Download 2.3 Guided Notes

2.3 Carbon Compounds Guided Notes
Symbol
Atomic number
Number of valence electrons
***Living organisms are made up of molecules that consist of CHONPS
The smaller units, or _______________________ , join together to
form_______________________.
The monomers in a polymer may be identical or different.
Four major groups of macromolecules found in living things:
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
4. _______________________________
Carbohydrates
•
made up of CHO
usually in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1.
Functions – _____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Examples:
glucose (monosaccharide/monomer)
starch (polysaccharide/polymer)
Lipids
Made mostly of C & H’s and are generally not
soluble in water
Examples are fats, oils, waxes, and steroids
Functions:
1.) _____________________________________________________
2.) _____________________________________________________
3.) _____________________________________________________
4.) _____________________________________________________
Nucleic Acid
• made up of CHONP
•
Nucleotides consist of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group
(–PO4), and a nitrogenous base.
Functions:
to store and transmit genetic information
***Two kinds – ________________________ and _____________________________
Protein
•
•
made up of CHON
monomer is an amino acid (a.a. come together to make proteins)
Functions:
Varied functions
______________________ the rate of reactions
______________________ cell processes
______________________ cellular structures
______________________ substances into or out of cells
helping to fight disease
Levels of Organization
Proteins have four levels of structure.
1. ____________________________is the sequence of its amino acids
2. __________________________________is the folding or coiling of the
polypeptide chain. (alpha/beta)
3. _________________________________ is the 3-D structure
4._________________________________– subunits come together