Whittier Union High School District
... Benedict’s solution tests for the presence of monosaccharides or simple sugars. In a positive test the liquid goes from a blue color to an orange/red after it is heated. 12. Define denature: It means that the shape of a protein has been permanently changed 13. Define catalyst: It speeds up a reactio ...
... Benedict’s solution tests for the presence of monosaccharides or simple sugars. In a positive test the liquid goes from a blue color to an orange/red after it is heated. 12. Define denature: It means that the shape of a protein has been permanently changed 13. Define catalyst: It speeds up a reactio ...
ATP - TeacherWeb
... energy are called heterotrophs. They consume glucose which is broken down in the cell and the mitochondria to create energy. Cellular respiration is the process that breaks down glucose to give off energy. ...
... energy are called heterotrophs. They consume glucose which is broken down in the cell and the mitochondria to create energy. Cellular respiration is the process that breaks down glucose to give off energy. ...
Nerve activates contraction
... synthesis via the proton gradient and ATP synthase. This occurs primarily in the presence of oxygen. Chemiosmosisthe phosphorylation of ADP to ATP occurring when protons that are following a concentration gradient contact ATP synthase. ...
... synthesis via the proton gradient and ATP synthase. This occurs primarily in the presence of oxygen. Chemiosmosisthe phosphorylation of ADP to ATP occurring when protons that are following a concentration gradient contact ATP synthase. ...
AP Biology
... b. The transition reaction: pyruvate is oxidized to an acetyl group and CO2 is removed. c. The Krebs cycle 1. This series of reactions gives off CO2 and produces ATP. 2. Produces two immediate ATP molecules per glucose molecule. d. The electron transport system 1. Series of carriers accepts electron ...
... b. The transition reaction: pyruvate is oxidized to an acetyl group and CO2 is removed. c. The Krebs cycle 1. This series of reactions gives off CO2 and produces ATP. 2. Produces two immediate ATP molecules per glucose molecule. d. The electron transport system 1. Series of carriers accepts electron ...
Compare and Contrast table for Photosynthesis and Cellular
... thylakoid, stroma, light dependent reaction, light independent reaction, stomata, mesophyll, photosystem I and photosystem II 2. Write the complete balanced photosynthesis equation. 3. Explain what happens in the light dependent reaction? Where is it located? What are the reactants and the products? ...
... thylakoid, stroma, light dependent reaction, light independent reaction, stomata, mesophyll, photosystem I and photosystem II 2. Write the complete balanced photosynthesis equation. 3. Explain what happens in the light dependent reaction? Where is it located? What are the reactants and the products? ...
Compare and Contrast table for Photosynthesis and Cellular
... thylakoid, stroma, light dependent reaction, light independent reaction, stomata, mesophyll, photosystem I and photosystem II 2. Write the complete balanced photosynthesis equation. 3. Explain what happens in the light dependent reaction? Where is it located? What are the reactants and the products? ...
... thylakoid, stroma, light dependent reaction, light independent reaction, stomata, mesophyll, photosystem I and photosystem II 2. Write the complete balanced photosynthesis equation. 3. Explain what happens in the light dependent reaction? Where is it located? What are the reactants and the products? ...
Cellular Respiration
... The carbon joins with oxygen and carbon dioxide is produced. NAD+ accepts the electrons from the broken bond and forms NADH. ADP picks up a phosphate and forms ATP. ...
... The carbon joins with oxygen and carbon dioxide is produced. NAD+ accepts the electrons from the broken bond and forms NADH. ADP picks up a phosphate and forms ATP. ...
ATP Synthesis
... the rolling of a stone down a hill (or the flow of electrons across an electrochemical cell—see §3.1) - The free energy resulting from the dissipation of such electron gradient is usurped to pump protons across the IMM—thereby setting up a proton gradient, which is ultimately harnessed to synthesize ...
... the rolling of a stone down a hill (or the flow of electrons across an electrochemical cell—see §3.1) - The free energy resulting from the dissipation of such electron gradient is usurped to pump protons across the IMM—thereby setting up a proton gradient, which is ultimately harnessed to synthesize ...
Energy and Life 8-1
... • Energy stored in ATP is released when ATP is converted into ADP and a phosphate group. • Because a cell can add and subtract a third phosphate group, it has a way of storing and releasing energy as needed. • The characteristic of ATP make it an exceptionally useful molecule that is used by ALL typ ...
... • Energy stored in ATP is released when ATP is converted into ADP and a phosphate group. • Because a cell can add and subtract a third phosphate group, it has a way of storing and releasing energy as needed. • The characteristic of ATP make it an exceptionally useful molecule that is used by ALL typ ...
Citric Acid Cycle Overview
... • Animals lack a glyoxylate pathway and cannot convert fats to carbohydrates. If an animal is fed a fatty acid with all its carbons replaced by C‐14, some of the labeled carbons later appear in glucose. How is this possible? ...
... • Animals lack a glyoxylate pathway and cannot convert fats to carbohydrates. If an animal is fed a fatty acid with all its carbons replaced by C‐14, some of the labeled carbons later appear in glucose. How is this possible? ...
Chapter 2APa Study Guide
... fibrous proteinsstrandlike & also called structural proteins bc they most often appear in body structures; stable globular proteinsfunctional proteins bc they are involved in all biological processes f(x) is determined by the presence of active sites on their surface that fit & interact w/other mo ...
