How does a cell Membrane serves as both “barrier” and “gate”
... requirement (ATP) (passive); or requires ATP and transport against he electrochemical gradient (active). For uncharged molecules just mean concentration gradient. ...
... requirement (ATP) (passive); or requires ATP and transport against he electrochemical gradient (active). For uncharged molecules just mean concentration gradient. ...
HOW CELLS HARVEST ENERGY
... Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria Uses energy in NADH and FADH2 to make 32 ATP NADH and FADH2 donate e- to ETC As e- is moved thru ETC, the energy in e- is used to actively pump protons across the inner membrane NRG from the e- is now stored in the proton gradient As the protons diff ...
... Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria Uses energy in NADH and FADH2 to make 32 ATP NADH and FADH2 donate e- to ETC As e- is moved thru ETC, the energy in e- is used to actively pump protons across the inner membrane NRG from the e- is now stored in the proton gradient As the protons diff ...
U4L21 fuel oxidation - The University of Sydney
... • There are specific transporters for FA – CD36 moves to the cell surface whenever there is a need to take up FA at a rapid rate • FA is carried on FABP (fatty acid binding protein) in cytoplasm ...
... • There are specific transporters for FA – CD36 moves to the cell surface whenever there is a need to take up FA at a rapid rate • FA is carried on FABP (fatty acid binding protein) in cytoplasm ...
chapter 11 - rci.rutgers.edu
... Homework 1, 5-7, 9, 11-12. The Citric Acid Cycle (CAC) is strongly oxidative, in contrast to glycolysis which is anaerobic. The CAC takes place in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells – whereas glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. The immediate products of the CAC are reduced cofactors (NADH ...
... Homework 1, 5-7, 9, 11-12. The Citric Acid Cycle (CAC) is strongly oxidative, in contrast to glycolysis which is anaerobic. The CAC takes place in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells – whereas glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. The immediate products of the CAC are reduced cofactors (NADH ...
Respiration
... krebs cycle) are stored in the matrix 1. NADH releases protons and electrons on the matrix side A. Protons are pumped into the intermembrance space B. Electrons are transported across the membrane using ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) and cytochrome C ...
... krebs cycle) are stored in the matrix 1. NADH releases protons and electrons on the matrix side A. Protons are pumped into the intermembrance space B. Electrons are transported across the membrane using ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) and cytochrome C ...
Chapter 5b Cell Respiration
... 19. Two electron carriers NADH and FADH 2 are made in the Krebs cycle. These electron carriers store as much energy as glucose and Pyruvate. 20. The electron carriers, NADH and FADH 2, move from the Krebs cycle to the Electron Transport Chain, the third step of aerobic respiration. 21. Where does th ...
... 19. Two electron carriers NADH and FADH 2 are made in the Krebs cycle. These electron carriers store as much energy as glucose and Pyruvate. 20. The electron carriers, NADH and FADH 2, move from the Krebs cycle to the Electron Transport Chain, the third step of aerobic respiration. 21. Where does th ...
Answers - Shelton State
... carries oxygen. 10. Which of the following are macromolecules? proteins and carbohydrates but not lipids 11. What is the net charge on cysteine, pI=5.1, when the pH=6.3? negative Which way will it move during electrophoresis? Toward the positive electrode. 12. The names of enzymes often identify the ...
... carries oxygen. 10. Which of the following are macromolecules? proteins and carbohydrates but not lipids 11. What is the net charge on cysteine, pI=5.1, when the pH=6.3? negative Which way will it move during electrophoresis? Toward the positive electrode. 12. The names of enzymes often identify the ...
Addition of the following reactions responsible for the synthesis of
... a. phosphatidate, old: C1836H3398O400P50, new: C1682H3116O413P50 b. phosphatidylglycerol, old: C1986H3748O500P50, new: C1832H3466O513P50 c. phosphatidylserine, old: C1986H3698N50O500P50, new: C1832H3416N50O513P50 d. CDP-diacylglycerol, old: C2286H3998N150O750P100, new: C2132H3716N150O763P100 e. card ...
... a. phosphatidate, old: C1836H3398O400P50, new: C1682H3116O413P50 b. phosphatidylglycerol, old: C1986H3748O500P50, new: C1832H3466O513P50 c. phosphatidylserine, old: C1986H3698N50O500P50, new: C1832H3416N50O513P50 d. CDP-diacylglycerol, old: C2286H3998N150O750P100, new: C2132H3716N150O763P100 e. card ...
NATURE`S BIOLOGICAL BUILDING BLOCKS
... Composition: mostly carbon and hydrogen with some oxygen Includes fatty, greasy and waxy compounds relatively insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as ether and benzene. Neutral Fats - high energy molecules consisting of glycerol and fatty acids. Phospholipids - neutral fat with o ...
... Composition: mostly carbon and hydrogen with some oxygen Includes fatty, greasy and waxy compounds relatively insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as ether and benzene. Neutral Fats - high energy molecules consisting of glycerol and fatty acids. Phospholipids - neutral fat with o ...
A and P Practice Exam 03 (pdf 297.25kb)
... 44. During ______, sisters chromatids of each chromosome are separated from each other, and those former partners, now chromosomes move to opposite poles. a. prophase b. metaphase c. anaphase d. telophase 45. Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating ________. a. purines and pyrimi ...
