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Mendelian Genetics Objectives (Chapter 14) After reading to: this chapter and attending class (and actively participating), you should be able 1. Explain Mendel's theory of inheritance 2. State and explain the Law of Segregation 3. Distinguish between: genotype and phenotype, heterozygous and homozygous; and dominant and recessive 4. Use a Punnett Square to predict the results of a monohybrid cross and state the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation 5. Explain how a testcross can be used to test whether a dominant phenotype is 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. homozygous or heterozygous Define the concept "random event" and explain why it is significant that allele segregation during meiosis and fusion of gametes at fertilization are random events Apply the "multiplication" rule to predicting probabilities of specific outcomes from genetic crosses Apply the "addition" rule to predicting probabilities of specific outcomes from genetic crosses Use a Punnett Square to predict the results of a dihybrid cross and state the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation Predict the results of genetic crosses involving three or more unlinked genes Give an example of incomplete dominance and explain how it differs from "blending inheritance" Describe inheritance within the ABO blood group system Define and give an example of pleiotropy Explain what is meant by the phenomenon of epistasis Describe how environmental factors can influence the phenotypic expression of a character Deduce the genotypes for family members when presented with a simple pedigree Explain how a lethal recessive gene can be maintained within a population Explain why lethal dominant genes are more rare than lethal recessive genes Give and example of a late-acting lethal dominant in humans and explain how it can escape elimination Explain why consanguinity increases the probability of homozygosity in offspring