Download Chapter 11: Heat 1. The energy that flows from a high temperature

Chapter 11: Heat
1. The energy that flows from a high temperature object to a low temperature object is called __________.(Heat, Sound
Electricity, Solar Energy)
2. Hotness or coldness of an object is expressed in terms of a quantity called __________.(Heat, Temperature, Kelvin, None of
these)
4. The energy expended when a force of one Newton moves an object one meter in the direction in which the force is applied is
called __________. (Calorie, Joule, kWh, Electron Volt)
5. 1J=__________. (1Nm, 1kgms2, 1kgm-2,1kgm2s-1)
6. 1J = __________. (kg, 1 kgms2, 1kgm2s-2, 1kgm2s-1)
8. __________ is a device used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of the object.(Thermometer, Barometer,
Hypsometer, None of these)
9. Generally thermometers make use of the fact that most of the liquids __________ on heating.
(Compress, Expand, Evaporate, Sublimes)
16. __________ proposed that matter and energy are equivalent. (Newton, Einstein, Maxwell, All)
17. The equation representing the interconversion of matter and energy is written as __________.
(E = mc, E = mc2, E = mc3, All of these)
18. Conversion of one gram of matter to energy yields __________ joules of energy.
(9 x 1013J, 9 x 1012J, 9 x 1011J, 9 x 1010J)
19. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 2.0 x 108kg of water from 0°C to 100°C is equal to __________. (9
x 1013J, 9 x 1012J, 9 x 1011J, 9 x 1010J)
20. During the combustion of 3 x 106 kg of coal __________ of matter is converted into energy. (1g, 1kg, 1mg, None)
21. The temperature at which the gases if they remain in gaseous state exert zero pressure and have zero volume is called
__________. (1°C, 1°F, 1K, Absolute Zero)
22. The sum total of all the energy of all the molecules of atoms in an object is known as __________.
(Temperature, Entropy, Internal Energy, None of these)
23. Once the heat is transferred to an object, it is converted into the __________.
(Entropy of the object, Internal energy of the object, Temperature of the object, None of these)
24. “Temperature remaining constant the volume of given mass of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure applied on it.”
It is called __________. (General Gas Law, Boyle’s Law, Charle’s Law, None of these)
25. “At constant pressure the volume of a gas is proportional to the absolute temperature.” It is called __________.
((General Gas Law, Boyle’s Law, Charle’s Law, None of these)
Chapter 12: Electrostatics
1. Matter is composed of three fundamental particles. They are __________.
(a. Electrons, Protons, Neutrons b. Electrons, Cathode rays, masons c. Electrons, neutrons, masons)
2. __________ is a negatively charged particle and is found around the nucleus of an atom. (Electron, Proton, Neutron, None
of these)
3. __________ is a positively charged particle and is found in the nucleus of an atom. (Electron, Proton, Neutron, None of
these)
4. __________ is a neutral particle and is found in the nucleus of an atom. (Electron, Proton, Neutron, None of these)
5. When one or more than one electrons are removed from an atom it becomes __________ (Neutral particle, Negatively
charged particle, positively charged particle, none of these)
6. All material objects are composed of __________. (Electron, Proton, Neutron, atoms)
7. Atom is a __________. (Charged particle, Negatively charged particle, Positively charged particle, None)
8. If electrons are added in an atom it becomes __________.(Neutral particle, Negatively charged particle, positively charged
particle, none)
9. Those material objects which do not allow the charge or electric current to pass through them are called __________.
(Insulators, Conductors, Semi-conductors, none of these)
10. Those material objects which allow charge or electric current to pass through them are called __________.
(Insulators, Conductors, Semi-conductors, none of these)
11. Like charges __________. (Attract each other, Repel Each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None)
12. Unlike charges __________. (Attract each other, Repel Each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None)
13. If the physical size of a charge particle is very small, compared to the separation distance between them, it is called
__________. (Zero charge, Point charge, Positive charge, Negative charge)
14. “The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitude
of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.” It is called __________. (Faraday’s law,
Coulomb’s Law, Newton’s Law, Guass’s law)
15. Îo is called __________. (Acceleration due to gravity, Gravitational constant, Spring constant, Permitivity of free space)
