Slide 1
... Ammonia released from aa oxidation is transported to the liver in the form of glutamine for urea synthesis. Glutamine is deaminated to glutamate and the free amino group enters the urea cycle for synthesis of urea. Aspartate is synthesized from glutamate and oxaloacetate by glutamate-oxaloacetate t ...
... Ammonia released from aa oxidation is transported to the liver in the form of glutamine for urea synthesis. Glutamine is deaminated to glutamate and the free amino group enters the urea cycle for synthesis of urea. Aspartate is synthesized from glutamate and oxaloacetate by glutamate-oxaloacetate t ...
Cellular Respiration Chapter 7- Cfe Higher Human Biology
... Hydrogen ions are released from the substrate by an enzyme called dehydrogenase. These hydrogen ions are added to a coenzyme called NAD and becomes NADH. The process of glycolysis does not need oxygen however the production of further ATPs from NADH only occurs at the later stage in respiration if o ...
... Hydrogen ions are released from the substrate by an enzyme called dehydrogenase. These hydrogen ions are added to a coenzyme called NAD and becomes NADH. The process of glycolysis does not need oxygen however the production of further ATPs from NADH only occurs at the later stage in respiration if o ...
Nutrition/Metabolism Part A
... Oxidation occurs via the gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen Whenever one substance is oxidized, another substance is reduced Oxidized substances lose energy Reduced substances gain energy Coenzymes act as hydrogen (or electron) acceptors Two important coenzymes are nicotinamide adenine dinucleot ...
... Oxidation occurs via the gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen Whenever one substance is oxidized, another substance is reduced Oxidized substances lose energy Reduced substances gain energy Coenzymes act as hydrogen (or electron) acceptors Two important coenzymes are nicotinamide adenine dinucleot ...
Biology 105
... Stage 1 of aerobic respiration of glucose • Known as glycolysis • Takes place in the cytosol • Glucose molecule is converted to two 3carbon molecules of pyruvate • ATP and NADH are formed ...
... Stage 1 of aerobic respiration of glucose • Known as glycolysis • Takes place in the cytosol • Glucose molecule is converted to two 3carbon molecules of pyruvate • ATP and NADH are formed ...
Ch 30 reading guide
... 12. Amino acids that are catabolized to acetyl CoA or acetoacetylCoA are termed __________________, but those that are catabolized to pyruvate, a-ketogluterate, succinyl CoA, fumarate, or oxaloacetate are called _____________________. 13. List each of the 20 amino acids as ketogenic, glucogenic, or ...
... 12. Amino acids that are catabolized to acetyl CoA or acetoacetylCoA are termed __________________, but those that are catabolized to pyruvate, a-ketogluterate, succinyl CoA, fumarate, or oxaloacetate are called _____________________. 13. List each of the 20 amino acids as ketogenic, glucogenic, or ...
- Riverside Preparatory High School
... Occurs in the MATRIX of the mitochondria Pyruvic Acid from Glycolysis enters to form 1 ATP 3 NADH 1 FADH2 CO2 (which is released when we exhale!!) AKA….Citric Acid Cycle ...
... Occurs in the MATRIX of the mitochondria Pyruvic Acid from Glycolysis enters to form 1 ATP 3 NADH 1 FADH2 CO2 (which is released when we exhale!!) AKA….Citric Acid Cycle ...
L10v02b_-_citric_acid_cycle.stamped_doc
... [00:00:00.69] SPEAKER 1: Hi there. In this video clip, we're going to continue our discussion on central metabolism. And we left off with acetyl CoA being produced from either sugar or fatty acids being present in the inner mitochondrial matrix and being just about ready to integrate into the citric ...
... [00:00:00.69] SPEAKER 1: Hi there. In this video clip, we're going to continue our discussion on central metabolism. And we left off with acetyl CoA being produced from either sugar or fatty acids being present in the inner mitochondrial matrix and being just about ready to integrate into the citric ...
Notes - Learner
... The energy produced during respiration is also used for synthesizing other molecules. To ensure the adequate supply of energy for synthesis of different molecules; plants catabolise the glucose molecule in such a way that not all the liberated energy goes out as heat. Glucose is oxidized in several ...
... The energy produced during respiration is also used for synthesizing other molecules. To ensure the adequate supply of energy for synthesis of different molecules; plants catabolise the glucose molecule in such a way that not all the liberated energy goes out as heat. Glucose is oxidized in several ...
Lecture 08 Notes
... 2. Named after Hans Krebs, 1930 worked out process 3. Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix 4. Five chemical steps – disassembles one two-‐carbon acetyl CoA into two CO2 molecules, while reducing one FAD molec ...
