Example of the Course Test 2 10th December, 8:00, registration from
... a) reaction: CH3-CO-COOH + NAD+ + HSCoA -> CO2 + NADH + H+ + CH3-CO~SCoA describes a decarboxylation of oxaloacetate b) glucose can be metabolised to lactate in erythrocytes c) insulin activates only anabolic pathways d) adenylate kinase catalyzes this reaction: ADP + ADP = AMP + ATP 2) Choose true ...
... a) reaction: CH3-CO-COOH + NAD+ + HSCoA -> CO2 + NADH + H+ + CH3-CO~SCoA describes a decarboxylation of oxaloacetate b) glucose can be metabolised to lactate in erythrocytes c) insulin activates only anabolic pathways d) adenylate kinase catalyzes this reaction: ADP + ADP = AMP + ATP 2) Choose true ...
Metabolism of Glucose C6H12O6+6O2 1 unit of Glucose 38 ATP
... In exercise, first you burn off muscle glycogen, then liver glycogen, then lipid. If you only exercise In Diabetes, the cells cannot use glucose for energy. Only lipids. It depends on lipids, but the the Fatty Acids produce much more acetyl-CoA that kreb cycle cannot handle. This results in an accu ...
... In exercise, first you burn off muscle glycogen, then liver glycogen, then lipid. If you only exercise In Diabetes, the cells cannot use glucose for energy. Only lipids. It depends on lipids, but the the Fatty Acids produce much more acetyl-CoA that kreb cycle cannot handle. This results in an accu ...
Mitochondria and Cellular Respiration
... 34 ATPs. Add to this the 4 ATPs that are generated by the 3 exceptions and one arrives at 38. But the energy stored in the proton gradient is also used for the active transport of several molecules and ions through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix. NADH is also used as reducing agent ...
... 34 ATPs. Add to this the 4 ATPs that are generated by the 3 exceptions and one arrives at 38. But the energy stored in the proton gradient is also used for the active transport of several molecules and ions through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix. NADH is also used as reducing agent ...
C6H12O6 + 6 O2* 6 CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP
... 2B. CITRIC ACID CYCLE 1 Glucose (2 pyruvates) goes through 2 Citric Acid Cycles ...
... 2B. CITRIC ACID CYCLE 1 Glucose (2 pyruvates) goes through 2 Citric Acid Cycles ...
2nd bio1 exam sample
... 6) Energy cannot be created or destroyed; this is part of the first law of thermodynamics. 7) There is no net change in free energy at chemical equilibrium. 8) The products have more free energy than the reactants in exergonic reactions. 9) Enzymes can not affect the change in free energy of reactio ...
... 6) Energy cannot be created or destroyed; this is part of the first law of thermodynamics. 7) There is no net change in free energy at chemical equilibrium. 8) The products have more free energy than the reactants in exergonic reactions. 9) Enzymes can not affect the change in free energy of reactio ...
Chapter 9 Study Guide
... d. water is produced e. ATP is synthesized. ______14. In the reaction C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO6 + 6 H2O a. oxygen becomes reduced. b. glucose becomes reduced c. oxygen becomes oxidized d. water is a reducing agent e. oxygen is a reducing agent. ______15. A substrate that is phosphorylated: a. has a sta ...
... d. water is produced e. ATP is synthesized. ______14. In the reaction C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO6 + 6 H2O a. oxygen becomes reduced. b. glucose becomes reduced c. oxygen becomes oxidized d. water is a reducing agent e. oxygen is a reducing agent. ______15. A substrate that is phosphorylated: a. has a sta ...
Cellular Respiration
... Glycolysis is the process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid, a three carbon compound. • Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell. • In the process of breaking glucose in half two molecules of ATP are needed but four molecules of ATP ...
... Glycolysis is the process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid, a three carbon compound. • Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell. • In the process of breaking glucose in half two molecules of ATP are needed but four molecules of ATP ...
Citric Acid Cycle
... final common pathway for oxidation of fuel molecules provides intermediates for biosynthesis ...
... final common pathway for oxidation of fuel molecules provides intermediates for biosynthesis ...
Lecture #4 Date
... • Krebs Cycle: location mitochondrial matrix • Electron Transport Chain location: inner membrane of ...
... • Krebs Cycle: location mitochondrial matrix • Electron Transport Chain location: inner membrane of ...
Cellular Respiration NOTES
... 1.5) Link Reaction – In matrix of mitochondria Link reaction occurs where pyruvic acid is converted into Acetyl Coenzyme-A. Acetyl Co-A will then enters the Kreb’s cycle. In the process of the link reaction, carbon dioxide is released and more NADH is made and will be used in stage 3. 2) Krebs Cycle ...