16. If the quantity of charge on each of the two bodies is doubled, the force between them becomes __________.
(Twice, Four times, Nine times, Sixteen times)
17. __________ is a vector quantity. (Electric field, Electric Field Intensity, Electric charge, Electric current)
18. In SI units electric field intensity is measured in __________. (Ns, N/C, N/J, N/m)
19. The concepts of electric field lines was introduced by a famous scientist __________ (Newton, Faraday, Einstein, Coulomb)
20. The electric field lines, always start from a __________. (Positive charge, Negative charge, Point charge, None of these)
21. The electric field lines, always end at a __________. (Positive charge, Negative charge, Point charge, None of these)
22. The tangent to the field line at any point gives the direction of the __________. (electric field intensity at that point, electric
field at that point, Electrostatic force at that point, Electrostatic force at that point, None of these)
23. The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to certain point, keeping the unit charge is equilibrium is called
__________. (Potential energy, Potential gradient, Electric potential, Electric field intensity)
24. In SI units electric potential is measured in __________. (Coulombs, Amperes, Volts, N/C2)
Chapter 13: Current Electricity
1. The net charge flowing across the sectional area per unit time is known as __________. (Electric Current, Ampere, Electric
flow, none of these)
2. The direction of electric current is that in which __________. (Negative charge will drift, Positive charge will drift, Both
positive and negative charge will drift, None of these)
3. Mathematically Electric current I in a conductor is defined by the relation __________. (I = Qt, Q = I/t, I = Q/t, None of these)
4. The SI unit of current is __________. (Ampere, Coulomb, volt, None of these)
5. 1A = __________. (1C/s, 1C/s2, 1J/s, 1N/s)
6. “In a electrical circuit, the potential difference across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it,
provided the temperature of the conductor remains the same.” This is called __________. (Ohm’s Law, Coulomb’s Law,
Guass’s Law, None of these)
7. Mathematically Ohm’s Law is written as __________. (V = IR V = I/R, V = Qt, None of the above)
8. Measure of the opposition to the flow the free electron is known as __________. (Current, Resistance, Conductance,
Capacitance)
9. The SI unit of electrical resistance is __________. (Ampere, Volt, Farad, Ohm)
10. If the p.d.of 1 volt is applied across the end of a conductor and the resulting current flowing through the conductor is one
ampere then the resistance of the conductor is said to be __________. (1ohm, 1ampere, 1farad, 1volt)
11. 1W (ohm) = __________. (1VA, 1V/A, 1C/A, 1J/A2)
12. It is experimentally observed that in general the resistance R of a given wire increases with increase in __________.
(Temperature, Cross-section area of a wire, Length of a wire, none of these)
13. It is experimentally observed that in general the resistance R of a given wire decreases with increase in __________.
(Temperature, Cross-section Area, Length of a wire, None of the above)
14. The change in resistivity per unit original resistivity (or resistance) per degree change in temperature is called __________.
(Resistance, Conductance, Temperature coefficient of resistivity, All of these)
15. The resistivity of a class of elements of some critical temperature T, falls to zero. The materials showing such property are
called __________. (Semi-conductors, Super-conductors, Insulators, Conductors)
16. The device which can maintain a potential difference between two points to which they are attached are known as
__________. (Dry cell, sources of power, sources of electromotive force, sources of heat dissipated)
17. The unit of electromotive force is __________. (Volt, Ampere, watt, Joule)
18. Batteries or cells convert __________. (Heat energy into electrical energy, nuclear energy into electrical energy, kinetic
energy into electrical energy, chemical energy into electrical energy)
19. Electrical generators convert __________.
(chemical energy into electrical energy, kinetic energy into electrical energy, mechanical energy into electrical energy, light
energy into electrical energy)
20. Thermocouples convert __________. (chemical energy into electrical energy, heat energy into electrical energy,
mechanical energy into electrical energy, light energy into electrical energy)
21. Photo voltaic cell converts __________. (chemical energy into electrical energy, heat energy into electrical energy,
mechanical energy into electrical energy, light energy into electrical energy)
22. In practice, the sources of emf always have __________. (Zero resistance, unit resistance, some resistance, infinite
resistance)
23. The emf of a source is equal to the potential difference across the terminals of the source when either its internal resistance
is __________. (Zero, Infinite, Zero or infinite, None of these)
24. The electromotive force is written as __________. (E = W/q, E = Wq, E = Q/I, None of these)
Chapter 14: Magnetism and Electromagnetism
1. Magnetism derives its name from __________, a region in Asia Minor (Modern Turkey) where it was found in for form of
certain iron core. (Magnesia, Magnesium, Electromagnetism, None of these)
2. __________ is not a magnetic material. (Iron, Nicker, Cobalt, silver)
3. A body that attracts small pieces of iron and points towards north-south direction when suspended freely, is called a
__________. (Magnet, Conductor, Magnetism, None of these)
4. Like poles of two magnets __________. (Attract, Repel, Neither attract nor repel, None of these)
5. Unlike poles of two magnets __________. Attract, Repel, Neither attract nor repel, None of these)
6. The magnetism of the magnet is concentrated in the __________. (North pole, South pole, North and South pole, At the
middle)
7. If a magnet is broken into two pieces, then __________. (Two magnets are obtained, Noth pole is obtained, South pole is
obtained, One north pole and one south pole is obtained)
8. The space surrounding a magnet in which its magnetic effect is felt is called __________. (North pole, south pole, Middle
Point, Magnetic Field)
9. The intensity of the magnetic field near its poles is __________. (Zero, Maximum, Minimum, None of these)
10. If the magnetic field is uniform, then the magnetic lines of forces are __________. (Curved, Parallel, Perpendicular, None of
these)
11. The magnetic field is represented with __________. (Magnetic lines of forces, Magnetic induction, North pole, South pole)
12. The path along which an isolated north pole of a magnet moves in the magnetic field is called __________.
(Magnetic field, Magnetic field lines, North Pole, South pole)
13. Two magnetic lines of force can __________. (intersect each other, not intersect each other, repel each other, attract each
other)
14. __________ behaves like a stretched rubber string which tends to contract longitudinally and expand laterally.
