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Leader: Course: title Supplemental Instruction Iowa State University Instructor: Date: 1. What makes the mitotic spindles? a. G0 a. Centrosomes b. G1 b. Centromere c. S c. Centrioles d. G2 d. Microtubules 2. Microtubules make up _____________. 6. What is the longest stage of Mitosis? a. Annaphase a. Mitotic Spindles b. Metaphase b. Chromosomes c. Interphase c. The strings of the ‘beads on a string’ example d. Telophase d. The pearls of the ‘pearl necklace’ example 7. What is the longest stage of the Cell Cycle? 3. Histomes help ____________________ during the cell lifecycle. a. Annaphase a. Copy DNA c. Interphase b. Condense DNA d. Telophase b. Metaphase c. Build DNA d. Split DNA into daughter cells 8. How many daughter cells are the product of Mitosis? 4. Daughter cells formed through Mitosis are genetically varied from their ‘parent’ cells. a. True b. False a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 9. Cancer cells lack what? 5. DNA is copied, or synthesized, in the _____________ stage. a. Checkpoints that prevent growth Supplemental Instruction 1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center 294-6624 www.si.iastate.edu b. Organelles b. Cytokinesis, Telophase c. DNA c. Cleavage, Anaphase d. Chromosomes d. Cleavage, Telophase 10. A chromatin is what? 15. Sister chromosome connect at the _____________. a. A supercoiled structure of DNA a.. Centromere b. DNA with associated protiens c. ½ of a Chromosome pair b. Centrosome c. Centriole d. Raw DNA d. Kinetochore 11. Humans have _______ pairs of chromosomes a. 23 16. ________ tumors grow quickly and can break off and spread throughout the body. b. 24 a. Benign - c. 46 b. Expansion d. 48 c. Malignant d. Metastasis 12. Immortal Cells refer to a. Cancer cells b. Liver cells c. Stem cells d. Brain cells 13. In what stage can you first see the chromosome pairs? 17. Cloning is an example of _______ reproduction. a. Sexual b. Genetic Variation c. Mutation d. Asexual a. Annaphase b. Metaphase c. Prophase 18. Bi parental inheritance is when: d. Telophase a. you inherit two genes from one parent 14. The division of the cytoplasm is called _________ and happens in ____________. b. you inherit half of each parents genes a. Cytokinesis, Anaphase c. you inherit double the amount of genes from your parents d. you inherit two chromosomes from your parents a. are formed after the synthesis stage 19. Mitotic spindles branching from the _______ of the centrosomes attach to the ___________ on a chromosome. c. come from the egg b. have genes for the same characteristics d. come from the sperm a. centrioles, kinetochore b. microtubule, centromere 26. Homologous chromosomes are: c. centrioles, centromere a. a pair of chromosomes with the same genes d. microtubule, kinetochore 20. In ___________, ____________ pull the chromatids to opposite poles of the cell a. Anaphase, centrosomes b. a pair of duplicated chromosomes with the same genes c. a pair of chromosomes that code for characteristics of the same gene d. a pair of duplicated chromosomes that code for a characteristic of the same gene b. Telophase, kinetochores c. Anaphase, kinetochores d. Telophase, centrosomes 27. What happens in Meiosis II? a. Sister chromosomes split b. Homologous chromosomes are split 22. Meiosis leads to genetically identical daughter cells a. True c. The DNA is duplicated again so the cell can split a second time d. The cell becomes diploid. b. False 23. ________ generates gametic sex cells while ___________ generates somatic cells in the body. 28. After Meiosis I the cells are considered haploid. a. Mitosis, Meiosis a. True b. Meiosis, Mitosis b. False 29. In metaphase I _______________ line up on cell’s ____________. 