Cellular Respiration
... fructose bisphosphate splits into two 3 C molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P aka PGAL) *lysis each G3P molecule goes through series of reactions that convert it into pyruvate (pyruvic acid) During these reactions, 2 high energy electrons and a H+ are added to NAD+ to form “energized” carri ...
... fructose bisphosphate splits into two 3 C molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P aka PGAL) *lysis each G3P molecule goes through series of reactions that convert it into pyruvate (pyruvic acid) During these reactions, 2 high energy electrons and a H+ are added to NAD+ to form “energized” carri ...
Ch 9 Kreb Cycle and ETC
... u if O2 is available, pyruvate enters mitochondria u enzymes of Krebs cycle complete the full oxidation of sugar to CO2 u ...
... u if O2 is available, pyruvate enters mitochondria u enzymes of Krebs cycle complete the full oxidation of sugar to CO2 u ...
Metabolism_PartII Group work
... o The central metabolic pathways Glycolysis Pentose phosphate pathway Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and transition step o Aerobic respiration o Anaerobic respiration o Fermentation Part B: Now label on each diagram how the harvested energy is stored during each catabolic process. AT ...
... o The central metabolic pathways Glycolysis Pentose phosphate pathway Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and transition step o Aerobic respiration o Anaerobic respiration o Fermentation Part B: Now label on each diagram how the harvested energy is stored during each catabolic process. AT ...
Cellular Respiration Chapter 9
... The electrons are passed down a chain of proteins until they reach the final electron acceptor…..oxygen! ...
... The electrons are passed down a chain of proteins until they reach the final electron acceptor…..oxygen! ...
FINAL EXAM - 09 December 2005
... More Matching – 3 points each. Match the proper catabolic stage of glucose catabolism. The possible answers are (A) Glycolysis, (B) Oxidation of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, (C) Citric Acid Cycle; (D) Oxidative ...
... More Matching – 3 points each. Match the proper catabolic stage of glucose catabolism. The possible answers are (A) Glycolysis, (B) Oxidation of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, (C) Citric Acid Cycle; (D) Oxidative ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... Electrons carried to the inner membrane by NADH and FADH are dropped off at the beginning As the electrons are passed along, their energy is used to pump H+ ions out of the matrix and into the intermembrane space creating a Conc. Gradient The only way back into the matrix for H+ ions is through a pr ...
... Electrons carried to the inner membrane by NADH and FADH are dropped off at the beginning As the electrons are passed along, their energy is used to pump H+ ions out of the matrix and into the intermembrane space creating a Conc. Gradient The only way back into the matrix for H+ ions is through a pr ...
Assignment 6 Cell Respiration
... driven steps (8) that occur in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells. The ETC is run by a series of reduction/oxidation linked molecules (called cytochromes) found embedded into the inner mitochondrial membrane (imm.). Where would the Glycolytic enzymes, Kreb’s cycle enzymes and ETC cytochrom ...
... driven steps (8) that occur in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells. The ETC is run by a series of reduction/oxidation linked molecules (called cytochromes) found embedded into the inner mitochondrial membrane (imm.). Where would the Glycolytic enzymes, Kreb’s cycle enzymes and ETC cytochrom ...
Respiration
... 2. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? 3. What are the reactants and products of glycolysis? 4. Which has more energy available: a. ADP or ATP? b. NAD+ or NADH? c. FAD+ or FADH2? ...
... 2. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? 3. What are the reactants and products of glycolysis? 4. Which has more energy available: a. ADP or ATP? b. NAD+ or NADH? c. FAD+ or FADH2? ...
投影片 1
... The energy yield from the oxidation of fatty acids O CH3(CH2)16C-S-CoA + 8FAD + 8NAD+ + 8H2O + 8CoA-SH O 9CH3-C-S-CoA + 8FADH2 + 8NADH + 8H+ O 9CH3-C-S-CoA + 9FAD + 27NAD + + 9GDP + 9Pi + 27 H2O 18CO2 + 9CoA-SH + 9FADH2 + 27NADH + 9GTP + 27H+ 17FADH2 + 8.5O2 + 25.5ADP + 25.5Pi 17 FAD + 25.5 ATP + 1 ...
