Download Mendelian Genetics

Biology
Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics (chapter 11)
Key words
Gene
Chromosome
Alleles
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Genotype
Phenotype
incomplete dominance
codominance
sex-linked inheritance
polygenic inheritance
independent assortment
zygote
meiosis
diploid
haploid
homologous chromosomes
gametes
monohybrid cross
crossing-over
Objectives
1) Explain the purpose of meiosis and also explain what happens to the chromosome number in the gametes
of an organism after meiosis. Use the words HAPLOID and DIPLOID in your answer.
2) Explain how independent assortment and genetic recombination (a.k.a.crossing over) (which both occur
during meiosis) contribute to the differences between brothers and sisters even though they come from the
same parents
3) Describe what homologous chromosomes are (be sure to explain where they come from and how they
are similar). Also explain why the X and Y chromosomes are not homologous.
4) Describe the relationship between genes, chromosomes, and DNA. Describe what a trait is and what the
relationship is between traits and genes
5) Describe what an allele is. Also explain what is meant by the terms dominant and recessive alleles.
6) Explain and use examples to show the differences between genotype and phenotype AND between
homozygous and heterozygous
7) Explain the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance.
8) What is the pattern of inheritance for human blood type? List the genotypes for the 4 different blood
types.
9) Describe what is meant by polygenic inheritance. List some traits that are polygenic.
10) ***Be able to do monohybrid crosses dealing with simple dominance, incomplete dominance, and
codominance (including blood type)*** Study your example problems from class.