... 2. Named after Hans Krebs, 1930 worked out process 3. Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix 4. Five chemical steps – disassembles one two-‐carbon acetyl CoA into two CO2 molecules, while reducing one FAD molec ...
Spotlight on Metabolism Ans
... Although each energy-yielding nutrient initially follows a different metabolic pathway, they all follow the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. During glycolysis one molecule of glucose yields two NADH, a net of two ATP and two pyruvate. In the next step of carbohydra ...
... Although each energy-yielding nutrient initially follows a different metabolic pathway, they all follow the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. During glycolysis one molecule of glucose yields two NADH, a net of two ATP and two pyruvate. In the next step of carbohydra ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... PYRUVATE (3C) molecules The 6C glucose is phosphorylated then split into 2 triose phosphate molecules (3C) which are then oxidised further to produce the pyruvate, some ATP and reduced NAD NAD can be reduced to NADH - it accepts H+ and transports ions around the cell - the hydrogen can be transferre ...
... PYRUVATE (3C) molecules The 6C glucose is phosphorylated then split into 2 triose phosphate molecules (3C) which are then oxidised further to produce the pyruvate, some ATP and reduced NAD NAD can be reduced to NADH - it accepts H+ and transports ions around the cell - the hydrogen can be transferre ...
Biology-1 Exam Two Sample Questions Substrates bind to an
... 10. The mitochondrion ATP synthase a. is a nucleic acid complex. b. transports H+ ions from the matrix to the intermembrane space. c. couples the flow of H+ to the phosphorylation of NAD+. d. is embedded in the outer membrane of the mitochondron. e. helps transport H+ against the concentration gradi ...
... 10. The mitochondrion ATP synthase a. is a nucleic acid complex. b. transports H+ ions from the matrix to the intermembrane space. c. couples the flow of H+ to the phosphorylation of NAD+. d. is embedded in the outer membrane of the mitochondron. e. helps transport H+ against the concentration gradi ...
Lecture 13
... • Also, fats and proteins can be oxidized for energy, but we will not focus on them. ...
... • Also, fats and proteins can be oxidized for energy, but we will not focus on them. ...
1. Metabolic pathways 2. Basic enzyme kinetics 3. Metabolic
... Also called the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle Completely oxidizes pyruvate to produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation Location » Bacteria – occurs in cytosol » Yeast – occurs in mitochondria ...
... Also called the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle Completely oxidizes pyruvate to produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation Location » Bacteria – occurs in cytosol » Yeast – occurs in mitochondria ...
Lecture 6
... untapped. Under Aerobic conditions a much more dynamic pyruvate metabolism occurs. The 2 moles of NADH produced by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase are oxidized in the electron transport chain back to NAD +. The electron transport chain generates a proton gradient that drives the synthesis o ...
... untapped. Under Aerobic conditions a much more dynamic pyruvate metabolism occurs. The 2 moles of NADH produced by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase are oxidized in the electron transport chain back to NAD +. The electron transport chain generates a proton gradient that drives the synthesis o ...
energy & cellular respiration
... • Catabolic pathways that break down organic molecules for the production of ATP • Overall energy gain from 1 mol. of glucose 1. Equation for complete breakdown of glucose C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2 O + 36 ATP 2. AKA oxidation of glucose 3. Rate is 40% efficient ...
... • Catabolic pathways that break down organic molecules for the production of ATP • Overall energy gain from 1 mol. of glucose 1. Equation for complete breakdown of glucose C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2 O + 36 ATP 2. AKA oxidation of glucose 3. Rate is 40% efficient ...
PowerPoint 프레젠테이션
... To maintain sufficient amount of 20 aa for protein synthesis, feedback and allosteric mechanism ensure it. ...
... To maintain sufficient amount of 20 aa for protein synthesis, feedback and allosteric mechanism ensure it. ...
Energy Yields from Aerobic Respiration: Some Alternatives
... cells of the body. In stage II, these monomers enter cells of the body and are converted into a form that can be completely oxidized. For carbohydrates, glucose is used as a substrate for the glycolysis pathway, the first stage of carbohydrate metabolism. In this pathway, glucose is converted into t ...
... cells of the body. In stage II, these monomers enter cells of the body and are converted into a form that can be completely oxidized. For carbohydrates, glucose is used as a substrate for the glycolysis pathway, the first stage of carbohydrate metabolism. In this pathway, glucose is converted into t ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... II. State whether the following are true or false, if false, give reason ...
... II. State whether the following are true or false, if false, give reason ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.