24. Homologous chromosomes are found in __________ organisms. a. Sister chromatids, equator a. Diploid b. Tetrads, equator b. Haploid c. Sister chromatids, opposite poles d. Tetrads, opposite poles 25. Homologous chromosomes: 30. The description of DNA as “beads on a string” refers to DNA that is: a. tightly condensed and looped b. in its raw from 34. DNA is condensed : a. because it balls so hard c. wrapped around histones b. to protect itself during new cell formation d. being transferred in anaphase c. to make it easier for enzymes to copy it 31. Which of the following is does not result in genetic variation? a. Crossing Over - synapsis, tetrad, chaisma b. Chromosomes Splits c. Independent Assortment d. Random Fertilization 32. Locus or loci are: a. where crossing over occurs b. refers to the number of times crossing over occurs c. refers to the number of possible independent assortment out comes d. locations of a specific trait on a chromatid d. to prevent enzymes from making copies of it during new cell formation 35. Someone with 3 copies of chromosome 21 would probably have: a. Turnner Syndrome b. Klinefelter Syndrome c. TriX Syndrome d. Down Syndrome 36. Independent assortment refers to the: a. chromosomes independence to recombine with neighboring pairs b. the independent way chromatids organize themselves in Metaphase II c. the independent way tetrads organize themselves in Metaphase I d. the independent way tetrads organize themselves in Metaphase II 33. Chromatin and chromatids are different how? 37. Where does crossing over occur? a. from different parents a. Loci b. one is the copy of the other b. Centromere c. one is the genetically modified version of the other c. Chaisma d. one is the condensed form of the other d. Histone 38. There are _______ _______ cells at the end of Mitosis. (Assume parent cell was diploid) 43. What is Dr. Roe’s dogs name? a. 4, diploid a. Matilda b. 2, diploid b. Madeline c. 4, haploid, c. Melissa d. 2, haploid d. Michelle 39. There are _______ _______ cells at the end of Meiso. (Assume parent cell was diploid) 44. The theory that genetic material from parents mix together in the offspring is called? a. Blender Effect a. 4, diploid b. Blending Hypothesis b. 2, diploid c. Particulate Hypothesis c. 4, haploid, d. Mixing Hypothesis d. 2, haploid 40. In anaphase II __________ are pulled to opposite poles. a. Pairs of Homologous Chromosomes b. Tetrads c. Pairs of Sister Chromosomes d. Chromatids 41. 4 ________ make up a tetrad a. Chiasma b. Synapisi 45. A _______ is a heritable feature and _______ is a specific variant of that feature. a. Allele, Chromosome b. Character, Chromosome c. Allele, Trait d. Character, Trait 46. True breeding is a. when plants breed naturally b. when plants are truly in love c. Chromatids c. when plants, when self fertilized, only produce the same traits d.Chromatins d. when plants are self fertilized 42. How is genetic diversity not created in sexual reproduction? 47. F2 is a.Mutation a. First generation offspring with two tracked characters b.Bi - Parental Inheritance b. Second generation offspring c.Mitosis c. Second generation offspring of true breeding d.Meiosis d. a typo made in an angry text 48. Mendel’s expirements backed all of the following except: a. Heritable factors behave as particles b. Particulate Hypothesis c. Law of segregation d. Law of Variation 52. You breed two true breeding plant, one with character type A and the other with character type B. Then you self fertilize the F1 generation. Assuming this test is within the constraints of Mendel’s experiments, what would the F2 ratio be a. 1:1 b. 2:1 c. 3:1 49. You breed a Purple flowered plant with a White flowered plant and all the offspring plants have white flowers. What can you conclude? d. 2:2 b. Purple is a dominate gene 53. The expressed characteristics that can be seen through observation and breeding is: c. White is a dominate allele a. Phenotype d. Purple is a dominate allele b. Genotype a. White is a dominate gene 50. For the plan above, if Purple flowers were denoted with a c and White flowers were denoted with a C, what would the genotype be? 54. A ________ character has different genotypes for the same phenotype, while a _________ character has only one phenotype for each genotype. a. Homozygous, Heterozygous a. CC, homozygous b. Dominate, Heterozygous b. Cc, homozygous c. Recessive, Heterozygous c. Cc, heterozygous d. Heterozygous, Homozygous d. cc, heterozygous 55. Genotype always equals phenotype a. True b. False 51. When trying to determine the genotype of an unknown organism you should use a ______ _______. 