Biology 20
... 10. The cells of an ant and an elephant are, on average, the same small size; an elephant just has more of them. What is the advantage of small cell size? a) small cells are less likely to burst than large cell; b) small cells are less likely to be infected by bacteria; c) small cells can better tak ...
... 10. The cells of an ant and an elephant are, on average, the same small size; an elephant just has more of them. What is the advantage of small cell size? a) small cells are less likely to burst than large cell; b) small cells are less likely to be infected by bacteria; c) small cells can better tak ...
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... form water, the final end-product of respiration. The oxygen diffused in from the tissue fluid, crossing the cell and mitochondrial membranes by lipid diffusion. Oxygen is only involved at the very last stage of respiration as the final electron acceptor, but without it the whole respiratory chain s ...
... form water, the final end-product of respiration. The oxygen diffused in from the tissue fluid, crossing the cell and mitochondrial membranes by lipid diffusion. Oxygen is only involved at the very last stage of respiration as the final electron acceptor, but without it the whole respiratory chain s ...
chapter 7 quiz
... 10._T__The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus L) cathode of an atom. M) electron cloud 11._Y__Discovered radioactivity. N) Darth Vader 12._C__Discovered three types of radiation. O) chemical symbol 13._J__The charge on an “beta” particle. P) 0 14._A__The charge on an “alpha” particle. Q) ...
... 10._T__The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus L) cathode of an atom. M) electron cloud 11._Y__Discovered radioactivity. N) Darth Vader 12._C__Discovered three types of radiation. O) chemical symbol 13._J__The charge on an “beta” particle. P) 0 14._A__The charge on an “alpha” particle. Q) ...
Biochemistry Review Sheet Chemical Reactions and Properties of
... Any word that ends in “ase” is considered to be a what? Most cellular activities are regulated by the action of what? What makes enzymes? Define a catalyst. Define a substrate. Describe how enzymes function in the body. Explain the lock and key model of an enzyme. Be specific in its function. What i ...
... Any word that ends in “ase” is considered to be a what? Most cellular activities are regulated by the action of what? What makes enzymes? Define a catalyst. Define a substrate. Describe how enzymes function in the body. Explain the lock and key model of an enzyme. Be specific in its function. What i ...
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... a) an element which has 5 electrons in each atom b) an element which has 5 electrons in its outer energy level c) an element for which the second energy level is completely filled d) an element which forms ions by gaining only one electron e) how many elements are there in the sixth period? f) the e ...
... a) an element which has 5 electrons in each atom b) an element which has 5 electrons in its outer energy level c) an element for which the second energy level is completely filled d) an element which forms ions by gaining only one electron e) how many elements are there in the sixth period? f) the e ...
6. In both photosynthesis and respiration, a electrochemical proton
... the electron transport chain. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. Evidence of student learning is a demonstrated understanding of each of the following: 1. Electron transport ...
... the electron transport chain. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. Evidence of student learning is a demonstrated understanding of each of the following: 1. Electron transport ...
ADP, ATP and Cellular Respiration Powerpoint
... respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into (ATP), ...
... respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into (ATP), ...
Mitochondrium
... Mch. Respiratory chain – moves electrons - pumps H+ into intermembrane space Mch. ATP synthase works also as a H+ pump. ...
... Mch. Respiratory chain – moves electrons - pumps H+ into intermembrane space Mch. ATP synthase works also as a H+ pump. ...
lecture CH23 chem131pikul
... •The electron transport chain provides the energy to pump H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. •The concentration of H+ ions in the inter membrane space becomes higher than that inside the matrix creating a potential energy gradient. •To return to the matrix, H+ ions travel through ...
... •The electron transport chain provides the energy to pump H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. •The concentration of H+ ions in the inter membrane space becomes higher than that inside the matrix creating a potential energy gradient. •To return to the matrix, H+ ions travel through ...
Cell Energy
... • ATP has energy stored between its three negatively charged phosphates because like charges repel each other • Most energy is stored between 2nd and 3rd phosphate • 3 different forms of energy levels: – AMP: monophosphate – ADP: diphosphate – ATP: triphosphate ...
... • ATP has energy stored between its three negatively charged phosphates because like charges repel each other • Most energy is stored between 2nd and 3rd phosphate • 3 different forms of energy levels: – AMP: monophosphate – ADP: diphosphate – ATP: triphosphate ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis
... 2. Some organisms that are exposed to oxygen, but switch to fermentation when oxygen is scarce. AP Biology ...