(Magnets, Magnetic Force, Electric Lines of force, Magnetic lines of force)
15. The magnetic lines of force pass through __________, as compared to air. (Water, Iron, Rubber, None of the above)
16. A substance which behaves like a magnet in the presence of a strong field is called __________.
(Magnets, Ferromagnets, Electromagnets, None of these)
17. A magnet can be demagnetized by __________. (Heating, By dropping it several time, breaking into two pieces, both
heating and by dropping it several time)
18. The field magnet around a moving charge is called __________. (Electric Field, Magnetic Field, Gravitational Field, None of
the above)
19. The direction of magnetic lines of force is given by the _________. (head to tail rule, right hand rule, left hand rule, none of
these)
20. __________ was the first to note the presence of magnetic force in a wire in which currents are flowing.
(Newton, Ampere, Oersted, None of these)
21. If two wires in which currents are flowing in the same direction are placed parallel and close to each other then they will
________. (Repel each other, Attract each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None of the above)
22. If two wires in which currents are flowing in the opposite direction are placed parallel and close to each other then they will
__________. (Repel each other, Attract each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None of the above)
23. The charge moving parallel to the magnetic field ‘B’ with a certain velocity ‘v’ experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum Force, None of these)
24. The charge moving perpendicular to the magnetic field ‘B’ with a certain velocity ‘v’ experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum Force, None of these)
25. The magnetic force Fm acting on charge ‘q’ when it moves with a velocity ‘v’ through a magnetic field ‘B’ is given by
__________. (Fm = qv x B, Fm = qv2 x B, Fm = qE, None of these)
26. The magnitude of a magnetic force ‘F’ acting on charge ‘q’ when it moves with a velocity ‘v’ through a magnetic field ‘B’ is
given by __________. (F = qvBsinq, F = qv2Bsinq, vBsinq, None of these)
27. In a magnetic field the charge at rest experiences __________. (No force, Maximum force, Minimum force, None of these)
28. The charge, which moves along a line parallel to the direction of magnetic lines of force, experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum force, None of these)
29. Maximum force is experienced by a charged particle when it moves __________. (Parallel to magnetic field, with zero
velocity, none of these)
30. The SI unit of magnetic induction B is __________. (Volt, watt, farad, tesla)
31. When an alternating accelerating field is applied to a charge it produces __________. (Sound waves, Electromagnetic
waves, X-rays, Gamma rays)
32. The wave which require no medium for the propagation are known as __________. (Sound waves, Mechanical waves,
Electromagnetic waves, None of these)
33. An electromagnetic wave electric and magnetic fields are __________. (Parallel to each other, Perpendicular to each
other,Opposite to each other, None of these)
34. The velocity of electromagnetic waves depend upon __________. (Magnetic permeability, Electricpermitivity, Both
magnetic permeability and electric permitivity, None of these)
35. Substances having electrical resistivity intermediate between conductors and insulators are called __________.
(Superconductors, Semiconductors, n-type conductors, p-type conductors)
36. In Semiconductors __________ are responsible for electrical conduction. (Protons, Electrons, Holes, Electrons, holes)
37. When a pentavalent material like As, is added to tetravelent material i.e. Ge we get a __________.
(n-type material, p-type material, Semiconductors, None of these)
38. In n-type materials __________. (Holes are majority carriers, Electrons are majority carriers, Electrons are minority carriers,
None of these)
39. When a trivalent material like Indium or Galium is added to Ge, we get a __________. (n-type material, p-type material,
semiconductor, None of these)
40. In p-type materials __________. (Holes are majority carriers, Electrons are majority carriers, Electrons are minority carriers,
None of these)
41. Velocity of light is __________. (3 x 108 m/s, 3 x 106 m/s, 3 x 10 cm/s, None of these)
42. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the I.C circuit of aerial of a transmitting station are of __________.
(Zero amplitude, Unit amplitude, Constant amplitude, Variable amplitude)
43. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the I.C circuit of aerial of a transmitting station have frequency of the range
__________. (108Hz, 108Hz, 108Hz, 108Hz)
44. A crystal diode is used for rectification of __________. (AC current, DC current, Electromagnetic waves, None of the above)
45. A geometric shape of a solid obtained by regular, repetitive, three-dimensional arrangements of its molecules, atoms or ions
is called a __________. (Crystal, Lattice, Crystal plane, None of these)
46. Two substances having the same crystal structure are called __________. (Isomorphous Substance, Allotropic substances,
True substances, Polymorphous substances)
47. The substance, which exists in two or more crystal forms under different condiion is called __________.
(Isomorphous Substance, Allotropic substances, True substances, Polymorphous substances)
48. A regular, repetitive, three-dimensional pattern of points, which represent the position of molecules, atoms or ions in the
crystal, is called __________. (Unit cell, Space lattice, crystal, true substance)
49. The smallest portion of a crystal lattice that if repeated in three-dimensions will generate the entire lattice is called
__________. (Unit cell, Lattice plane, crystal, none of these)
50. When a crystal is subjected to stress, it tends to break or fracture along definite direction which is characteristic of a sample.