56. Alleles on ______________ account for genetic differences in heredity. a. Self Cross a. Sister Chromosome Pairs b. Dominate Cross b. Recombinant DNA c. Genotype Test c. Homologous Chromosomes Pairs d. Test Cross d. Tetrad’s Synapsis 57. Law of Segregation explains everything except: a. Alleles segregate during gamete formation b. Alleles segregate independently of alleles on the same chromosome c. Alleles segregate independently of alleles on different chromosome d. Gametes only have one of each allele 58. Law of Independent Assortment has to do with organization of __________ in ______________. a. sister chromosomes, metaphaseI b. homologous chromosomes, metaphase II c. sister chromosomes, metaphase II d. homologous chromosomes, metaphase I 61. _______ tumors are fast growing, cancerous cells that can eventually go through _________. a. Benign, Metstasis b. Benign, Meiosis c. Malignat, Meiosis d. Malignant, Metastasis 62. Blood type is example of what kind of allele expression? a. Complete Dominance b. Incomplete Dominance c. Co-Dominance d. Single Character Dominance 63. __________ is when multiple genes control a character. a. Polygentic b. Pleiotropy 59. Law of Segregation has to do with the segregation of _______ on _________ chromosomes in __________. c. Co-Dominace d. Multiple Character Dominance a. alleles, like, anaphase II 64. ___________ is when one gene influences mutliple phenotypic traits. b. alleles, like, anaphase I a. Polygentic c. alleles, different, anaphase II e. Pleiotropy d. alleles, different, anaphase I f. Co-Dominace g. Multiple Character Dominance 60. Which is not a type of Allele dominance: a. Co-Dominance b. Complete Dominance c. Compatible Dominance d. Incomplete Dominance 65. Who was the first scientist to support Mendel’s laws of segregation and independent assortment ? a. Oskar Hertwig b. August Weismann c. Walter S. Sutton d. Thomas H Morgan 70. Sex linked genes support: 66. What states that alleles are segregated during gamete production? a. Law of Independent Assortment b. Sutton Theory c. Law of Segregation d. Law of Gamete Assortment 67. The Chromosome Theory of Heredity stated all except: a. Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance b. Blending Hypothesis c. Law of Independent Assortment d. Law of Segregation 71. When genes are linked they are on the __________ chromosome and have _____________ assortment. a. Same, independent a. Genes are arranged in a linear fashion b. Different, independent b. “Particles” are present at specific loci on chromosomes c. Same, dependent c. Chromosomes line up on the equator in metaphase randomly d. Genes have specific positions on chromosomes 68. A _______ phenotype is one not often found in nature and often denoted by a (____) a. wildtype, +,+ b. mutant, +,+ c. wildtype, -,d. mutant, -,- d. Different, dependent 72. What are genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together? a. Recombinant Genes b. Cloned Genes c. Linked Genes d. None of the above 73. When genes are _________ the genes are different on chromosomes in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. a. linked b. unlinked 69. Sex link genes were discovered by who ? a. Oskar Hertwig b. August Weismann c. Walter S. Sutton d. Thomas H Morgan 74. Genes that are only partially linked will display phenotypes not int eh parental cross through genetic recombination a. True b. False 75. Crossing over happens in which phase? a. Metaphase I b. Metaphase II c. Prophase I d. Prophase II 76. Genes that are ________ are more likely to be linked while genes that are ___________ are more likely to be recombine. a. closer, farther b. farther, closer 77. Sex chromosomes, in people, are in the ________. a. egg b. sperm c. ploidy 78. Females will only express a phenotype when they are ________ for that allele, while males will express a phenotype if they are ___________. a. homozygous, heterozygous b. heterozygous, homozygous c. homozygous, hemizygous 79. Complete a punnett square for a white eyed female XwXw and a red eyed male Xw+Y. 80. You have a plant with purple flowers but do not know its genotype. Assume purple is the dominate trait, what test would you use to figure out its genotype? Show the two possible results