... 2. Some organisms that are exposed to oxygen, but switch to fermentation when oxygen is scarce. AP Biology ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... 9. What is the function of the allosteric site in an enzyme? a) it is the place where the substrate fits into the enzyme b) it is the place where the enzyme fits into the substrate c) it is the place where the activator fits into the enzyme d) it is the place where the inhibitor fits into the enzyme ...
... 9. What is the function of the allosteric site in an enzyme? a) it is the place where the substrate fits into the enzyme b) it is the place where the enzyme fits into the substrate c) it is the place where the activator fits into the enzyme d) it is the place where the inhibitor fits into the enzyme ...
32. It is most reasonable to hypothesize that, in the
... the electron transport chain. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. Evidence of student learning is a demonstrated understanding of each of the following: 1. Electron transport ...
... the electron transport chain. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. Evidence of student learning is a demonstrated understanding of each of the following: 1. Electron transport ...
Cellular Respiration
... in the lungs there are millions of little air sacs called alveoli that are surrounded by capillaries here the blood drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen this oxygen will be taken directly to the cells when the oxygen gets to the cell, the mitochondria takes it and begins the process of cellu ...
... in the lungs there are millions of little air sacs called alveoli that are surrounded by capillaries here the blood drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen this oxygen will be taken directly to the cells when the oxygen gets to the cell, the mitochondria takes it and begins the process of cellu ...
Communication
... oxygen is no longer the final hydrogen acceptor Reduced NAD cannot be recycled to NAD The stages of respiration inside the mitochondrion can not take place ...
... oxygen is no longer the final hydrogen acceptor Reduced NAD cannot be recycled to NAD The stages of respiration inside the mitochondrion can not take place ...
ADP, ATP and Cellular Respiration Powerpoint
... generating two net molecules of ATP. Four molecules of ATP per glucose are actually produced, however, two are consumed as part of the preparatory phase. The overall reaction can be expressed ...
... generating two net molecules of ATP. Four molecules of ATP per glucose are actually produced, however, two are consumed as part of the preparatory phase. The overall reaction can be expressed ...
Science 101 Pop Quiz - Dutchess Community College
... 6. Cellular respiration is a chemical process also known as the a) Catabolism of DNA d) Oxidation of ATP b) Anabolism of starch e) Oxidation of glucose c) Oxidation of DNA ...
... 6. Cellular respiration is a chemical process also known as the a) Catabolism of DNA d) Oxidation of ATP b) Anabolism of starch e) Oxidation of glucose c) Oxidation of DNA ...
3. Related Pathways
... Once broken down, these monomers are able to feed into various parts of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle (Fig.1, p.117) ...
... Once broken down, these monomers are able to feed into various parts of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle (Fig.1, p.117) ...
METABOLIC PATHWAYS & ENZYMES
... molecules during oxidation-reduction process • Both processes all take place at the same time • Take place during photosynthesis and cellular respiration ...
... molecules during oxidation-reduction process • Both processes all take place at the same time • Take place during photosynthesis and cellular respiration ...
Anaerobic Pathways Glycolysis Alternate Endpoints
... combines with protons (metabolic water) • Protons pumped out of mitochondrial matrix, setting up a gradient • ATP synthase converts ADP → ATP as protons flow back into matrix ...
... combines with protons (metabolic water) • Protons pumped out of mitochondrial matrix, setting up a gradient • ATP synthase converts ADP → ATP as protons flow back into matrix ...
Respiration 2 PPT
... multiprotein complex II. Electrons are passed to more electron acceptors in the remaining multiprotein complexes. Finally they are passed to oxygen, the most electronegative ...
... multiprotein complex II. Electrons are passed to more electron acceptors in the remaining multiprotein complexes. Finally they are passed to oxygen, the most electronegative ...
BSC 2010 - Exam I Lectures and Text Pages Citric Acid Cycle • Citric
... NADH passes electrons to multiprotein complex I. They are then passed to Ubiquinone which transfers them to multiprotein complex II. FADH2 passes electrons directly to multiprotein complex II. Electrons are passed to more electron acceptors in the remaining multiprotein complexes. Finally they are p ...
... NADH passes electrons to multiprotein complex I. They are then passed to Ubiquinone which transfers them to multiprotein complex II. FADH2 passes electrons directly to multiprotein complex II. Electrons are passed to more electron acceptors in the remaining multiprotein complexes. Finally they are p ...
Section 9.2 Summary – pages 225-230
... • This “_________” energy can be used to form ATP from ADP, or to pump hydrogen ions into the center of the thylakoid disc. • Electrons are re-energized in a second photosystem and passed down a second electron transport __________. ...
... • This “_________” energy can be used to form ATP from ADP, or to pump hydrogen ions into the center of the thylakoid disc. • Electrons are re-energized in a second photosystem and passed down a second electron transport __________. ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.