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Honors Biology Unit 11 Name: _________________________ HW2: Homologous Pairs of Chromosomes The following drawing is a homologous pair of chromosomes. Use the letters above each chromatid to answer the following questions. A B C D ______ 1) If the first homolog (A & B) is maternal, what is the second homolog? a) maternal also c) paternal, it comes from the father b) paternal, it comes from the mother d) a sister chromatid ______ 2) Which of the above chromatids are most likely genetically identical to each other? a. A and B b. B and C c. B and D d. A and D ______ 3) Which of the following is a similarity between the two homologs above? (fill in all that apply) a. They both have the same centromere position b. They both have the same nucleotide sequences c. They both have genes that code for the same traits (ex. whether you have freckles or not) d. They both are the same size ______ 4) What is the relationship between B and C above? a. they are sister chromatids c. they are homologous to each other b. they are centromeres d. they are genetically identical ______ 5) The chromatid labeled C has a gene that carries the gene for abnormal hemoglobin, the disease sickle cell anemia. Which of the other chromatids will also have the gene that codes for hemoglobin? a. A b. B c. D d. all of these ______ 6) If the chromatid labeled C has a gene sequence that codes for normal hemoglobin, which of the following chromatids will USUALLY have the exact same gene sequence? a. A b. B c. D d. all of these 7. Is the homologous pair of chromosomes above in a dividing or non-dividing cell? Explain _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 8. What process would a cell undergo if it needed to make a new cell with identical genetic material? __________________________________________ 9. In the picture above, you are looking at double armed, or duplicated chromosomes (DAC). What process do you know has occurred in order to form DAC? ____________________________ Use the diagram to the right to answer the following questions. 10. What is a pointing to? ____________________________________ 11. What are the ends of this structure called? __________________________ 12. Is this diagram a DAC or a SAC? ___________ 13. This structure shown here is made of two separate yet equal pieces, b is pointing to each of them – what are they called? ______________________________ 14. Diploid refers to a cell with two complete sets of chromosomes in each cell. What does haploid refer to? ________________________________________________________________________ 15. What kind of cells in a human body would be diploid? Give TWO examples. ________________________________________________________________ 16. What kind of cells in a human body would be haploid? _______________________ 17. Why is it ESSENTIAL that the cells mentioned in #16 are haploid? Explain. _______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________