Download Evolution Mini Test Study Guide

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Evolution Mini Test Study Guide
Chapters 15-18
You should know the terms below:
(a) Evolution
(b) Theory
(c) Charles Darwin
(d) Natural selection
(e) Adaptation
(f) Fitness
(g) Common Ancestor
(h) Homologous structures
(i) Analogous structures
(j) Vestigial structures
(k) Gene pool
(l) Relative frequency
(m) Mutations
(n) Sexual reproduction
(o) Single-gene trait
(p) Polygenic trait
(q) Directional selection curve
(r) Stabilizing selection curve
(s) Disruptive selection curve
(t) Genetic drift
(u) Hardy-Weinberg Principle
(v) Reproductive isolation
(w) Speciation
(x) Relative dating
(y) Radioactive dating
(z) Geologic Time Scale
(aa) Era
(bb) Period
(cc) Endosymbiotic theory
(dd) Extinction / mass extinction
(ee) Adaptive radiation
(ff) Convergent evolution
(gg) Co-evolution
(hh) Gradulaism
(ii) Punctuated equilibrium
(jj) Taxonomy
(kk) Phylogeny
(ll) Carolus Linnaeus
(mm) Domain
You should be able to do the following:
(a) SHORT ESSAY QUESTION: Describe Darwin’s theory of evolution using the following terms: natural
selection, evolution, fitness, and adaptation.
(b) Describe evidence of evolution such as the fossil record, geographic distribution, anatomical structures,
embryology, genetic similarities, etc.
(c) Explain what evolution is at the genetic level.
(d) Identify and describe the two causes of genetic variation.
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(e) Explain how single-gene traits and polygenic traits have a different range of phenotypes.
(f) Explain how natural selection affects single-gene traits differently than polygenic traits. HINT: Also
know the three selection curves for polygenic traits.
(g) Contrast genetic equilibrium with genetic evolution
(h) Identify the mechanisms that cause reproductive isolation (e.g. behavioral, geographic, and temporal).
(i) Understand how fossils form.
(j) Describe the difference between relative dating and radioactive dating.
(k) Be able to read the Geologic Time Scale.
(l) Briefly explain how and when Earth was formed.
(m) Describe how the earliest cells formed on Earth.
(n) Identify the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
(o) Explain how living things are named in binomial nomenclature.
(p) Identify the taxons in Carolus Linnaeus’s classification system from largest to smallest. HINT:
Remember either Kings play cards on fat green stools OR King Phillips came over from great Spain.
(q) Explain how phylogeny is used in classification.
(r) Be able to read a cladogram.
(s) Contrast the three domains: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya.
(t) Describe the general traits for the four kingdoms within eukarya: plantae, animalia, protista, and fungi.
(u) Use a dichotomous key to identify organisms.