Download Ch 17 RNO

Biology Reading Notes Outline
Chapter 17: Evolution of Populations
Name:________________________________________
Period: _________
Date: ____________
Read Chapter 17. As you do so, take notes on the following topics on a separate piece of notebook paper. You
will have to study these for tests, so do not just “answer” the topic questions below- write out the info in an
outline format that contains the detail needed to understand what the topic is and what it means. Leave
space between each topic so you can add to the notes during in-class lectures. USE COMPLETE SENTENCES
>>>STUDY ALL OF THE PICTURES IN THIS CHAPTER<<<
Ch. 17.1- Genes and Variation
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Describe the relationship between genotype and phenotype.
What is the relationship between phenotype and natural selection? Be detailed in your explanation.
What is a gene pool and how are they studied?
a. What is allele frequency?
How are evolution and allele frequency connected?
What are the sources of genetic variation?
Describe how mutations create variation and when they can impact evolution.
Explain lateral gene transfer.
Differentiate between single-gene and polygenic traits. Provide examples in your comparison.
Ch. 17.2-Evolution as Genetic Change in Populations
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Discuss how natural selection affects single gene traits.
Describe, in detail, the three patterns produced by natural selection on polygenic traits.
a. Describe directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection.
b. Review and draw graph examples using those on page 489
What is genetic drift? Be detailed in your explanation.
Describe the characteristics of the bottleneck effect. Give an example of how this can happen.
Describe the characteristics of the founder effect. Provide an example.
What is genetic equilibrium? What conditions are required to maintain it?
What is the Hardy-Weinberg Principle? What is it used for?
a. Give a written description
b. Give the equation in symbols
c. Give the equation in words
Describe each of the five conditions that can disturb genetic equilibrium and cause evolution to occur.
Ch. 17.3-The Process of Speciation
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What is a species? What is speciation?
What is reproductive isolation? What can it lead to?
Differentiate between the three types of reproductive isolation. Be detailed and give examples for each.
What is the current hypothesis about Galapagos finch speciation? Discuss the five influential factors.
Ch. 17.4-Molecular Evolution
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What is a molecular clock? What does it use to determine evolutionary relationships?
What is the relationship between DNA mutation rates and time?
What do Hox genes control – Be specific.
Explain how changes in Hox genes may result in significant evolutionary differences.