... The energy yield from the oxidation of fatty acids O CH3(CH2)16C-S-CoA + 8FAD + 8NAD+ + 8H2O + 8CoA-SH O 9CH3-C-S-CoA + 8FADH2 + 8NADH + 8H+ O 9CH3-C-S-CoA + 9FAD + 27NAD + + 9GDP + 9Pi + 27 H2O 18CO2 + 9CoA-SH + 9FADH2 + 27NADH + 9GTP + 27H+ 17FADH2 + 8.5O2 + 25.5ADP + 25.5Pi 17 FAD + 25.5 ATP + 1 ...
ppt file/carboxilase
... b.) malate-aspartate shuttle can export cytoplasmic glycolytic NADH hydrogen to mitochondrial matrix to electron transport chain alpha-ketoglutarate-malate and aspartate-glutamate(+H+) antiporters take part In PC deficiency the NAD/NADH ratio is abnormal, mitochondrial membrane potential is disrupt ...
... b.) malate-aspartate shuttle can export cytoplasmic glycolytic NADH hydrogen to mitochondrial matrix to electron transport chain alpha-ketoglutarate-malate and aspartate-glutamate(+H+) antiporters take part In PC deficiency the NAD/NADH ratio is abnormal, mitochondrial membrane potential is disrupt ...
Grading Rubric: Photosynthesis and Cellular
... The products of glycolysis (pyruvic acid) continues on into the mitochondria for cellular respiration to continue making ATP ...
... The products of glycolysis (pyruvic acid) continues on into the mitochondria for cellular respiration to continue making ATP ...
Bozeman Science Video: Cellular Respiration Name: Directions
... Directions: Follow along with Mr. Anderson as he explains the process of cellular respiration. Clip can be found at http://www.bozemanscience.com/cellular-respiration 1. Cellular respiration takes organic compounds and converts them to _________, _____________, and ______________ 2. Do plants do cel ...
... Directions: Follow along with Mr. Anderson as he explains the process of cellular respiration. Clip can be found at http://www.bozemanscience.com/cellular-respiration 1. Cellular respiration takes organic compounds and converts them to _________, _____________, and ______________ 2. Do plants do cel ...
GLYCOLYSIS GLUCONEOGENESIS
... represents a catabolic process; moving from narrow to broad represents an anabolic process. ...
... represents a catabolic process; moving from narrow to broad represents an anabolic process. ...
BIE 5810 - Chapter 5, Part I
... (2) Efficiency in utilizing total energy potentially available from glucose: E= 14,600 cal__ = 2% (typical of fermentations) 686,.000 cal 1. (p. 139) TCA cycle main functions: 1. provide e (NADH) for electron transport chain and biosynthesis 2. supply C skeletons for AMINO ACID synthesis 3. generate ...
... (2) Efficiency in utilizing total energy potentially available from glucose: E= 14,600 cal__ = 2% (typical of fermentations) 686,.000 cal 1. (p. 139) TCA cycle main functions: 1. provide e (NADH) for electron transport chain and biosynthesis 2. supply C skeletons for AMINO ACID synthesis 3. generate ...
Amino acid metabolism III. Brake down of amino acids
... • much of the catabolism of amino acids takes place in the liver • branched-chain amino acids are oxidized as fuels primarily in the muscles, adipose, kidney, and brain tissue ...
... • much of the catabolism of amino acids takes place in the liver • branched-chain amino acids are oxidized as fuels primarily in the muscles, adipose, kidney, and brain tissue ...