... fibrous proteinsstrandlike & also called structural proteins bc they most often appear in body structures; stable globular proteinsfunctional proteins bc they are involved in all biological processes f(x) is determined by the presence of active sites on their surface that fit & interact w/other mo ...
P-glycoprotein Activation Monitored via ATP Hydrolysis and ATP
... We investigated the relationship between the rate of ATP hydrolysis and ATP synthesis upon P-glycoprotein activation for several structurally different drugs, including local anaesthetics, cyclic peptides, and cytotoxic drugs. ATP hydrolysis was assessed by spectroscopically monitoring the release o ...
... We investigated the relationship between the rate of ATP hydrolysis and ATP synthesis upon P-glycoprotein activation for several structurally different drugs, including local anaesthetics, cyclic peptides, and cytotoxic drugs. ATP hydrolysis was assessed by spectroscopically monitoring the release o ...
MCB207_2 - MB207Jan2010
... - based majority on carbon compounds, organized into macromolecules that are require for cells growth and function. - cells are 70% water (life depends almost exclusively on chemical reactions that take place in aqueous solution) - cell chemistry is enormously complex: even the simplest cell is vast ...
... - based majority on carbon compounds, organized into macromolecules that are require for cells growth and function. - cells are 70% water (life depends almost exclusively on chemical reactions that take place in aqueous solution) - cell chemistry is enormously complex: even the simplest cell is vast ...
Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
... ATP accounting so far… Glycolysis 2 ATP Kreb’s cycle 2 ATP Life takes a lot of energy to run, need to extract more energy than 4 ATP! There’s got to be a better way! I need a lot more ATP! ...
... ATP accounting so far… Glycolysis 2 ATP Kreb’s cycle 2 ATP Life takes a lot of energy to run, need to extract more energy than 4 ATP! There’s got to be a better way! I need a lot more ATP! ...
Photosynthesis Chloroplasts Light Reactions (photons → NADPH +
... plastoquinone/plastoquinol (Q/QH2) Intercomplex electron transfer between cyt b6f and PSI by plastocyanin (PC, a peripheral membrane Cu metalloprotein) Oxygen evolving complex (OEC) - protein complex with 4 Mn (III/IV)-O2- clusters, 2 or 3 Ca2+, and 4 or 5 Cl- ions Z - tyrosine radical-containing (m ...
... plastoquinone/plastoquinol (Q/QH2) Intercomplex electron transfer between cyt b6f and PSI by plastocyanin (PC, a peripheral membrane Cu metalloprotein) Oxygen evolving complex (OEC) - protein complex with 4 Mn (III/IV)-O2- clusters, 2 or 3 Ca2+, and 4 or 5 Cl- ions Z - tyrosine radical-containing (m ...
Photosynthesis
... Cells can still meet their energy needs when there is no oxygen through fermentation. Glycolysis requires NAD+ since no oxygen is available. The electrons from NADH are added to pyruvate to either produce alcohol (in plants and yeast) or lactate (in animals and bacteria). That produces NAD+ from whi ...
... Cells can still meet their energy needs when there is no oxygen through fermentation. Glycolysis requires NAD+ since no oxygen is available. The electrons from NADH are added to pyruvate to either produce alcohol (in plants and yeast) or lactate (in animals and bacteria). That produces NAD+ from whi ...
Atoms, Molecules, and Ions C Kapler ` , , I 27 O//#W SELF
... - If a new alkaline earth were created, its ato number would most probably be (9) . ...
... - If a new alkaline earth were created, its ato number would most probably be (9) . ...
Production of Energy - Appoquinimink High School
... What is the significance? It is universal with all living things Easily participates in many reactions Drives most biological processes One molecule can be synthesised and perform a large number of jobs • Only one system is used to deliver to many reactions ...
... What is the significance? It is universal with all living things Easily participates in many reactions Drives most biological processes One molecule can be synthesised and perform a large number of jobs • Only one system is used to deliver to many reactions ...
Photosynthesis- is the process that converts light energy into
... considered to be a more ancient biochemical pathway. It is found in most photosynthetic bacteria and all photosynthetic eukaryotes. It consists of one photosystem (PSI) and a simple electron transport chain. At the end of the electron transport chain, the electron is returned to PS I. That being the ...
... considered to be a more ancient biochemical pathway. It is found in most photosynthetic bacteria and all photosynthetic eukaryotes. It consists of one photosystem (PSI) and a simple electron transport chain. At the end of the electron transport chain, the electron is returned to PS I. That being the ...
PART 1: TRUE OR FALSE (1 point each)
... Pick up your number 2 pencil and your scantron sheet and get rolling! Put your NAME, SUID#, and TEST CODE NUMBER on both sides of the scantron immediately. Please bubble in 'A' if the statement is TRUE and 'B' if the statement is FALSE. Remember to be careful when bubbling in your answer. ERASE COMP ...
... Pick up your number 2 pencil and your scantron sheet and get rolling! Put your NAME, SUID#, and TEST CODE NUMBER on both sides of the scantron immediately. Please bubble in 'A' if the statement is TRUE and 'B' if the statement is FALSE. Remember to be careful when bubbling in your answer. ERASE COMP ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.