This is called __________. (Cleavage, Allotropy, Anisotropy, Homeogeneity)
51. The property due to which the size or shape of a lattice is not important is called __________. (Cleavage, Anisotropy,
Homogeneity, None of these)
52. In a crystal the density of atoms or molecules does not vary from direction to direction. This is known as __________.
(Cleavage, Anisotropy, Homogeneity, None of these)
53. If one atom or molecule lies out each of the eight corners of a cube, it is called __________.
(simple cube, face centred cube, body centred cube, none of these)
54. __________ is a cubic pattern having one extra atom or molecule at the centre of each of the six faces of the cube.
(simple cube, face centred cube, body centred cube, none of these)
55. __________ is a pattern which has got one more atom at the centre of a simple cube. (simple cube, face centred cube,
body centred cube, none of these)
56. The electrons, which can wander in the solid, are known as __________.
(Valence electron, free electron, loosely bound
electrons, none of these)
57. __________ of the following theories could not explain completely the behavior of conductors, insulators, and
semiconductors. (energy band theory, free electron theory, valence electron theory, none of these)
58. The electrons in a solid crystal are supposed to have different energy levels which can be found by the solution of
__________. (Maxwell’s equation, Schrodinger’s wave equation, Gas equation, none of these)
59. The solution of Schrodinger’s wave equation shows that the electrons can exist in some ranges of energy called
__________. (Permissible energy levels, energy bands, conduction band, forbidden energy levels)
60. The permissible energy levels taken in gourps are called __________. (Permissible energy leves, energy bands,
conduction bands, forbidden energy levels)
61. The materials in which valence band and conduction band overlaps are called __________.
(Insulators, Conductors, Semiconductors, Superconductors)
62. The material in which the highest occupied energy level is completely filled is called __________.
(Insulator, conductor, semiconductor, superconductor)
63. The material in which the gap between the filled energy band and next higher permitted energy band is small, is called
__________. (Insulator, Conductor, semiconductor, superconductor)
64. The substances with resistivity of order of 10-4 ohm-meter are called __________. (Insulators, semiconductors, conductors,
good conductors)
65. The substances with resistivity of the order of 10-8 ohm-meter are called _________. (Insulators, semiconductors,
conductors, good conductors)
66. At temperature near absolute zero, a pure semiconductor behaves like _________. (an insulator, a conductor, a
superconductor, none of these)
67. A junction between p-type material and n-type material is called as _________. (diode, rectifier, transistor, amplifier)
68. The semi-conductor diode has the property of __________. (one way conduction, two way conduction, zero conduction,
none of these)
69. A diode can be used as __________. (oscillator, rectifier, transistor, amplifier)
70. If p-type material of the pn-junction is connected with positive terminal of the battery and n-type material with negative
terminal of the battery, it is said to be __________. (forward biased, reversed biased, zero biased, none of these)
71. If p-type material of the pn-junction is connected with negative terminal of the battery and n-type material with positive
terminal of the battery, it is said to be __________. (forward biased, reversed biased, zero biased, none of these)
72. A device, which converts an alternating current to a direct current, is called __________. (Oscillator, rectifier, amplifier, ptype material)
73. A thin layer of one type of semiconductor material sandwiched between two relatively thick pieces of other type is termed as
__________. (Diode, rectifier, transistor, oscillator)
74. A transistor consists of __________. (one pn-junction, two pn-junctions, three pn-junctions, None of these)
75. For normal transistor operation, E-B junction is always __________. (reversed biased, forward biased, zero biased, All of
these)
76. A transistor can be used as __________. (diode, rectifier, amplifier, all of these)
77. The transistor is also used as _________. (diode, switching device, rectifier, p-type material)
78. If we use two diodes and a centre tapped transformer, we will get _________. (half wave rectification, full wave rectification,
AC current, all of these)
79. A forward biased p-n semiconductor diode is called __________. (L.E.D, Photodiode, Photovoltaic cell, transistor)
80. __________ is generally a reversed biased p-n junction in which light is allowed to fall on the p-layer through a window
provided for this purpose. (L.E.D, photodiode, photovoltaic cell, transistor)
81. Transistors has replaced __________. (diodes, vacuum tubes, rectifiers, photovoltaic cell)
Chapter 15: Atomic Spectra
1. The radiation emitted from hydrogen filled discharge tube, when viewed by dispersing devices such as prism, gratings etc,
shows __________. (A line spectrum, Continuous spectrum, Linear spectrum, all of these)
2. When an electron jumps from higher to lower orbit, then __________. (Energy is absorbed, Energy is emitted, neither
absorbed nor emitted, none of these)
3. When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into first orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
4. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into second orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
5. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into third orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
6. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into fourth orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
7. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into fifth orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Pfund Series, Paschen Series)
8. __________ of the following series in the spectrum of the hydrogen lies in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
(Paschen Series, Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Brackett sEries)
9. __________ of the following is not a fundamental postulate of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom.
