ans:
26. d; 27. e; 28. c; 29. b; 30. a
31. Homologous chromosomes line up at the equator.
32. Crossing-over occurs.
33. Individual chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
34. Individual chromosomes line up at the equator.
35. Chromosomes arrive at the poles and cell division begins.
Ans:
31. c; 32. a; 33. b; 34. d; 35. e
36. Produces seeds inside cones
37. Flowering plant
38. Seed begins to grow
39. Male and female gametes come from same plant
40. Gametes come from two different plants
Ans:
36. e; 37. a; 38. b; 39. c; 40. d
a. telophase
b. anaphase
c. prophase
d. metaphase
e. interphase
a. binary fission
b. regeneration
c. spore formation
d. budding
e. fragmentation
a. prophase I
b. anaphase II
c. metaphase I
d. metaphaseII
e. telophase II
a. angiosperm
b. germination
c. self-pollination
d. cross-pollination
e. gymnosperm
PART 3 – MULTIPLE CHOICE
41. Which organelle is called the "powerhouse of the cell"?
A)
ribosome
B)
endoplasmic reticulum
C)
nucleolus
D)
mitochondrion
D
42. Where are chlorophyll molecules stored in plant cells?
A)
chloroplasts
B)
mitochondria
C)
lysosomes
D)
vacuoles
A
43. Which of the following is not a component of the cell theory?
A)
Living organisms do not depend on their individual cells for support.
B)
All living organisms are made of at least one cell.
C)
The cell is the basic functional unit of all organisms.
D)
All cells come from previously existing cells.
A
44. In which phase do spindle fibres form?
A)
prophase
B)
metaphase
C)
anaphase
D)
telophase
A
45. In which phase do chromosomes line up at the equator?
A)
prophase
B)
metaphase
C)
anaphase
D)
telophase
B
46. Which process produces gametes?
A)
mitosis
B)
meiosis
C)
fertilization
D)
variation
B
47. How many chromosomes are there in the nucleus of a human sperm cell?
A)
3
B)
22
C)
46
D)
23
D
48. What do the ovaries in a flower contain?
A)
eggs
B)
sperm
C)
pollen
D)
stamens
A
49. What form of reproduction is best in a changing environment?
A)
sexual reproduction
B)
asexual reproduction
C)
fission
D)
all of the above
A
50. Where are the pollen grains during pollination?
A)
stigma
B)
sepals
C)
pistil
D)
ovary
A
51. Where are the seeds formed?
A)
stigma
B)
pollen tube
C)
pistil
D)
ovary
D
52. How do mosses reproduce?
A)
budding
B)
fragmentation
C)
spores
D)
seeds
C
53. What part of the moss produces spores?
A)
sporophyte
B)
gametophyte
C)
seedophyte
D)
mossophyte
A
54. Identify the spores that are produced by meiosis.
A)
diploid
B)
haploid
C)
triploid
D)
polyploid
B
55. Spores ...
A)
B)
C)
D)
are very light and can be carried great distances.
can survive unfavourable conditions.
can stay dormant if necessary.
are all of the above.
D
56. Which of the following have been produced using biotechnology?
A)
cheese
B)
yogurt
C)
dogs
D)
all of the above
D
57. What is DNA composed of?
A)
phosphates
B)
nitrogenous bases
C)
sugars
D)
all of the above
D
58. What is the term for cross-pollinating two different but closely related plant species?
A)
inbreeding
B)
monoculture
C)
hybridization
D)
none of the above
C
59. Which of the following statements is true about the practice of monoculture?
A)
Monoculture increases the resistance of a crop to widespread disaster.
B)
Monoculture involves the production of large quantities of a single variety of a plant
crop.
C)
There is a rich diversity of crops in monoculture.
D)
Crops cannot be destroyed by a single pest or disease.
B
60. An advantage of genetic engineering over selective breeding is that ...
A)
genetic engineering is a much longer process.
B)
a gene that is absent in a person may be supplied through genetic engineering.
C)
organisms can obtain genes from other species.
D)
both (B) and (C)
D
WRITTEN PART
PART 4 – FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Unlike animal cells, plants cells have a rigid cell wall, that lies outside the cell membrane.
2. Golgi bodies package useful materials and secrete them outside of the cell.
3. The four phases of mitosis in plant and animal cells are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
4. During interphase, a cell will grow, replicate its DNA, and prepare for the first phase of mitosis.
5. Binary Fission is a form of asexual reproduction in bacteria.
6. Spores can develop into a new plant without being fertilized.
7. Differences in characteristics among individuals are called variations.
8. Meiosis produces gametes, each of which contains half the required number of chromosomes.
9. During meiosis, a cell will divide two times before the gametes are formed.
10. Complete metamorphosis is a process house flies and butterflies go through before reaching the adult
form.
11. The seeds of angiosperms form inside flowers.
12. In some angiosperms, the ovary becomes the fruit around the seed.
13. Selective breeding involves breeding individuals with particular desired traits.
14. Yogurt and cheese are products of biotechnology.
15. The shapes of cytosine and guanine fit together.
16. A gene is a segment of DNA that is coded to produce a protein.
17. Each protein is made up of smaller units called amino acids.
18. Inbreeding involves mating two closely related individuals.
19. DNA fingerprinting can be used to identify relationships between individuals.
20. A mistake that happens during DNA replication or meiosis is called a mutation.
PART 5 – SHORT ANSWER
List, describe, and draw the stages of mitosis.
1.
2.
3.
4.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase