Download CELL TRANSPORT NOTES

CELL TRANSPORT NOTES ANSWERS
First of all, here are some keywords you need to understand for this topic.
Cell Membrane/Wall
Permeable & Selectively Permeable
Export & Import
Molecules
Metabolism
Concentration Gradient
Raw Materials
Wastes
Ingestion & Digestion
Respiration & Excretion
Active & Passive Transport
Diffusion
Osmosis
Solute/Solvent
Hypertonic, Hypotonic, & Isotonic
Plasmolysis & Cytolysis
Cell Membrane Pumps
Antiport, Uniport, & Symport
Potential/Kinetic Energy
Endocytosis &Exocytosis
PLEASE NOTE: Cell transport is NOT the moving of cells from place to place, but HOW “stuff” gets in and
out of cells.
WHERE do materials get into/out of cells? What part of the cell is “in charge” of cell transport?
 Materials get in/out of the cell at the cell __MEMBRANE__________ (and _WALL____ in plants!).
 The CELL MEMBRANE consists of __LIPIDS____ and ____PROTEINS___. It is a __BI-LAYER_
(think two pieces of bread with your favorite filling in between). It is important to know that the
__PROTEINS_______ sometimes help to transport materials.
 The CELL MEMBRANE is ____SELECTIVELY___ ____PERMEABLE____ (it is only able to let
CERTAIN materials pass through).
 Materials that come in are ____IMPORTED_________.
 Materials that are sent out are ____EXPORTED______.
WHAT materials need to get into/out of cells? WHY do materials need to get into/out of cells?
IN GENERAL…
 ____MOLECULES____________ (bonded atoms), atoms, and ___IONS______ (charged atoms) are
transported into/out of the cell.
 Cell transport needs to happen because cells need to __IMPORT___ certain materials to perform the life
processes within its cytoplasm and need to __EXPORT____ materials created by the life process
into the extra-cellular space.
 The life process that most depends upon cell transport is ____METABOLISM_____…cells need to get
rid of ___WASTES___, export important __MOLECULES____, and import _RAW__MATERIALS_
when they (or the organism that they are a part of) ingest, digest, respire, and excrete.
 ____CONCENTRATION_________ is the amount of substance in a given area.
 __CONCENTRATION_ _GRADIENT__ – the difference in the concentration or amount of molecules
on either side of the cell membrane.
 Molecules are transported with AND without the aid of ___ENERGY_____.
 Energy __IS__ needed when the molecules move from the side of the membrane where there is
an area of _LOW____ concentration to the side where there is a __HIGH____ concentration of that
molecule (i.e. _UP/AGAINST____the gradient…think about riding your bike UP a hill).
 Energy _IS__ _NOT__ needed when the molecules move from the side of the membrane where there is
an area of _HIGH____ concentration to the side where there is a __LOW____ concentration of that
molecule (i.e. ___DOWN/WITH_________the gradient…think about riding your bike DOWN a hill).
 Potential energy is the amount of __STORED____ energy in an object.
 Molecules that are in moving from a region of high to low concentration are said to be moving from a
region of ___HIGH______ potential energy to a region of __LOW____ potential energy.
FOR OUTGOING MOLECULES…
 This is called ___EXPORT_________.
 ___WASTES______ (the by-products of cell metabolism) and molecules created by other cellular
activities are transported out of the cell.
 In metabolism, the steps of __RESPIRE____ and ____EXCRETE____ result in export of molecules.
FOR INCOMING MOLECULES…
 This is called ___IMPORT________________.
 _RAW__ __MATERIALS____ (the needs or reactants of cell metabolism) and molecules needed by
other cellular activities are transported into the cell.
 In metabolism, the steps of ___INGEST______ and ___DIGEST_____ result in import of molecules.