(The classical theory does not apply in the case of tiny particles such as electrons, The electron in a stable orbitdoes not
radiate energy, The electron can move in all possible orbits, An atom radiates energy only when an electron jumps from an
allowed orbit of higher energy En to one of the lower energ Ep)
10. __________ of the following is not a fundamental postulate of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom.
(The total energy of the electron in one of it allowed orbit remains constant as long as it remains in the same orbit, An electron
can not revolve in an arbitrary orbit. Only those orbits are possible for which the angular momentum of the electron about the
nucleus is an integral multiple of h/2p, The electron can move in all possible orbits, An atom radiates energy only when an
electron jumps from an allowed orbit of higher energy En to one of the lower energy Ep)
11. According to Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, an electron can revolve around a proton indefinitely if its path is __________.
(a perfect circle of any radius, a circle of constantly decreasing radius, a circle of an allowed radius, an ellipse)
12. In a hydrogen atom the radius of the electron orbit is governed by Bohr’s quantum rule which states that __________. (the
linear momentum of the electron is quantised, the angular momentum of the electron is quantised, the linear velocity of the
electron is quantised, the angular velocity of the electron is quantised)
13. According to Bohr’s theory of the hydrogen atom, the total energy of the hydrogen atom with its electron revolving in the nth
stationary orbit is __________. (proportional to n, proportional to n2, inversely proportional to n, inversely proportional to n2)
14. The energy of the electron of hydrogen orbiting in a stationary orbit of radius rn is proportional to __________.
(rn, 1/rn, rn2, 1/rn2)
15. When an electron jumps from the nth (higher orbit) orbit to the pth orbit (lower orbit), the difference of energy is given by the
equation __________. (h¦ = En – Ep, h¦ = En + Ep, h¦ = E, h¦ = Lp)
16. The frequency ¦ of electromagnetic radiation is given by the equation __________. (¦ = lc, ¦ = 1/l, ¦ = c/l, None of these)
17. The transitions of inner- shell electrons in heavy atoms give rise to __________.
18. X-rays are a part of electromagnetic spectrum and are characterized by frequencies higher than those of __________.
(visible radiation, infrared radiation, ultra violet radiations, none of these)
19. Production of continuous X-rays is due to the __________. (Acceleration of incident electrons by the nucleus of the target
atom, electron transitions between inner-shells of the target atom, electron transitions between outer shells of the target atom,
annihilation of the mass of incident electrons)
20. X-rays are __________. (Positively charged particles, Negatively charged particles, Neutral particles, None of these)
21. The study of the spectrum of characteristic X-rays helps us to __________. (Measure the energy of the incident electrons,
measure the wavelength of the incident electrons, measure the energy of the emitted x-rays, identify the element of which the
target is made)
22. The maximum frequency limit of the continuous x-rays spectrum depends upon __________.
(the atomic number of the atoms of the target, the kinetic energy of the incident electrons, the maximum frequency limit of the
characteristic x-rays spectrum, the degree of vacuum in the x-ray tube)
23. The device that produces an intense, monochromatic and coherent beam of light based on stimulated emission of photons
from atoms, is called __________. (Laser, x-ray tube, discharge tube, cyclotron)
24. An interesting application of laser is the production of three-dimensional images called __________. (Polygons, Holograms,
Ovals, None of these)
25. In solid lasers, a fluorescent crystal, such as that of __________ is used as light amplifying substance.
(Ruby, Glass, semiconductor, all of these)
26. The liquid lasers usually make use of a dye dissolved in __________ as a light amplifying substance.
(Benzene, Citric acid, methanol, alcohol)
27. The laser device used to fragment gallstones and kidney stones is called __________. (Laser beam, Laser scanner, laser
lithotropter, ruby laser)
28. When fast moving electrons strike a metal target inside a partially evacuated tube, then __________ are produced.
(cathode rays are produced, cosmic rays are produced, x-rays are produced, alpha rays are produced)
29. Product of x-rays is a reverse phenomenon of __________. (Photoelectric effect, Compton effect, Pair production,
Annihilation of matter)
30. __________ is a wrong statement in the following. (x-rays are not refracted as they pass from one medium to another, like
visible light, x-rays are diffracted at an obstacle, x-rays can cause ionization of the atoms of a liquid, x-rays are deflected by
electric and magnetic fields)
31. x-rays were discovered by __________. (Madam Curie, Rontgen, Coolidge, Laue)
