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Cellular Respiration
What is Cellular Respiration?
• When organisms release the _______
energy
stored in the chemical bonds of food
molecules such as glucose and other
sugars made in photosynthesis.
• The type of energy released is
• ATP powers all work within cells.
ATP
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose:
A disaccharide
Monosaccharides
.
Aerobic
Respiration
1. Requires Oxygen
2. Many ATP molecules
are made by the
mitochondria from the
glucose.
Label the parts of the
mitochondrion
Intermembrane space
3 Steps to Cellular Respiration
Breaking the bonds of Glucose for ATP
1.
Glycolysis:
• Occurs in the cytoplasm
• No O2 required
• 2 ATP made
2. Krebs or Citric Acid Cycle:
• Occurs in the matrix
• CO2 gas is released here
• 2 ATP made
3. Electron Transport Chain
• Occurs in the folds of the inner membrane (crista)
• Uses O2 and about 32 ATP and water is made.
Breaking the First Bond of
Glucose: Glycolysis
“Glyco” “lysis” literally means
“sugar” “splitting”
Anytime bonds break, energy carriers
can capture some of that energy.
+
P
NADH
NAD
NADH
NADP+
NADH = +2
When bonds break, ATP can be
made from that energy
Just
observe
what
happens
next….
ATP
= +2
P
ATP
ADP
These smaller
sugar
molecules
ATP
P
ADP
made from
glycolysis are
called Pyruvate
The Krebs Cycle takes place in
the Matrix of the Mitochondrion,
where more bonds are broken.
NADH
NAD+
NADH
NAD+
Food for
thought…
what gas
am I?
The CO2
that gets
exhaled
The Krebs Cycle takes place in
the Matrix of the Mitochondrion,
where more bonds are broken.
Citric Acid
The Krebs Cycle takes place in
the Matrix of the Mitochondrion,
where more bonds are broken.
NADH
NAD+
The Krebs Cycle takes place in
the Matrix of the Mitochondrion,
where more bonds are broken.
NADH
NAD+
The Krebs Cycle takes place in
the Matrix of the Mitochondrion,
where more bonds are broken.
ATP
ADP
NADH
NAD+
P
The Krebs Cycle takes place in
the Matrix of the Mitochondrion,
where more bonds are broken.
FADH
FADH2
What is gained per glucose
molecule during the Krebs Cycle?
Energy Carriers
• What
But there
were
kind
of two
NADH = +4
+8
molecules
pyruvate
waste
wasofmade
that
entered
in
the
Krebsthe
Krebs Cycle…
FADH2 = +2
+1
cycle?
ATP = +1
+2
• How many would
actually be produced
in this case?
6 CO2 gas!
• What
They power
Transport
Chain
arethe
theElectron
energy
carriers
that make a lot of ATP!
NADH and FADH2 for?
Inside the mitochondrion.
Many ATP molecules will
be produced in these
Folds of the inner membrane
Electron Transport Chains
known as cristae.
Where is the Electron Transport
Chain?
During this process, oxygen gas is used, LOTS
of ATP is made, and water is created.
ATP
NADH
ATP
ATP
6 O2
FADH2
FADH2
FADH2
ATP
ATP
NADH
NADH and
FADH2
Electron
Transport Chain
2 ATP
2 ATP
34 ATP
Cellular Respiration Equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
(Glucose)
Light Reactions
Photosynthesis and
Respiration
• With a neighbor,
fill in the steps in
this cycle of
Photosynthesis
and Respiration.
• We will check
your answers
when you are
done!
Fermentation:
Anaerobic
Respiration
1.
Occurs when there is not
enough oxygen to sustain an
activity, so ATP cannot be
made in the mitochondria.
2.
Two basic types:
a. Lactic Acid Fermentation (in
animals)
b. Alcohol Fermentation (in
micro-organisms such as
yeast)
3. Fermentation keeps glycolysis
going, so at least 2 ATPs can
still be made, until oxygen levels
are restored.
Glycolysis