Lecture 6
... ATP is recycled by the cell • A protein carrier takes the ATP molecules to the intermembrane space (and then the ADP molecules to the matrix) • The ATP molecules diffuse through the large pores in the outer membrane and enter the ...
... ATP is recycled by the cell • A protein carrier takes the ATP molecules to the intermembrane space (and then the ADP molecules to the matrix) • The ATP molecules diffuse through the large pores in the outer membrane and enter the ...
Chapter 5:Bioenergetics and oxidative phosphorylation Q1: why is
... Q1: what are the substrates of gluconeogenesis? Q2: starting from lactate list all the steps for glucose synthesis? Q3: explain how alanine converted into glucose? Q4: write down the net equation of gluconeogenesis? And how many ATPs are produced? Q5: what is "Cori cycle"? and what are the biochemic ...
... Q1: what are the substrates of gluconeogenesis? Q2: starting from lactate list all the steps for glucose synthesis? Q3: explain how alanine converted into glucose? Q4: write down the net equation of gluconeogenesis? And how many ATPs are produced? Q5: what is "Cori cycle"? and what are the biochemic ...
15. The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in
... - Pyruvate dehydrogenase activated by phosphoprotein phosphatase ...
... - Pyruvate dehydrogenase activated by phosphoprotein phosphatase ...
some of Chapter 25
... the sum of all the chemical reactions taking place in (a cell) an organism ...
... the sum of all the chemical reactions taking place in (a cell) an organism ...
Biology 233
... occurs in mitochondrial matrix 2 (3C) pyruvic acid + 2 coenzyme A -----> 2 (2C) acetyl CoA net gain (per glucose) 2 CO2 2 NADH 3) Citric Acid Cycle (TCA cycle, Kreb’s cycle) 2 acetyl CoA enter cycle and are broken down occurs in mitochondrial matrix in one cycle: 1 (2C) acetyl CoA + (4C) molecule -- ...
... occurs in mitochondrial matrix 2 (3C) pyruvic acid + 2 coenzyme A -----> 2 (2C) acetyl CoA net gain (per glucose) 2 CO2 2 NADH 3) Citric Acid Cycle (TCA cycle, Kreb’s cycle) 2 acetyl CoA enter cycle and are broken down occurs in mitochondrial matrix in one cycle: 1 (2C) acetyl CoA + (4C) molecule -- ...
Cell Respiration Flow Chart
... As you read through the steps that happen in cellular respiration, draw models of the molecules involved (just include the number of carbons along with the molecule’s name) and create a flow chart showing the steps. Keep track of the major molecules involved. It helps to keep track of the number of ...
... As you read through the steps that happen in cellular respiration, draw models of the molecules involved (just include the number of carbons along with the molecule’s name) and create a flow chart showing the steps. Keep track of the major molecules involved. It helps to keep track of the number of ...
acetyl-CoA
... seen more commonly in families from regions where malaria is endemic. Because red blood cells contain a large amount of oxygen, they are prone to spontaneously generate ROS that damage protein and lipid in the cell. In the presence of ROS, hemoglobin may precipitate (Heinz bodies) and membrane lipid ...
... seen more commonly in families from regions where malaria is endemic. Because red blood cells contain a large amount of oxygen, they are prone to spontaneously generate ROS that damage protein and lipid in the cell. In the presence of ROS, hemoglobin may precipitate (Heinz bodies) and membrane lipid ...
Slide 1
... 2. Cellular Respiration • A series of metabolic pathways involving 3 separate phases: • Krebs cycle • electron transport system • oxidative phosphorylation • Oxidizes pyruvate to ATP & CO2 • Text pg 117 • So why is ATP so important? ...
... 2. Cellular Respiration • A series of metabolic pathways involving 3 separate phases: • Krebs cycle • electron transport system • oxidative phosphorylation • Oxidizes pyruvate to ATP & CO2 • Text pg 117 • So why is ATP so important? ...
21.8 The Citric Acid Cycle
... • At the conclusion of the citric acid cycle, the reduced coenzymes formed in the cycle are ready to donate their energy to making additional ATP • Hydrogen and electrons from NADH and FADH2 enter the electron-transport chain at enzyme complexes I and II, respectively. • The enzyme for Step 6 of the ...
... • At the conclusion of the citric acid cycle, the reduced coenzymes formed in the cycle are ready to donate their energy to making additional ATP • Hydrogen and electrons from NADH and FADH2 enter the electron-transport chain at enzyme complexes I and II, respectively. • The enzyme for Step 6 of the ...
21.8 The Citric Acid Cycle
... • At the conclusion of the citric acid cycle, the reduced coenzymes formed in the cycle are ready to donate their energy to making additional ATP • Hydrogen and electrons from NADH and FADH2 enter the electron-transport chain at enzyme complexes I and II, respectively. • The enzyme for Step 6 of the ...
... • At the conclusion of the citric acid cycle, the reduced coenzymes formed in the cycle are ready to donate their energy to making additional ATP • Hydrogen and electrons from NADH and FADH2 enter the electron-transport chain at enzyme complexes I and II, respectively. • The enzyme for Step 6 of the ...
Chapter 27 Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy
... 27.42 Hydrogen ions and electrons are separated at three points in the electron transport chain. At Complexes I, III, and IV, protons are pumped across the membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space as electrons are transported from carrier to carrier and finally to oxygen (Figure 27.10). T ...