32. X-rays are produced when an element of high atomic weight is bombarded by high energy __________.
(Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, Photons)
33. __________ of the following parameters of the emitted x-rays increases when the potential difference between the
electrodes of an x-ray tube is increased. (Intensity, Frequency, Wavelength, Speed)
Chapter 16: The Nuclear Physics
1. Atom consists of __________. (Electrons, Protons, Neutrons, All of these)
2. Atom as a whole __________. (Positively charged particle, negatively charged particle, neutral particle, none of these)
3. __________ discovered electron. (R.A. Milikan, J.J. Thomson, Crooks, Einstein)
4. Based on the concepts of modern physics, atoms of the known elements possesses a structure consisting of a central core
of the tom called __________. (proton, nucleons, nucleus, radius)
5. Rutherfords experiment on the scattering of alpha particles by thin foils establishes the existence of __________.
(a negatively charged nucleus, a positively charged nucleus, neutrons in the nucleus, even distribution of charge in the atom)
6. Nucleus contains __________. (electrons and protons, protons and neutrons, electrons and neutrons)
7. Neutron was discovered by __________. (Crooks, J.J Thomson, Chadwick, none of these)
8. The total number of nucleons in the nucleus is called __________. (Atomic number, Mass number, Mole, Gram mole)
9. The total number of electron around the nucleus or total number of protons in the nucleus is called __________.
(Atomic number, Mass number, Avogadro’s number, Gram mole)
10. Nuclei of different elements are identified by their __________. (Atomic number, Mass number, Avogadro’s number, Gram
mole)
11. F.W Aston developed on instrument, which uses electric and magnetic fields to sort out atoms according to their masses.
This instrument is called __________. (Cyclotron, Betatron, Mass Spectrometer, Barometer)
12. Nuclei of the same element having the same Z but different values of N are called __________.
(Isotopes, Isobars, Isomers, Allotropes)
13. Nuclei of different elements with the same number A are called __________. (Isotopes, Isobars, Isomers, Allotropes)
14. Hydrogen has __________. (One isotope, two isotopes, three isotopes, four isotopes)
15. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol 1H1 is called __________. (Proton, Deutron, Triton, all of these)
16. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol 1H2 is called __________. (Proton, Deutron, Triton, all of these)
17. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol 1H3 is called __________. (Proton, Deutron, Triton, all of these)
18. The process of separation of 92U235 from natural uranium is called __________. (Enrichment, Separation, Annhilation,
Fusion)
19. Nuclear forces are __________. (short range forces, long range forces, independent of distances, none of these)
20. The amount of energy required to break the nucleus into its constituent particles is called __________.
(Mass defecit, binding energy, ionization energy, ionization potential)
21. The emission of rays from the nucleus is called __________. (Annhilation of matter, Disintegration of atoms, Radioactivity,
Fission)
22. Atomic number with atomic number Z>82 are __________. (stable, unstable, small, none of these)
23. __________ is not a radioactive element. (Polonium, Radium, Uranium, Hydrogen)
24. Radioactive elements emit __________. (a-rays, b-rays, g-rays, all of these)
25. The mass of each a-particle is nearly __________. (twice times the mass of hydrogen atom, three times the mass of
hydrogen atom, four times the mass of hydrogen atom, five times the mass of hydrogen atom)
26. a-particle is __________. (Positively charge, negatively charge, neutral, None of these)
27. Charge on each a-particle is equal to __________. (the Charge on proton, twice the charge on proton, three times the
charge on proton, four times the charge on proton)
28. __________ of the following particles has very high ionization capability. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
29. __________ of the following particles has very low penetration power. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
30. __________ of the following particle can induce artificial rdioactivity in certain nuclei. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of
these)
31. X-rays are found to be in __________. (electromagnetic waves, electrons, fastly moving helium nucleus, fastly moving
neutron)
32. __________ of the following particles consists of fast moving electrons. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
33. __________ of the following particles has less kinetic energy. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
34. __________ of the following particles move with velocity of light. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
35. X-Rays are __________. (Positively charged, negatively charged, neutral, none of these)
36. __________ rays or particles are not deflected by electric and magnetic field. (a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
37. When g-rays are bombarded on metals, they emit __________. (Protons from the metal surface, neutrons from the metal
surface, electrons from the metal surface, all of these)
38. The penetrating power of g-rays is about hundred times larger than that of __________. (Photons, a-rays, b-rays, electrons)
39. g-rays are electromagnetic radiations similar to __________. (radiowaves, photons, x-rays, b-rays)
40. Unstable isotopes are called __________. (Isobars, isomers, radioactive isotopes, none of these)
41. Isotopes differ only in the number of __________. (electrons, protons, neutrons, none of these)
42. When a nucleus wmits an alpha radiation/particles its atomic number drops by __________. (1, 2, 3, 4)
43. When a nucleus emits an alpha radiation/particles its nucleon number drops by __________. (1, 2, 3, 4)
44. When an element emits b-particles, its mass numbers A __________. (increases by 1, decreases by 1, remains same,
becomes zero)
