Download Review for Unit 3 Exam

Unit 3 Review Game
1
What best characterizes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?
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B
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D
E
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In general, the hydrolysis of ATP drives cellular work by
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B
C
D
E
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mechanical work, such as the beating of cilia
chemical work, such as the synthesis of new protein
the production of heat, which raises the temperature of the cell
transport work, such as the active transport of an ion into a cell
all of the above
Which compound could be most easily modified to form ATP?
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B
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D
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releasing heat.
acting as a catalyst.
changing to ADP and phosphate.
lowering the free energy of the reaction.
releasing free energy that can be coupled to other reactions.
Which of the following is NOT an example of the cellular work accomplished with the free
energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP?
A
B
C
D
E
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It is catabolized to carbon dioxide and water.
The G associated with its hydrolysis is positive.
The charge on the phosphate group of ATP tends to make the molecule very
water-soluble.
The release of free energy during the hydrolysis of ATP heats the
surrounding environment.
The free energy released by ATP hydrolysis may be coupled to an
endergonic process via the formation of a phosphorylated intermediate.
the amino acid tryptophan
the monosaccharide ribose
the nitrogenous base adenine
the RNA nucleotide adenosine
the DNA nucleotide adenosine
Under most conditions, the supply of energy by catabolic pathways is regulated by the
demand for energy by anabolic pathways. Considering the role of ATP formation and
hydrolysis in energy coupling of anabolic and catabolic pathways, which of the following
statements is most likely to be true?
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B
C
D
E
High levels of ADP act as an allosteric inhibitor of anabolic pathways.
High levels of ATP act as an allosteric activator of anabolic pathways.
High levels of ADP act as an allosteric inhibitor of catabolic pathways.
High levels of ADP act as an allosteric activator of catabolic pathways.
High levels of ATP act as an allosteric activator of catabolic pathways.
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Unit 3 Review Game
6
An exergonic (spontaneous) reaction is a chemical reaction that
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B
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D
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Which of the following correctly states the relationship between anabolic (typically
endergonic) and catabolic (typically exergonic) pathways?
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B
C
D
E
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E
Organisms acquire energy from their surroundings.
Cells cannot exchange materials with their environment.
The metabolism of an organism is isolated from its surroundings.
Heat produced by the organism is conserved in the organism and not lost to
the environment.
Because energy must be conserved, organisms constantly recycle energy
and thus need no input of energy.
A chemical reaction is designated as exergonic rather than endergonic when
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B
C
D
E
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The flow of energy between catabolic and anabolic pathways is reversible.
Catabolic pathways produce usable cellular energy by synthesizing more
complex organic molecules.
Degradation of organic molecules by anabolic pathways provides the energy
to drive catabolic pathways.
Anabolic pathways synthesize more complex organic molecules using the
energy derived from catabolic pathways.
Energy derived from catabolic pathways is used to drive the breakdown of
organic molecules in anabolic pathways.
Organisms are described as thermodynamically open systems. Which of the following
statements is consistent with this description?
A
B
C
D
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is common in anabolic pathways.
cannot occur outside of a living cell.
leads to a decrease in the entropy of the universe.
occurs only when an enzyme or other catalyst is present.
releases energy when proceeding in the forward direction.
it absorbs more energy.
activation energy is required.
activation energy exceeds net energy release.
the products are less complex than the reactants.
the potential energy of the products is less than the potential energy of the
reactants.
What must be true if the reaction AB + CD AC + BD occurs spontaneously?
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B
C
D
E
The reaction must be endergonic.
The H of the reaction must be positive.
The G of the reaction must be negative.
The difference between H and T S must be positive.
All of the above are true.
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Unit 3 Review Game
11
The function of cellular respiration is to
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B
C
D
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Most of the electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) that deliver electrons to the electron
transport chain come from which of the following?
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B
C
D
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ATP ... oxygen
oxygen ... ATP
glucose ... ATP
glucose ... oxygen
carbon dioxide ... water
In an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of
radioactive carbon (carbon-14). The mice were closely monitored, and in a few minutes
radioactive carbon atoms showed up in which compound?
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B
C
D
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glycolysis
anabolic pathways
the citric acid cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
substrate-level phosphorylation
In the overall process of glycolysis and cellular respiration, _____ is oxidized and _____ is
reduced.
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B
C
D
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reduce CO2.
produce carbohydrates.
extract CO2 from the atmosphere.
extract usable energy from glucose.
synthesize macromolecules from monomers.
ATP
NADH
water
oxygen gas
carbon dioxide
A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks phosphoglucoisomerase, an enzyme that
catalyzes the second reaction in glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to kill bacteria in
people with infections. This is a bad idea because
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B
C
D
E
glycolysis can occur without the action of enzymes.
glycolysis produces so little ATP that the drug will have little effect.
bacteria are prokaryotes; they usually don't need to perform glycolysis.
human cells must also perform glycolysis; the drug might also kill humans.
this step in the pathway of glycolysis can be skipped in bacteria, but not in
humans.
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Unit 3 Review Game
16
During aerobic respiration, molecular oxygen (O2) is used for which of the following
purposes?
A
B
C
D
E
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How many molecules of ATP are gained by substrate-level phosphorylation from the
complete breakdown of a single molecule of glucose in the presence of oxygen?
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B
C
D
E
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enables the cell to recycle NAD+.
prevents pyruvate from accumulating.
extracts a bit more energy from glucose.
removes poisonous oxygen from the environment.
enables the cell to make pyruvate into substances it can use.
Which part of the cellular catabolism of glucose both requires molecular oxygen (O2) and
produces CO2?
A
B
C
D
E
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2
4
3
about 38
none of the above
Fermentation is essentially glycolysis plus an extra step in which pyruvate is reduced to
form lactate or alcohol and carbon dioxide. This last step
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B
C
D
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at the end of glycolysis to oxidize pyruvate
as a source of O2 in every reaction that produces CO2
at the end of the citric acid cycle to regenerate citric acid
at the end of the electron transport chain to accept electrons and form H2O
between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to split a carbon from pyruvate,
producing CO2
glycolysis
the citric acid cycle
the electron transport chain
the combination of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
the combination of the citric acid cycle and electron transport
If muscle cells in the human body consume O2 faster than it can be supplied, which of the
following is likely to result?
A
B
C
D
E
The cells will consume glucose at an increased rate.
The cells will not be able to carry out oxidative phosphorylation.
The muscle cells will have more trouble making enough ATP to meet their
energy requirements.
A and B are correct
A, B, and C are correct
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Unit 3 Review Game
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Answer Key : Unit 3 Review Game
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Answer
E
E
C
D
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D
A
E
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E