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Transcript
2.3 Carbon Compounds Guided Notes Symbol Atomic number Number of valence electrons ***Living organisms are made up of molecules that consist of CHONPS The smaller units, or _______________________ , join together to form_______________________. The monomers in a polymer may be identical or different. Four major groups of macromolecules found in living things: 1. _______________________________ 2. _______________________________ 3. _______________________________ 4. _______________________________ Carbohydrates • made up of CHO usually in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1. Functions – _____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Examples: glucose (monosaccharide/monomer) starch (polysaccharide/polymer) Lipids Made mostly of C & H’s and are generally not soluble in water Examples are fats, oils, waxes, and steroids Functions: 1.) _____________________________________________________ 2.) _____________________________________________________ 3.) _____________________________________________________ 4.) _____________________________________________________ Nucleic Acid • made up of CHONP • Nucleotides consist of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group (–PO4), and a nitrogenous base. Functions: to store and transmit genetic information ***Two kinds – ________________________ and _____________________________ Protein • • made up of CHON monomer is an amino acid (a.a. come together to make proteins) Functions: Varied functions ______________________ the rate of reactions ______________________ cell processes ______________________ cellular structures ______________________ substances into or out of cells helping to fight disease Levels of Organization Proteins have four levels of structure. 1. ____________________________is the sequence of its amino acids 2. __________________________________is the folding or coiling of the polypeptide chain. (alpha/beta) 3. _________________________________ is the 3-D structure 4._________________________________– subunits come together