45. When an element X emits gamma-rays, its atomic number Z __________.
(Increases by 1, decreases by 1, remains same, none of these)
46. When an element X emits gamma rays, its mass number A __________.
(increases by 1, decreases by 1, remains sme, none of these)
47. Out of the following __________ is not emitted by a radioactive substance.
(electrons, electromagnetic radiations, helium nuclei with a charge equal to that of two protons, neutrons)
48. The time required for the element to decay to one half of its original number is called __________.
(Transmutation, half-life, nuclear decay, none of these)
49. It has been observed that, on the average, the actual number of atoms which decay at any instant is __________.
(inversely proportional to the number of atoms present, directly proportional to the number of atoms present, inversely
proportional to the square of the total number of atoms present, inversly proportional to the square root of the total number of
atoms present)
50. The half life of a radioactive substance is 10days. This means that __________.
(the substance completely disintegates in 20 days, the substance completely disintegrates in 40days, 1/8 part of the mass of
the substance will be left intact at the end of 40 days, 7/8 part of the mass of the substance disintegrates in 30 days)
51. The half-life of a radioactive substance depends upon __________.
(its temperature, the external pressure on it, the mass of the substance, the strength of the nuclear force between the nucleons
of its atoms)
52. __________ of the following conservation laws must be obeyed in a nuclear reaction.
(the conservation of electric charge, the conservation of energy and mass, the conservation of linear momentum, the
conservation angular momentum, all of these)
53. __________ of the following particles is considered as an ideal projectile for induced nuclear reactions.
(Electrons, Proton, neutron, g-particle)
54. When mass m is converted into energy it release energy equal to _________. (mc2, mc3, m2c, mc)
55. The splitting of nuclei of a substance into two or more fragments, with emission of energy, its called __________.
(Nuclear fission, Nuclear fusion, a-decay, None of these)
56. The process in which two smaller nuclei combine to corm a big nucleus with release of energy is called __________.
(Nuclear fission, Nuclear fusion, a-decay, none of the above)
57. In a fission reaction each nucleus emits about __________. (one to two neutrons, two to three neutrons, one to two
electrons, two to three electrons)
58. __________ give more energy. (Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Burning of Coal, None of these)
59. The sun which is largest source of heat energy gets its energy by the process of __________. (Nuclear Fission, Nuclear
Fission, Nuclear Chain reaction, all of these)
60. Atomic bomb is based on the principle of __________. (Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Chain Reaction, None of
these)
61. Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of __________. (Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Chain Reaction, None
of these)
62. A device which is used to extract nuclear energy with easier means and with out any harm to environment and human
beings and utilize the energy for fruitful purposes in everyday life and work is ________. (Cyclotron, Nuclear Reactor, Hydrogen
bomb, Betatron)
63. Graphite and heavy water are two common moderators used in a nuclear reactor. The function of the moderator is
_________. (to slow down the neutrons to thermal energies, to absorb the neutrons nad stop the chain reaction, to cool the
reactor, to control the energy released in the reactor)
64. Cadmium rods are used in nuclear reactor for __________. (slowing down fast neutrons, speeding up slow neutrons,
absorbing neutrons, regulating the power level of the reactor)
65. In Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor we use __________. (water as coolant, Sodium metal as coolant, graphite as coolant,
none of these)
66. __________ nuclear radiation detector is based on the principles “that supersaturated vapours condense more readily on
ions or dust particles”. (Wilson Cloud chamber, Geiger counter, Solid state detector, none of these)
67. the Solid-State Detector is basically __________. (a forward biased pn-junction, a reversed biased pn-junction, a forward
biased transistor, a photocell)
Chapter 17: Advent of Modern Physics
1. Modern physics consists of __________. (Newtonian Mechanics, Einstein’s special theory of relativity, Schrodinger’s wave
mechanics, Einstein’s special theory of relativity and Quantum mechanics)
2. The most fundamental to classical physics is/are __________. (Maxwell’s equations, Schrodinger’s wave equation, Law of
newtonian mechanics, Special theory of relativity)
3. __________ believed in absolute time. (Einstein, Maxwell, Galileo, Galileo and Newton)
4. A set of coordinate axes with respect to which measurements are made is called __________.
(frame of reference, inertial frame of reference, non-inertial frame of reference, none of these)
5. Every motion is __________. (relative, absolute, zero, none of these)
6. A frame of reference in which Newton’s laws of motion are valid is called __________.
(Cartesian frame of reference, inertial frame of reference, non-inertial frames of reference, absolute frame of reference)
7. A frame of reference in which Newton’s laws of motion are not valid is called __________.
(Cartesian frame of reference, inertial frame of reference, non-inertial frames of reference, absolute frame of reference)
8. __________ of the Newtonian laws don not hold in an accelerated frame of reference.