... 1.5) Link Reaction – In matrix of mitochondria Link reaction occurs where pyruvic acid is converted into Acetyl Coenzyme-A. Acetyl Co-A will then enters the Kreb’s cycle. In the process of the link reaction, carbon dioxide is released and more NADH is made and will be used in stage 3. 2) Krebs Cycle ...
Study Guide for Cellular Respiration Answers
... lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it. aerobic respiration is a cellular process in which oxygen is present. 11. oxaloacetic acid is a four carbon compound that is continually regenerated in cellular respiration. It is like RuBP in photosynthesis. It comes together with acetyl CoA to form citric ac ...
... lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it. aerobic respiration is a cellular process in which oxygen is present. 11. oxaloacetic acid is a four carbon compound that is continually regenerated in cellular respiration. It is like RuBP in photosynthesis. It comes together with acetyl CoA to form citric ac ...
Name__________________________________ Date Pd _____
... The Krebs cycle occurs in the ________________________ matrix and generates a pool of chemical energy (_____________, _______________, and _________________) from the oxidation of pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis. Answer the following questions by using the diagram below: ...
... The Krebs cycle occurs in the ________________________ matrix and generates a pool of chemical energy (_____________, _______________, and _________________) from the oxidation of pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis. Answer the following questions by using the diagram below: ...
File - Wk 1-2
... products of the cycle and the role of the cycle in providing reducing equivalents for the electron transport chain. The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) occurs in the mitacholdria of the cell and occurs in the presence of oxygen (aerobic pathway). Pyruvic acid from glycolysis first needs to be conver ...
... products of the cycle and the role of the cycle in providing reducing equivalents for the electron transport chain. The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) occurs in the mitacholdria of the cell and occurs in the presence of oxygen (aerobic pathway). Pyruvic acid from glycolysis first needs to be conver ...
College Prep Cellular Respiration Notes: H.B.3A.4 Harvesting
... • The food you eat cannot be used by cells directly. • Cells have only one usable energy form, ATP (adenosine triphosphate). • Cellular Respiration is the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. • Any food (organic) molecule, or nutrient, including carbohydrates, ...
... • The food you eat cannot be used by cells directly. • Cells have only one usable energy form, ATP (adenosine triphosphate). • Cellular Respiration is the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. • Any food (organic) molecule, or nutrient, including carbohydrates, ...
Chap21
... the first one – the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate – so the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthase is activated by the presence of N-acetylglutamate, which is produced when there is an excess of glutamate due to protein breakdown. ...
... the first one – the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate – so the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthase is activated by the presence of N-acetylglutamate, which is produced when there is an excess of glutamate due to protein breakdown. ...
Exam 4
... a. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is one of the enzymes of the pathway. b. It is an exothermic process. c. It results in net synthesis of ATP. d. It results in synthesis of NADH. e. all of the above. 25. During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction ...
... a. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is one of the enzymes of the pathway. b. It is an exothermic process. c. It results in net synthesis of ATP. d. It results in synthesis of NADH. e. all of the above. 25. During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction ...
CELL RESPIRATION
... STAGES of CELL RESPIRATION • Stage 3: The Krebs cycle (also called the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the TCA cycle, or the citric acid cycle) - an eight-step cyclical process occurring in the mitochondrial matrix. • Stage 4: Electron transport and chemiosmosis (oxidative phosphorylation) - a multistep ...
... STAGES of CELL RESPIRATION • Stage 3: The Krebs cycle (also called the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the TCA cycle, or the citric acid cycle) - an eight-step cyclical process occurring in the mitochondrial matrix. • Stage 4: Electron transport and chemiosmosis (oxidative phosphorylation) - a multistep ...
Electron transport chains
... • Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food • These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative ...
... • Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food • These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative ...
Chapter 17 - FIU Faculty Websites
... Pyruvate dehydrogenase control Enzyme E1 is a key site of regulation. A kinase associated with the complex phosphorylates and inactivates E1. A phosphatase, also associated with the complex, removes the phosphate and thereby activates the enzyme. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is also regulated ...
... Pyruvate dehydrogenase control Enzyme E1 is a key site of regulation. A kinase associated with the complex phosphorylates and inactivates E1. A phosphatase, also associated with the complex, removes the phosphate and thereby activates the enzyme. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is also regulated ...
Chapter 20 TCA Cycle Bridging Reaction: Pyruvate Ž Acetyl-CoA
... • Two cosubstrate coenzymes: • Coenzyme A and NAD+ ...
... • Two cosubstrate coenzymes: • Coenzyme A and NAD+ ...
Chapter 20 TCA Cycle Bridging Reaction: Pyruvate Ž Acetyl-CoA
... • Two cosubstrate coenzymes: • Coenzyme A and NAD+ ...
... • Two cosubstrate coenzymes: • Coenzyme A and NAD+ ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.