... 44. During ______, sisters chromatids of each chromosome are separated from each other, and those former partners, now chromosomes move to opposite poles. a. prophase b. metaphase c. anaphase d. telophase 45. Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating ________. a. purines and pyrimi ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... 31. At this point, you should be able to account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule. To accomplish this, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to the ATPs formed by chemiosmosis. Each NADH can form a maximum of ______ ...
... 31. At this point, you should be able to account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule. To accomplish this, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to the ATPs formed by chemiosmosis. Each NADH can form a maximum of ______ ...
CH 9 CQ
... fermentation instead of lactic acid fermentation, which of the following might occur? a) Your cells would make more ATP in anaerobic conditions. b) Your cells would not be able to produce ATP in anaerobic conditions. c) You might become drunk when sprinting to catch a bus. d) Your cells would recycl ...
... fermentation instead of lactic acid fermentation, which of the following might occur? a) Your cells would make more ATP in anaerobic conditions. b) Your cells would not be able to produce ATP in anaerobic conditions. c) You might become drunk when sprinting to catch a bus. d) Your cells would recycl ...
Cellular Structure and Function Handout
... A & P – Chapter 3 – Cellular Structure and Function Select the answer that best completes each of the following statements. Write the letter in the space provided at the right: ______1. A metabolically active cell is likely to have many a. mitochondria b. vacuoles c. ribosomes d. chromosomes ______2 ...
... A & P – Chapter 3 – Cellular Structure and Function Select the answer that best completes each of the following statements. Write the letter in the space provided at the right: ______1. A metabolically active cell is likely to have many a. mitochondria b. vacuoles c. ribosomes d. chromosomes ______2 ...
Review for Unit 3 Exam
... glycolysis can occur without the action of enzymes. glycolysis produces so little ATP that the drug will have little effect. bacteria are prokaryotes; they usually don't need to perform glycolysis. human cells must also perform glycolysis; the drug might also kill humans. this step in the pathway of ...
... glycolysis can occur without the action of enzymes. glycolysis produces so little ATP that the drug will have little effect. bacteria are prokaryotes; they usually don't need to perform glycolysis. human cells must also perform glycolysis; the drug might also kill humans. this step in the pathway of ...
Transport Across Membranes
... Hypotonic: a solution that has a lower solute concentration than another (water moves into the cell) Isotonic: a solution that has the same solute concentration than another (the cell remains unchanged) Hypertonic: a solution that has a higher solute concentration than another (water moves out of th ...
... Hypotonic: a solution that has a lower solute concentration than another (water moves into the cell) Isotonic: a solution that has the same solute concentration than another (the cell remains unchanged) Hypertonic: a solution that has a higher solute concentration than another (water moves out of th ...
Final Exam Review!! - Iowa State University
... 2. What type of bond exists between sodium and chlorine in the salt NaCl? a. Nonpolar covalent b. Polar covalent c. Ionic d. Hydrogen 3. In order to convert a polymeric carbohydrate into its smaller monomers, you must break a. Hydrogen bonds b. Peptide bonds c. Phosphodiester bonds d. Glycosidic bon ...
... 2. What type of bond exists between sodium and chlorine in the salt NaCl? a. Nonpolar covalent b. Polar covalent c. Ionic d. Hydrogen 3. In order to convert a polymeric carbohydrate into its smaller monomers, you must break a. Hydrogen bonds b. Peptide bonds c. Phosphodiester bonds d. Glycosidic bon ...
Overview of Metaboli.. - Frozen Crocus Productions
... (electrons) for ETC in mitochondria, anaerobic production of ATP MK & CPK: anaerobic production of ATP TCA: accepts acetyl-CoA for citrate synthesis, production of NADH (electrons) & TCAintermediates can be used for synthesis of lipids, DNA, RNA, many amino acids, etc. β-oxidation: produces acetyl C ...
... (electrons) for ETC in mitochondria, anaerobic production of ATP MK & CPK: anaerobic production of ATP TCA: accepts acetyl-CoA for citrate synthesis, production of NADH (electrons) & TCAintermediates can be used for synthesis of lipids, DNA, RNA, many amino acids, etc. β-oxidation: produces acetyl C ...
Where is energy stored in biomolecules like sugars, carbs, lipids, etc.
... How do H+ ions diffuse out of the thylakoid space into the stroma? Through a transport protein called… ...
... How do H+ ions diffuse out of the thylakoid space into the stroma? Through a transport protein called… ...
Cell Respiration Power Point
... The Purpose of Cellular Respiration It is to make and break bonds to generate ATP and electrons. You end up with ATP, H ions and electrons. The electrons are sent to the Electron Transport Chain where they help to make ATP through ATP synthase. ****Hydrogen ions are bonded with oxygen to make water ...
... The Purpose of Cellular Respiration It is to make and break bonds to generate ATP and electrons. You end up with ATP, H ions and electrons. The electrons are sent to the Electron Transport Chain where they help to make ATP through ATP synthase. ****Hydrogen ions are bonded with oxygen to make water ...
Organic compounds
... Used by cells to store and release energy Carbohydrates: example glucose ...
... Used by cells to store and release energy Carbohydrates: example glucose ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... 5. At what point does O2 enter the energy pathways of aerobic respiration? What is the role of O2? Why does respiration stop if a person cannot breathe? Why would a cell die if it could not make ATP? O2 enters the energy pathways at the electron transport chain; it is the final electron acceptor. C ...
... 5. At what point does O2 enter the energy pathways of aerobic respiration? What is the role of O2? Why does respiration stop if a person cannot breathe? Why would a cell die if it could not make ATP? O2 enters the energy pathways at the electron transport chain; it is the final electron acceptor. C ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.