(Newton’s first and second law of motion, Newton’s scond and third law of motion, third law of motion, Newton’s first law of
motion and law of Gravitation)
9. __________ of the following statements is not correct. (the law of physics are the same in all inertial frames, the speed of
light in free space has the same value in all inertial frames, two events which occur simultaneously in one reference frame also
must appear to occur simultaneous in another reference frame, Einstein rejected Newton’s idea of absolute time)
10. The simple assumption that all possible reference frames moving with uniform velocity relative to one another are
equivalent for the statement of laws of physics is called the __________. (Principle of Relativity, Uncertainity Principle, Pauli’s
Exclusion Principle, None of these)
11. Special theory of relativity states that __________. (All laws of physics are the same in every inertial reference frame, Every
motion is relative, Light has dual nature, Energy and mas are interconvertable)
12. Special theory of relativity states that __________. (Time is absolute, The speed of light in a vacuumm, measured in all
inertial reference frames always has the same value of c, no matter how fast the source of light and the observer are moving
relative to each other, space is absolute, at rest mas of an object is always zero)
13. A body of some material capable of absorbing all heat radiation incident on it and can emit in turn all the radiation at
constant temperature after it is in equilibrium with it is called __________. (Black body, Black body radiation, Black body cavity,
Cavity radiation)
14. Rayleigh Jeans theory is incomplete disagreement with the experimental curve of black body radiation __________.
(In the region of short wavelength, in the region of long wavelength, both in the region of short and long wavelength, none of
these)
15. Wein’s theory is complete disagreement with the experimental curve of black body radiation __________.
(In the region of short wavelength, in the region of long wavelength, both in the region of short and long wavelength, none of
these)
16. In 1900, __________ proposed a formula which explained I detail the whole shape of the black body spectrum for all
wavelengths. (Wein, Rayleigh, Einstein, Maxwell Plank)
17. __________ proposed quantum theory of radiation. (Wein, Einstein, Plank, Newton)
18. __________ theory explains that energy exchange takes place in discrete “bundles” or “quanta”.
(Special theory of Relativity, Quantum Theory, Corpuscular Theory, Bohr’s Theory)
19. Mathematically Quantum theory is states as __________. (E = mc2, E = hf, v = nl, none of these)
20. Light consists of particle wave called __________. (Proton, Electron, Neutron, Photon)
21. The rest mass of photon is __________. (One, Zero, Infinite, None of these)
22. In 1905, __________ proposed that the packets or bundles of energy are integral part of all electromagnetic radiations.
(Plank, Einstein, Newton, Wein)
23. The process of ejection of loosely bound electrons from a metallic surface by the absorption of photons is called
_________. (Pair production, Compton Effect, Photoelectric effect, Uncertainity Principle)
24. The photoelectric effect establishes that __________. (Light travels in the form of inertial of quanta of energy, Light travels
in the form of transverse waves, light travels in the form of longitudinal waves, light is a transverse electromagnetic wave)
25. The photoelectric emission from the surface of a metal starts only when the light incident on the surface has a certain
__________. (minimum frequency, minimum wavelength, minimum intensity, minimum speed)
26. At frequencies of the incident radiation above the threshold frequency, the photoelectric current in a photoelectric cell
increases with the increase in __________. (intensity of incident radiation, wavelength of incident radiation, frequency of
incident radiation, speed of incident emitted from a metal surface)
27. The photoelectrons emitted from a metal surface __________. (are all at rest, have the same kinetic energy, have the same
momentum, have speeds varying from zero up to a certain maximum value)
28. For each material emission occurs only for certain definite frequency fo of light called __________.
(1 Hertz, Critical frequency, threshold frequency, minimum frequency)
29. Amount of energy in a photon depends on the __________. (rest mass, frequency, momentum, wavelength)
30. The minimum energy of an electron that must have in order to escape from the metal surface is called __________.
(Stopping potential, work function, threshold frequency, wavelength)
31. Photoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which electromagnetic waves exhibit __________.
(Wave nature, particle nature, both wave and particle nature, none of these)
32. In Compton Effect __________. (The scattered photon has frequency less than that of the incident photon, the scattered
photon has frequency greater than that of the incident photon, the scattered photon has frequency equal to the incident photon,
none of these)
33. On moving from one place to another electromagnetic radiation behaves as _________. (particles, waves, both particles
and waves, none of these)
34. Electromagnetic radiation when interact with material particle, behaves as __________. (particles, waves, both particles
and waves, none of these)
35. When we try to stop a very high photon it loses its identify and disintegration into an electron and a positron. This is called
__________. (Pair production, Annihilation, X-rays production, Compton effect)
36. A process reverse to the pair production is known as __________. (Photoelectric effect, Annihilation, X-rays production,
Compton Effect)
37. When an electron and a positron combine together in such a way that both of them disappear and their combined mass
reappear as two gamma ray photons. This is called __________. (Photoelectric effect, Annihilation, X-rays production,
Compton effect)
38. “The product of the uncertainties in momentum (Dp) and position)Dx) of particle at some instant is approximately fo the
order of Plank’s constant h”. This is called __________.
(Pauli’s Exclusion Principle, Heisenberg Uncertainity Principle, Photoelectric effect, Compton effect)