... 27.42 Hydrogen ions and electrons are separated at three points in the electron transport chain. At Complexes I, III, and IV, protons are pumped across the membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space as electrons are transported from carrier to carrier and finally to oxygen (Figure 27.10). T ...
Cellular Respiration - LaPazColegioWiki2013-2014
... Occurs in Humans—why your muscles “burn” when ...
... Occurs in Humans—why your muscles “burn” when ...
Document
... Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen. Cellular respiration captures the energy from food in three main stages: glycolysis the Krebs cycle the electron transport chain Glycolysis does not require oxygen. Th ...
... Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen. Cellular respiration captures the energy from food in three main stages: glycolysis the Krebs cycle the electron transport chain Glycolysis does not require oxygen. Th ...
Transport of molecules into a bacterial cell
... The vitamin CoA is way bigger than the organic acids acted on by the enzymes. CoA serves as a handle; an acid attaches to it, chemistry is done on the acid. Acids (e.g. acetate, succinate) attach to this –SH group here. ...
... The vitamin CoA is way bigger than the organic acids acted on by the enzymes. CoA serves as a handle; an acid attaches to it, chemistry is done on the acid. Acids (e.g. acetate, succinate) attach to this –SH group here. ...
5 Lipid and Protein Metabolism
... Ketone Bodies • 3 water soluble molecules made by the liver from fatty acid metabolism during fasting or carbohydrate restriction to use as energy instead of glucose • 2 of the 3 are used by the heart and brain and muscle for ATP synthesis – Picked up by cells and used to make acetyl-CoA – In t ...
... Ketone Bodies • 3 water soluble molecules made by the liver from fatty acid metabolism during fasting or carbohydrate restriction to use as energy instead of glucose • 2 of the 3 are used by the heart and brain and muscle for ATP synthesis – Picked up by cells and used to make acetyl-CoA – In t ...
(key)
... ld("ATPase e. Dehydrogenase f. 5· In what process is ubiquitin used? Breifly describe it action. LJN4 t ~UWl, '! ~oftt;tt~s- 74...-~~ pr"-f_.:.~ {;7 chJY~nWI ...
... ld("ATPase e. Dehydrogenase f. 5· In what process is ubiquitin used? Breifly describe it action. LJN4 t ~UWl, '! ~oftt;tt~s- 74...-~~ pr"-f_.:.~ {;7 chJY~nWI ...
Metabolism - College of the Canyons
... 2 FAD + 2 H2 2 FADH2 • Carbon atoms of glucose have all been carried away as CO2 and exhaled • Energy lost as heat, stored in 2 ATP, 8 reduced NADH, 2 FADH2 molecules of the matrix reactions and 2 NADH from glycolysis • Citric acid cycle is a source of substances for synthesis of fats and nonessen ...
... 2 FAD + 2 H2 2 FADH2 • Carbon atoms of glucose have all been carried away as CO2 and exhaled • Energy lost as heat, stored in 2 ATP, 8 reduced NADH, 2 FADH2 molecules of the matrix reactions and 2 NADH from glycolysis • Citric acid cycle is a source of substances for synthesis of fats and nonessen ...
Fill in the Captions AP Lesson #26 Are our diets only glucose? How
... glycolysis & Krebs cycle as links to pathways for synthesis ...
... glycolysis & Krebs cycle as links to pathways for synthesis ...
10/31
... Sulfate is activated by the formation of phosphoadenosine5-phosphosulfate Sulfate is then reduced to sulfite (SO32) then to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ...
... Sulfate is activated by the formation of phosphoadenosine5-phosphosulfate Sulfate is then reduced to sulfite (SO32) then to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ...
Metabolism Objective Project
... by blocking substrates from entering active sites Non competitive inhibitors bind away from the active site, but change the shape of the enzyme so the active ...
... by blocking substrates from entering active sites Non competitive inhibitors bind away from the active site, but change the shape of the enzyme so the active ...
Exam Review two KEY
... 4. What happens to the electrons as they move from Photosystem II to Photosystem I? A. Gains energy along the way. B. Energy stays the same. C. Loses energy, this is why a 2nd input of light is needed in Photosystem I. D. Electrons move from Photosystem I to Photosystem II and lose energy along the ...
... 4. What happens to the electrons as they move from Photosystem II to Photosystem I? A. Gains energy along the way. B. Energy stays the same. C. Loses energy, this is why a 2nd input of light is needed in Photosystem I. D. Electrons move from Photosystem I to Photosystem II and lose energy along the ...
Microbial Metabolism Overview
... If a cell runs out of electron acceptor (O2 or N or S), respiration can only proceed through glycolysis. Prokaryotes – some only go this far to make energy, they only do fermentation and do not have the capability to do respiration. 6C molecule (glucose) → two 3 carbon molecules (pyruvate) this make ...
... If a cell runs out of electron acceptor (O2 or N or S), respiration can only proceed through glycolysis. Prokaryotes – some only go this far to make energy, they only do fermentation and do not have the capability to do respiration. 6C molecule (glucose) → two 3 carbon molecules (pyruvate) this make ...
Metabolism
... as compounds other than primary compounds. A compound is classified as a secondary metabolite if it does not seem to directly function in the processes of growth and development. Even though secondary compounds are a normal part of the metabolism of an organism, they are often produced in specialize ...
... as compounds other than primary compounds. A compound is classified as a secondary metabolite if it does not seem to directly function in the processes of growth and development. Even though secondary compounds are a normal part of the metabolism of an organism, they are often produced in specialize ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.