L23 HH Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle e
... acid cycle if oxygen is available. • Pyruvate is broken down to an acetyl group that combines with coenzyme A to be transferred to the citric acid cycle as acetyl coenzyme A. Acetyl coenzyme A combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, followed by the enzyme mediated steps of the citric acid cycle ...
... acid cycle if oxygen is available. • Pyruvate is broken down to an acetyl group that combines with coenzyme A to be transferred to the citric acid cycle as acetyl coenzyme A. Acetyl coenzyme A combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, followed by the enzyme mediated steps of the citric acid cycle ...
Ch. 4 Outline
... C. Cycle repeats as long as pyruvic acid and oxygen are available D. For each citric acid molecule: 1. One ATP is produced 2. Eight hydrogen atoms are transferred to NAD+ and FAD 3. Two CO2 produced Electron Transport System A. NADH and FADH2 carry electrons to the ETS B. ETS is a series of electron ...
... C. Cycle repeats as long as pyruvic acid and oxygen are available D. For each citric acid molecule: 1. One ATP is produced 2. Eight hydrogen atoms are transferred to NAD+ and FAD 3. Two CO2 produced Electron Transport System A. NADH and FADH2 carry electrons to the ETS B. ETS is a series of electron ...
Master Entrance Exam
... 17. Which of the following is not true of the citric acid cycle? (A) All enzymes of the cycle are located in the cytoplasm, except succinate dehydrogenase, which is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. (B) In the presence of malonate, one would expect succinate to accumulate. (C) Oxaloacetate ...
... 17. Which of the following is not true of the citric acid cycle? (A) All enzymes of the cycle are located in the cytoplasm, except succinate dehydrogenase, which is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. (B) In the presence of malonate, one would expect succinate to accumulate. (C) Oxaloacetate ...
annotated slides Power Point
... • Lack of insulin related to uncontrolled fat breakdown in adipose tissues • Excess b-oxidation of fatty acids results in ketone body formation. • Can often smell acetone on the breath of diabetics. • High levels of ketone bodies leads to condition known as diabetic ketoacidosis. • Because ketone bo ...
... • Lack of insulin related to uncontrolled fat breakdown in adipose tissues • Excess b-oxidation of fatty acids results in ketone body formation. • Can often smell acetone on the breath of diabetics. • High levels of ketone bodies leads to condition known as diabetic ketoacidosis. • Because ketone bo ...
Cellular Respiration
... The purpose of fermentation is to prevent the accumulation of pyruvate, and to prevent the depletion of the NAD+ pool. Lactic acid fermentation in mammals ...
... The purpose of fermentation is to prevent the accumulation of pyruvate, and to prevent the depletion of the NAD+ pool. Lactic acid fermentation in mammals ...
1 - Chiropractic National Board Review Questions
... 17. Gluconeogenesis with lipolysis but no protein synthesis will lead to? A. Starvation B. Being well fed C. High glucose levels D. High-fat levels 18. Which of the following states produces the most fatty acids? A. Starvation B. High carbohydrate diet C. High fatty diet D. High protein diet 19. Aft ...
... 17. Gluconeogenesis with lipolysis but no protein synthesis will lead to? A. Starvation B. Being well fed C. High glucose levels D. High-fat levels 18. Which of the following states produces the most fatty acids? A. Starvation B. High carbohydrate diet C. High fatty diet D. High protein diet 19. Aft ...
Mock Exam 2 1. Which of the following s
... b. To produce NAD+ in order to continue glycolysis c. To produce NADH in order to continue glycolysis d. To prevent further increases in oxygen debt If an enzyme solution is saturated with substrate, the most effective way to obtain an even faster yield of products is to a. Add more of the enzyme b. ...
... b. To produce NAD+ in order to continue glycolysis c. To produce NADH in order to continue glycolysis d. To prevent further increases in oxygen debt If an enzyme solution is saturated with substrate, the most effective way to obtain an even faster yield of products is to a. Add more of the enzyme b. ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.